Deck 14: Forging the National Economy,1790-1860

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"ecological imperialism"

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"rugged individualism"

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
limited liability

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
nativists

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Eli Whitney

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Carl Schurz

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
transportation revolution

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Catlin

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Isaac Singer

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Elias Howe

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Samuel F.B.Morse

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Deere

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Jacob Astor

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Robert Fulton

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
DeWitt Clinton

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Industrial Revolution

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
cult of domesticity

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Samuel Slater

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Cyrus McCormick

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Catharine Beecher

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
factory girls

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
clipper ships

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Clermont

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Yellowstone Park

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"wage slaves"

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Molly Maguires

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Awful Disclosures

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Tammany Hall

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Cyrus Field

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
free incorporation

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Patent Office

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
turnpike

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Forty-Eighters"

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
domestic feminism

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
cotton gin

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Self-Reliance"

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
McCormick's reaper

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
market revolution

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Know-Nothing party

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
ten-hour day

Question 41

Irish immigrant women had few opportunities for work other than in

A) textile factories.
B) teaching at Catholic schools.
C) farming on plantations, often as indentured servants.
D) domestic service.
E) construction.

Question 42

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ancient Order of Hibernians

Question 43

In early-nineteenth-century America,which written work resonated with the public for the way it captured the spirit of the times?

A) "Bartleby the Scrivener" by Herman Melville
B) "Self-Reliance" by Ralph Waldo Emerson
C) The Gentleman´s Guide to Wealth by John Jacob Astor
D) "The Cult of Domesticity" by Catherine Beecher
E) "Our Pioneer Spirit" by George Catlin

Question 44

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
potato famine

Question 45

The painter George Catlin advocated

A) placing Indians on reservations.
B) efforts to protect America's endangered species.
C) continuing the "rendezvous" system of fur trapping.
D) keeping white settlers out of the West.
E) the preservation of nature as a national policy.

Question 46

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
sewing machine

Question 47

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pony Express

Question 48

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Erie Canal

Question 49

Pioneering Americans marooned by geography

A) never took the time to explore the beauty of the natural landscape.
B) grew to depend on other people for most of their basic needs.
C) abandoned the "rugged individualism" of colonial Americans.
D) never looked for any help beyond their immediate family.
E) were often ill informed, superstitious, provincial, and fiercely individualistic.

Question 50

What pushed large numbers of Irish people to immigrate to the United States in the 1840s?

A) Potato rot
B) Religious warfare between Protestants and Catholics
C) The failed war for Irish independence
D) Drought compounded by a typhoid epidemic
E) Wheat blight

Question 51

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Commonwealth v.Hunt

Question 52

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
interchangeable parts

Question 53

What best describes the surging numbers of immigrants to the United States in the 1840s and 1850s?

A) more than sixty thousand Irish and nearly as many Germans
B) more than a million Germans and half a million Italians
C) more than two million Italians and Poles
D) more than one and a half million Irish and nearly as many Germans
E) more than a million English and half as many French

Question 54

The Irish immigrants to early-nineteenth-century America

A) were almost all Roman Catholics.
B) tended to settle on western farmlands.
C) were warmly welcomed by American workers.
D) identified and sympathized with American free blacks.
E) were often members of the Irish Republican Army (IRA).

Question 55

The dramatic growth of American cities between 1800 and 1860

A) put an end to the frontier era.
B) contributed to a decline in the birthrate.
C) resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities.
D) forced the federal government to slow immigration.
E) created sharp political conflict between farmers and urbanites.

Question 56

When the Irish flocked to the United States in the 1840s,they mostly stayed in the larger seaboard cities because they

A) preferred urban life.
B) were offered higher-paying jobs.
C) saw greater opportunities for education.
D) were too poor to move west and buy land.
E) had experience in urban politics.

Question 57

"Ecological imperialism" can best be described as

A) efforts of white settlers to take land from Native Americans.
B) the aggressive exploitation of the West's bounty.
C) humans' domination of western animals.
D) the spread of technology and industry.
E) the practice of using spectacular natural settings as symbols of America.

Question 58

Life on the frontier was

A) fairly comfortable for women but not for men.
B) downright grim for most pioneer families.
C) more highly cultured than often realized.
D) a place where lone heroes battled Indians and outlaws.
E) based on tight-knit communities.

Question 59

Who has been credited with launching the factory system in America?

A) Eli Whitney
B) Cyrus McCormick
C) Elias Howe
D) Robert Fulton
E) Samuel Slater

Question 60

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Road,or Cumberland Road

Question 61

Irish immigrants had considerable success in

A) integrating into the public education system.
B) moving into factory management.
C) organizing their own political party, the Know-Nothing party.
D) using construction jobs as a stepping-stone to property development.
E) securing power and jobs through political machines.

Question 62

Fear of,and opposition to,open immigration was called

A) the cult of domesticity.
B) nativism.
C) Unitarianism.
D) rugged individualism.
E) racism.

Question 63

In 1820,children under the age of ten accounted for around ____ of the nation´s industrial workers.

A) ten percent
B) one quarter
C) one third
D) one half
E) nearly all

Question 64

As a result of the development of the cotton gin,

A) slavery revived and expanded.
B) there was less need for reliance on slaves to work in the cotton fields.
C) technology assumed a large role in cotton production.
D) the South diversified its economy.
E) the textile industry moved to the South.

Question 65

By 1830 the early,painful efforts at organizing workers resulted in

A) successful strikes in nearly every industry.
B) a nationwide labor movement that held considerable political power.
C) virtually no gains at all.
D) a growing number of state laws that prohibited child labor.
E) 300,000 trade unionists.

Question 66

Factories sprouted up in New England first partly because

A) its soil was well adapted to producing raw materials for textiles.
B) the rapid rivers of the region provided abundant water power for factory machinery.
C) proximity to Canada facilitated exports to the British empire.
D) its lack of financial infrastructure made other paths to economic development attractive.
E) the region hosted a large population of English immigrants with experience in textile production.

Question 67

Which invention,known for its interchangeable parts,created the basis for modern mass production?

A) Robert Fulton´s steamboat
B) Elias Howe´s sewing machine
C) Eli Whitney´s musket
D) Samuel Slater´s mechanical spinner
E) Eli Whitney´s cotton gin

Question 68

Eli Whitney was instrumental in the invention of both

A) the steamboat and the transatlantic cable.
B) the cotton gin and the system of interchangeable parts.
C) the railroad and the process for making steel.
D) the sewing machine and the telegraph.
E) the repeating revolver and the machine gun.

Question 69

Native-born Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would

A) want to attend school with Protestants.
B) bring the pope over to rule America.
C) "establish" the Catholic church at the expense of Protestantism.
D) pass laws forbidding birth control.
E) establish monasteries and convents in the West.

Question 70

The American phase of the Industrial Revolution focused first on

A) gun powder.
B) textiles.
C) food production.
D) railroads and ship building.
E) coal and iron-mining and processing.

Question 71

Native-born Americans especially distrusted and resented the Irish because these immigrants

A) were poor.
B) often drank too much liquor.
C) were almost all Roman Catholics.
D) frequently became police officers.
E) were slow to learn English.

Question 72

An outgrowth of the early factory system was

A) the growing class of "wage slaves" who suffered long hours and grim conditions in return for meager wages.
B) the growing divide between manufacturers and agriculturalists.
C) the decline of New England´s public school system.
D) the rise of a vibrant labor movement in the Northeast.
E) the decline of domestic service as servants left in droves to take up factory jobs.

Question 73

The "Father of the Factory System" in the United States was

A) Andrew Carnegie.
B) Samuel F. B. Morse.
C) Eli Whitney.
D) Samuel Slater.
E) Thomas Edison.

Question 74

German immigrants to the United States

A) quickly became a powerful political force.
B) left their homeland to escape economic hardships and autocratic government.
C) were as poor as the Irish.
D) were generally welcomed by native-born Americans.
E) were almost all Catholics.

Question 75

Match each individual below with the correct invention.

A) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
B) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C) A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D) A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
E) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

Question 76

In the case of Commonwealth v.Hunt,the supreme court of Massachusetts ruled that

A) permanent corporations were constitutional.
B) labor unions were legal.
C) labor strikes were illegal.
D) girls under the age of 16 could not be employed in factories.
E) the state could regulate factory wages and working conditions.

Question 77

The "cult of domesticity"

A) gave women more opportunity to seek employment outside the home.
B) celebrated mothers as economic role models for their children.
C) restricted women's moral influence on the family.
D) glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.
E) created unrealistic standards of beauty for American women.

Question 78

German immigrants were attracted in particular to ____,where they found a climate,soil,and geography much like central Europe's.

A) Massachusetts
B) Indiana
C) New York
D) Wisconsin
E) Oregon

Question 79

German immigrants in the early nineteenth century tended to

A) settle in eastern industrial cities.
B) retain strong ties to Germany.
C) become slave owners.
D) join the temperance movement.
E) support public schools.

Question 80

Those who were frightened by the rapid influx of Irish immigrants organized

A) the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.
B) the "Molly Maguires."
C) Tammany Hall.
D) the Ancient Order of Hibernians.
E) the Ku Klux Klan.