Deck 11: Managing Change and Innovation

Question 1

An open team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Creativity is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

Question 5

An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.

Question 6

The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.

Question 7

Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals.

Question 8

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as entrepreneurship.

Question 9

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as exploration.

Question 10

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as cooperation.

Question 11

Productive innovation refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers.

Question 12

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

Question 13

If organizations don't successfully change and innovate, they die.

Question 14

A product change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.

Question 15

Research shows that managers in creative companies avoid risk and experimentation.

Question 16

Exploration is the aspect of product and technology innovation that involves creating mechanisms to make sure new ideas are carried forward, accepted, and implemented.

Question 17

The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services.

Question 18

Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority, goals, administrative procedures, and managerial systems.

Question 19

An approach to innovation that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments is referred to as the horizontal linkage model.

Question 20

A fast-cycle team is a multifunctional, and sometimes multinational, team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.

Question 21

In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.

Question 22

After the need for change has been perceived, the next part of the change process is implementing change.

Question 23

The idea in the large group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.

Question 24

Refreezing is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a desired new skill or attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization.

Question 25

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.

Question 26

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets.

Question 27

Three of the most popular and effective OD activities are team building, survey feedback, and large-group interventions.

Question 28

Skunkworks are a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

Question 29

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.

Question 30

Centralization and short time horizon are primarily used by creative organizations.

Question 31

A unit that is separate from the mainstream of the organization and is responsible for developing and initiating innovations is called a new-venture team.

Question 32

Culture change pertains to the whole organization.

Question 33

Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

Question 34

People change starts with training everyone in the organization.

Question 35

A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.

Question 36

The three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change with organizational development are planning, changing,and stabilizing.

Question 37

Two specific tools that can smooth the change process include organizational development and programs for training and development.

Question 38

Culture change refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization.

Question 39

The traditional organization development model focuses on the entire system and learning takes place throughout the whole organization.

Question 40

Managers and employees that are most involved in an innovation or potential change are often those that seem to prefer the status quo.

Question 41

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change.

Question 42

The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called _____.

A) a search initiative
B) creativity
C) an ideal champion
D) a great idea
E) strategic analysis

Question 43

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be _____.

A) cordial
B) rightsized
C) ambidextrous
D) compliant
E) intra-focused

Question 44

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as _____.

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 45

_____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers.

A) Restructuring innovation
B) Trickle up innovation
C) Productive innovation
D) Disruptive innovation
E) Reverse innovation

Question 46

Which of the following refers to the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems?

A) Problem solving
B) Organizational development
C) Creativity
D) Brainstorming
E) Perceived solution

Question 47

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation?

A) Disruptive innovation
B) Service innovation
C) Productive innovation
D) Restructuring innovation
E) Reverse innovation

Question 48

_____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.

A) Technology
B) Product
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Creative
E) Incremental

Question 49

Lack of understanding or trust are common reasons for resistance to change.

Question 50

Large cost savings from reduced inventories and labor savings by needing fewer workers to handle inventory can be driving forces associated with the implementation of just-in-time inventory control systems.

Question 51

An example of an organizational would be:

A) the switch to a new production method.
B) the decision to offer a new product line.
C) the introductions of a new pay for performance system.
D) all of these.
E) the switch to a new production method or the decision to offer a new product line.

Question 52

When a change involves multiple departments, top management support is especially important.

Question 53

Reasons employees resist change include self-interest, lack of understanding and trust, uncertainty, and different assessments and goals.

Question 54

Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work?

A) Technology
B) Product
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Creativity
E) Incremental

Question 55

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.

Question 56

The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational _____.

A) change.
B) development.
C) structure.
D) intervention.
E) responsibility.

Question 57

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

Question 58

A performance gap is a disparity between the performance of the company when compared with a competitor.

Question 59

Forces for organizational change exist both in the external environment and within the organization.

Question 60

Change, according to Kurt Lewin, is a result of the competition between forced and unforced fields.

Question 61

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____.

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) innovation roles
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 62

All of the following are characteristics of creative individuals EXCEPT _____.

A) originality
B) playfulness
C) curiosity
D) rationality
E) open-mindedness

Question 63

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a:

A) low pressure environment.
B) stable environment.
C) environment that requires speed.
D) customer service environment.
E) manufacturing environment.

Question 64

Creative organizations:

A) are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
B) are loosely structured.
C) have little ambiguity.
D) have too many layers of management.
E) use a centralized decision making approach.

Question 65

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative individual?

A) Conceptual fluency
B) Undisciplined exploration
C) Persistence and focused approach
D) Authorization and dependent
E) All of these are characteristic of a creative individual

Question 66

Cooltown University recently invited members of its social network group to enter a contest on YouTune to design the best video promoting the university. This is an example of what innovative approach?

A) Social group innovation
B) Network innovation
C) Techsourcing
D) Crowdsourcing
E) Insourcing

Question 67

Jackie, a new employee of yours, strikes you as curious, open-minded, and receptive to new ideas. Keep your eye on Jackie, for she may very well be:

A) an outstanding performer.
B) an individual with a high need for achievement.
C) a satisfied employee.
D) a creative individual.
E) none of these.

Question 68

Which of the following means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry?

A) An idea champion
B) Open innovation
C) A new-venture team
D) An idea incubator
E) An inventor

Question 69

Today's most successful companies are including _____ directly in the product and service development process.

A) employees
B) internal buyers
C) competitors
D) customers
E) all of these

Question 70

A _____ change is related to the organization production process.

A) new product
B) technological
C) structural
D) culture/people
E) competitive

Question 71

Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by others?

A) An idea champion
B) A sponsor
C) A new-venture team
D) A skunkwork
E) An investor

Question 72

According to BusinessWeek and Boston Consulting Group, 72% of top executives reported that _____ is a top priority.

A) planning
B) competition
C) organization
D) cooperation
E) innovation

Question 73

All of the following are critical innovation strategies for changing products and technologies EXCEPT _____.

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) innovation roles
D) risk propensity
E) all of these are critical innovation strategies

Question 74

According to BusinessWeek, in 2012, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company.

A) Apple
B) Nintendo
C) Nokia
D) Sony
E) Procter & Gamble

Question 75

Innovation requires the coordination that occurs with the _____ .

A) top-down approach
B) bottom-up approach
C) horizontal linkage model
D) time-based approach
E) vertical approach

Question 76

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics?

A) An idea champion
B) A sponsor
C) A new-venture team
D) An idea incubator
E) An inventor

Question 77

Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization.

A) experimental organization
B) cooperative organization
C) entrepreneurial organization
D) disruptive organization
E) creative organization

Question 78

Which of the following is a person who sees the need for and fights for productive change in an organization?

A) A creative individual
B) A catalyst
C) An idea champion
D) A sponsor
E) A critic

Question 79

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as _____.

A) exploration
B) cooperation
C) entrepreneurship
D) idea incubator
E) horizontal linkage

Question 80

Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the _____ approach to innovation

A) vertical
B) horizontal linkage model
C) top down
D) bottom-up
E) diagonal