Deck 19: Bones and Joints

Question 1

Osteomyelitis of long bones is most often caused by:

A) Viruses
B) Pyogenic cocci
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) Fungi
E) Parasites

Answer 1

Pyogenic cocci

Question 2

The most common primary malignant tumor of bones is:

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Paget's disease
D) Ewing's disease
E) Giant cell tumor of bone

Answer 2

Osteosarcoma

Question 3

The excess of which hormone causes osteoporosis?

A) Androgens
B) Estrogens
C) Corticosteroids
D) Prolactin
E) Glucagon

Answer 3

Corticosteroids

Question 4

Aseptic necrosis of bones is the result of:

A) Anemia
B) Achondroplasia
C) Osteomyelitis
D) Bone infarctions
E) Osteomalacia

Question 5

The central ("midshaft")portion of long bones is called:

A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Physis
E) Anapophysis

Question 6

A tumor in a 15-year-old boy was diagnosed in the diaphysis of the tibia. On x-ray examination,it had a sunburst appearance and histologically it was composed of a uniform population of small blue cells.This tumor is a(n):

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Giant cell tumor
D) Ewing's sarcoma
E) Metastasis from a lung cancer

Question 7

The extracellular organic matrix of bones is called:

A) Osteon
B) Osteoid
C) Osteoblast
D) Osteocyte
E) Osteoclast

Question 8

A benign bone tumor composed of cartilage cells is called:

A) Osteoma
B) Chondroma
C) Fibroma
D) Paget's disease
E) Ewing's disease

Question 9

Bowlegs,craniotabes,and rachitic rosary in a growing child are signs of:

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Vitamin B1 deficiency
D) Vitamin D deficiency
E) Vitamin A deficiency

Question 10

Osteosarcomas most often arise in the bones of the:

A) Skull
B) Vertebrae
C) Fingers
D) Toes
E) Knee

Question 11

Osteoporosis is usually diagnosed by means of:

A) Bone biopsy
B) Electron microscopy
C) Bone mineral density (BMD) scan
D) Analysis of blood
E) Analysis of joint fluid

Question 12

If a long-bone fracture has numerous lines and fragments,it is called:

A) Simple
B) Greenstick
C) Comminuted
D) Complete
E) Incomplete

Question 13

Rheumatoid arthritis is best classified as:

A) Infectious disease
B) Degenerative disease
C) Inborn error of metabolism
D) Autoimmune disease
E) Neoplastic disease

Question 14

Softening of bones as a result of excessive resorption of calcium salts from the extracellular bone matrix is called:

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteomalacia
C) Osteopetrosis
D) Osteitis deformans
E) Pellagra

Question 15

The bone lesions in renal osteodystrophy are caused by an excess of:

A) ACTH
B) Thyroglobulin
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Aldosterone
E) Androgens

Question 16

Which of the following diseases has the highest incidence among postmenopausal women?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Osteomalacia
D) Achondroplasia
E) Osteomyelitis

Question 17

Which vitamin is essential for the formation of bones?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B1
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin E

Question 18

Which joint disease is characterized by destruction and loss of cartilage,sclerosis of subchondral bone,cyst formation,and osteophytes?

A) Osteoarthritis
B) Osteomalacia
C) Rheumatoid arthritis
D) Gout
E) Infectious arthritis

Question 19

Which of the following diseases is an autosomal dominant cause of dwarfism?

A) Achondroplasia
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Osteogenesis imperfecta
D) Rickets
E) Osteomalacia

Question 20

Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inborn error in the synthesis of:

A) Collagen type I
B) Collagen type II
C) Collagen type III
D) Phosphate crystals
E) Basement membranes

Question 21

An injury that causes the bones forming a joint to lose contact with one another and become misaligned is known as:

A) Contusion
B) Simple fracture
C) Sprain
D) Strain
E) Dislocation

Question 22

The most common symptom of degenerative joint disease is:

A) Fever
B) Swelling
C) Pain
D) Ankylosis
E) Crepitation

Question 23

Hyperuricemia is a prerequisite for:

A) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
B) Gout
C) Trench foot
D) Lyme disease
E) Legionnaire's disease

Question 24

Migratory arthritis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi is typical of:

A) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
B) Trench foot
C) Lyme disease
D) Legionnaire's disease
E) Osteoarthritis

Question 25

Fractures that occur because the bone cannot withstand normal outside pressure and tension are known as:

A) Open
B) Closed
C) Pathologic
D) Simple
E) Complex

Question 26

Which malignant tumor is composed of neoplastic cartilage cells that are insensitive to chemotherapy?

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Paget's disease
D) Legionnaire's disease
E) Chondroma

Question 27

In rheumatoid arthritis the synovium of joints is infiltrated with:

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Mast cells
D) Basophils
E) Plasma cells

Question 28

What bone disease is characterized by irregular restructuring that leads to thickening and deformities of the bones?

A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Trench foot
C) Paget's disease
D) Legionnaire's disease
E) Osteoarthritis

Question 29

Subcutaneous nodules composed of a central area of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by macrophages and lymphocytes are typical of:

A) Infectious arthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Gout
E) Rickets

Question 30

If the overlying skin is intact,a fracture is considered:

A) Open
B) Closed
C) Pathologic
D) Simple
E) Complex