Deck 12: The Pancreas

Question 1

The pancreas can be divided into several parts,the largest of which is the:

A) Endocrine part
B) Tail
C) Head
D) Body
E) Accessory part

Answer 1

Head

Question 2

Which tumor has its highest incidence in 60- to 80-year-old American men?

A) Insulinoma
B) Somatostatinoma
C) Gastrinoma
D) Adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas
E) Adenocarcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Answer 2

Adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas

Question 3

Which component of the pancreatic juices acts as a buffer and neutralizes the acidity of gastric juice?

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Peptidase
D) Gastrin
E) Bicarbonate

Answer 3

Bicarbonate

Question 4

Histologically,most carcinomas of the pancreas are classified as:

A) Adenocarcinoma
B) Oat cell carcinoma
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Transitional cell carcinoma
E) Acinic cell carcinoma

Question 5

Which of the following is a late complication of acute pancreatitis?

A) Diverticulosis
B) Amyloidosis
C) Pseudocysts
D) Carcinoma of the ducts of the pancreas
E) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Question 6

Functionally,most pancreatic carcinomas are characterized by:

A) Hyperinsulinism
B) Excess of glucagon
C) Hypergastrinemia
D) Excess of amylase
E) No hormonal symptoms

Question 7

Fat necrosis typically found in and around the pancreas in acute pancreatitis is caused by a release of:

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Peptidase
D) Pepsin
E) Cholecystokinin

Question 8

What digestive enzyme is secreted by the pancreas?

A) Amylase
B) Alkaline phosphatase
C) Somatostatin
D) Cholecystokinin
E) Secretin

Question 9

Peritoneal rigidity signals the onset of peritonitis,which is usually accompanied by:

A) Edema of the head of the pancreas
B) Hemorrhage into the peripancreatic tissue
C) Necrosis of peripancreatic fat tissue
D) Foci of saponification around the pancreas
E) Paralytic ileus

Question 10

X-ray examination of patients with chronic pancreatitis typically reveals:

A) Edema of the head of the pancreas
B) Swelling of the tail of the pancreas
C) Distention of the papilla of Vater
D) Calcifications of the pancreas
E) Loss of endocrine cells from the pancreas

Question 11

Chronic pancreatitis is:

A) More common than acute pancreatitis
B) More common in males than in females
C) Associated with higher mortality than acute pancreatitis
D) Associated with higher levels of amylase in blood than acute pancreatitis
E) More common in children than in adults

Question 12

The most prominent histologic feature of chronic pancreatitis is:

A) Metaplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Fibrosis
D) Ongoing necrosis
E) Apoptosis

Question 13

Inadequate secretion of pancreatic digestive juices in chronic pancreatitis causes:

A) Constipation
B) Dilation of the intestines
C) Atrophy of the mucosa of the small intestine
D) Malabsorption
E) Jaundice

Question 14

What diagnostic approach is most reliable for visualizing the carcinoma of the pancreas?

A) Plain abdominal film
B) Computed tomography (CT) scanning
C) Laparoscopy
D) Gastroscopy
E) Colonoscopy

Question 15

Acute pancreatitis can be induced experimentally by what method?

A) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
B) Obstruction of the secondary pancreatic duct
C) Physical injury of the pancreatic acinar cells
D) Drugs that stimulate the production of pancreatic acinar cells
E) Removal of bile from the main pancreatic duct

Question 16

Which of the following is an early sign of carcinoma of the head of pancreas?

A) Hiccups
B) Gastric regurgitation
C) Jaundice
D) Pain in the left upper abdominal quadrant
E) Ascites

Question 17

Which of the following is most typical of diabetes mellitus?

A) Oliguria
B) Anuria
C) Polyuria
D) Proteinuria
E) Cylindruria

Question 18

A small,benign pancreatic tumor that causes hypoglycemia and syncope is most likely:

A) Insulinoma
B) Glucagonoma
C) VIPoma
D) Gastrinoma
E) Somatostatinoma

Question 19

Hyperglycemia predisposes individuals to:

A) Viral infection
B) Immune mediated pancreatitis
C) Bacterial infections
D) Acute pancreatitis
E) Pancreatic tumors

Question 20

What is the most important and most abundant hormone secreted by the pancreas?

A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Somatostatin
D) Gastrin
E) Cholecystokinin

Question 21

A major biochemical abnormality typical of diabetes mellitus that can be detected by blood analysis is:

A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Hyperamylasemia
D) Hypoalbuminemia
E) Hypercalcemia

Question 22

Carcinoma of the pancreas is the:

A) Third most common cancer-related cause of death in males
B) Third most common cancer-related cause of death in females
C) Fourth most common cancer-related cause of death in males
D) Fourth most common cancer-related cause of death in females
E) Fifth most common cancer-related cause of death in males

Question 23

Glucose enters the liver and goes through the glycolysis process.It is then stored in the form of:

A) Insulin
B) Glycogen
C) Glycogon
D) Simple sugar
E) Lipase

Question 24

What is the most common form of diabetes mellitus?

A) Insulin dependent
B) Non-insulin dependent
C) Gestational
D) Autosomal dominant
E) Autosomal recessive

Question 25

Which of the following commonly occurs in alcoholics?

A) Increased incidence of acute pancreatitis caused by overstimulation of secretin
B) Decreased incidence of acute pancreatitis caused by overstimulation of secretin
C) Increased incidence of acute pancreatitis caused by understimulation of secretin
D) Decreased incidence of chronic pancreatitis caused by overstimulation of secretin
E) Increased incidence of acute pancreatitis caused by overstimulation of insulin