Deck 9: The Confederation and the Constitution,1776-1790

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
popular sovereignty

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
quorum

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
states' rights

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
civic virtue

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Daniel Shays

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
anarchy

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
checks and balances

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
James Madison

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"mobocracy"

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
republicanism

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
disestablish

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Alexander Hamilton

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
foreclosures

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Thomas Jefferson

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Patrick Henry

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Lord Sheffield

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Washington

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Abigail Adams

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Jay

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Benjamin Franklin

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Marshall

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Protestant Episcopal Church

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Natchez

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"We the people…"

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Old Northwest

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Brandywine Creek

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pennsylvania State House

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
three-fifths compromise

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Articles of Confederation

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
bicameral

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
republican motherhood

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
runaway inflation

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Society of the Cincinnati

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Quaker anti-slavery society of Philadelphia

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
bill of rights

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Samuel Adams

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Electoral College

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Great Compromise

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
extensive republic

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Land Ordinance of 1785

Question 41

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Question 42

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Shays's Rebellion

Question 43

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
federalists

Question 44

Which factor inhibited unity among Americans in the 1780s?

A) The harsh peace terms that Britain imposed angered many.
B) The poor treatment of Loyalists troubled many conscience-stricken Americans.
C) The increased economic hardship bred resentment and conflict.
D) The new state constitutions seemed to give too much power to judges and governors.
E) The notion of universal voting rights for men in many states angered American women.

Question 45

As part of the egalitarianism of the American Revolution,

A) several northern states abolished slavery.
B) the international slave trade was completely outlawed.
C) many states repealed laws against interracial marriage.
D) women were granted the right to vote.
E) Congress prohibited the expansion of slavery to the West.

Question 46

The most important outcome of the Revolution for white women was that they

A) permanently gained the right to vote.
B) were allowed to serve in the national legislature.
C) were elevated to a newly prestigious role as special keepers of the nation's conscience.
D) were able to enter a wide range of professions.
E) learned how to fight against male oppression.

Question 47

Why was it difficult to set up a new government in post-Revolutionary America?

A) Each of the thirteen sovereign states had their own unique form of government.
B) Few people wanted to serve as political leaders.
C) Economic problems after the war complicated the situation for the new nation.
D) The various states had little experience with self-government and were confused about how to proceed.
E) There was much unity in the new nation but not many ideas about how best to govern.

Question 48

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
antifederalists

Question 49

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
New Jersey Plan

Question 50

Why did the Founders largely avoid addressing the question of whether to end slavery?

A) They did not see it as a crucial issue for their new democracy.
B) They feared a fight over slavery might destroy national unity.
C) They were more concerned with securing equality for white men and women.
D) They expected that the North would come to rely more heavily on slave labor.
E) They knew the country depended on slavery and might not economically thrive without it.

Question 51

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
The Federalist

Question 52

What made New Jersey´s new constitution of 1776 unique?

A) It granted free blacks the vote.
B) It permanently disenfranchised all Loyalists.
C) It enabled some women to vote (for a time).
D) It was ratified by direct popular vote.
E) It ceded all of the state´s lands west of Pennsylvania to the federal Congress.

Question 53

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Federalist No.10

Question 54

Continental army officers who formed the Society of the Cincinnati

A) were brought to trial for trying to sabotage civilian government.
B) were ridiculed for their lordly pretensions.
C) were trying to force the Congress to pay them their pensions.
D) reflected the Revolutionary War generation's spirit of equality.
E) represented the best of the officer corps.

Question 55

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Virginia Plan

Question 56

As written documents,the state constitutions were intended to

A) represent a fundamental law superior to ordinary legislation.
B) state the fundamental ideals underlying state laws.
C) grant the governor more power than the legislature.
D) keep the government in the hands of the well-to-do.
E) reaffirm states' rights.

Question 57

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Question 58

The newly penned state constitutions enjoyed many features in common,including

A) reliance on the supremacy of ordinary legislation.
B) inclusion of a bill of rights.
C) strong executive and judicial branches of government.
D) sweeping powers for the executive branches.
E) universal suffrage for all citizens.

Question 59

The world's first antislavery society was founded by

A) Thomas Jefferson.
B) Quakers in Philadelphia.
C) Baptists in New England.
D) Catholics in Maryland.
E) the Congregational church.

Question 60

Which statement about the Massachusetts state constitution is FALSE?

A) It was drafted by a special convention called for just that purpose.
B) It was put directly to the state´s voters for ratification.
C) It enshrined the ideal of rule by a "natural aristocracy" of talent.
D) It served as a model for the drafting and ratification of the federal Constitution.
E) It could only be amended by another special convention.

Question 61

All of these foreign powers attempted to interfere with American trade and independence after the revolutionary war EXCEPT

A) Dey of Algiers
B) Spain
C) France
D) Portugal
E) Britain

Question 62

The economic status of the average American at the end of the Revolutionary War was

A) better than before the war.
B) probably worse than before the war.
C) about the same as before the war.
D) closely tied to international economic developments.
E) dependent on government assistance and subsidies.

Question 63

Which statement helps explain how America avoided the violent excesses of the French Revolution?

A) American revolutionary principles were essentially unimportant to the actual conflict.
B) The American Revolution brought very little social change.
C) The abundance of cheap, available land served as a safety valve for economic discontent.
D) The nation's political democracy generated widespread consensus.
E) The American aristocracy was socially enlightened.

Question 64

The land laws of the 1780s

A) created unintended problems for further expansion westward.
B) exacerbated conflicts among the states over settling western lands.
C) were a signature achievement of the American government under the Articles of Confederation.
D) settled the future of slavery by forbidding its extension westward.
E) were the spark for widespread Indian attacks on American pioneers.

Question 65

Shays's Rebellion convinced many Americans of the need for

A) lower taxes.
B) granting pensions to Revolutionary War veterans.
C) a stronger military to halt the Indian threat.
D) a stronger central government.
E) a weaker military presence in the West.

Question 66

The issue that finally touched off the movement toward the Constitutional Convention was

A) control of public lands.
B) control of interstate commerce.
C) Indian policy.
D) monetary policy.
E) foreign threats to American independence.

Question 67

The debate between the supporters and critics of the Articles of Confederation centered on how to

A) reconcile states' rights with strong national government.
B) bring territories into equal statehood.
C) abolish slavery yet preserve national unity.
D) balance the power of legislative and executive offices of government.
E) create a civilian commander in chief of the military.

Question 68

What provoked Shays's Rebellion?

A) The growing fear of a southern slaveholders' conspiracy
B) Wealthy merchants' attempt to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new constitution
C) A quarrel over the boundary between Massachusetts and Vermont
D) Foreclosures on the mortgages of backcountry farmers
E) The government's failure to pay bonuses to Revolutionary War veterans

Question 69

Why did some states decline to ratify the Articles of Confederation until 1781,four years after it was drafted?

A) They wanted to retain the right to coin money.
B) They feared giving Congress the power to negotiate treaties.
C) They disliked the clause obligating them to raise armies and navies.
D) They were struggling over the issue of western land.
E) They disliked that the Articles required them to provide funds to Congress.

Question 70

Which group regarded Shay's Rebellion as a sign that the Revolution had created "mobocracy" rather than democracy?

A) Southern slaveowners
B) Conservative, propertied Americans
C) Revolutionary War veterans in debt
D) proponents of pure democracy
E) authors of the Anti-Federalist

Question 71

As a result of the Revolution,many state capitals were relocated westward

A) to make use of the better roads that had been built.
B) to prevent possible British capture.
C) to take advantage of new water routes to the interior regions.
D) to move them away from the more pretentious eastern seaports.
E) to establish a basis for western land claims.

Question 72

Which statement about the Land Ordinance of 1785 is FALSE?

A) Money from land sales would be used to pay off the national debt.
B) Land in the Northwest would be surveyed before its sale.
C) The territory would be divided into townships six miles square.
D) The sixteenth section would be sold to support education.
E) Slavery would be prohibited in the Northwest territories.

Question 73

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A) provided for the survey and sale of public lands in the Old Northwest.
B) established a procedure for turning frontier territories into equal states.
C) banned slavery from all territories of the United States.
D) opened the way to American control of the Great Lakes.
E) carved the Northwest Territory into five future states.

Question 74

The Articles of Confederation left Congress unable to

A) decide policy for the western lands.
B) deal with foreign affairs.
C) apportion state representation.
D) enforce a tax-collection program.
E) establish a postal service.

Question 75

After the Revolutionary War,both Britain and Spain

A) tried to gain control of Florida.
B) regularly attacked American shipping.
C) prevented America from exercising effective control over about half of its total territory.
D) helped America to fight the pirates in North Africa.
E) abandoned their forts in the West.

Question 76

Wartime problems left the American economy damaged by the 1780s.What was NOT one of those problems?

A) Runaway inflation
B) Profiteering
C) Build-up of British wartime surpluses that flooded into postwar America and hurt homegrown businesses
D) Loss of capital due to widespread emancipation of slaves
E) Speculation

Question 77

Which purpose did the Articles of Confederation serve during the war?

A) It nullified all debts to Britain.
B) It freed slaves to fight for the Patriots.
C) It was the document that truly made America independent.
D) It was held up to France as proof that America had a government.
E) It created a strong central government to better wage the war on Britain.

Question 78

The Second Continental Congress of revolutionary days

A) operated with strong constitutional authority.
B) functioned as a Revolutionary tribunal with direct authority over citizens and the army.
C) shared equal authority with the states.
D) was little more than a conference of ambassadors from independent states with very limited power.
E) was most effective in developing a banking and currency system.

Question 79

What was one of the most important features of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

A) It set aside a section of each township for education.
B) It abolished slavery in all of the United States.
C) It prohibited slavery in the Old Northwest.
D) It used the revenue from land sales for defense of the West.
E) It established "land grant" universities in each of the Great Lakes states.

Question 80

After much debate,what finally enabled the Articles of Confederation to be approved by all thirteen states?

A) The states reached an agreement on implementing a rotating presidency.
B) The states finally agreed to give up their right to coin money.
C) The states claiming western land reserves surrendered them to the national government.
D) The states gave up their power to establish tariffs.
E) The states agreed to add a two-house national legislature.