Deck 33: The Great Depression and the New Deal,1933-1939

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Maynard Keynes

Answer 1

Student answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ruth Benedict

Answer 2

Student answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 3

Student answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Charles Coughlin

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John L.Lewis

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Francis Townsend

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Eleanor Roosevelt

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George W.Norris

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harry Hopkins

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pearl Buck

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Steinbeck

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harold Ickes

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
New Deal

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Frances Perkins

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
parity

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Brain Trust

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"the forgotten man"

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Huey Long

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Alfred M.Landon

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Franklin D.Roosevelt

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Works Progress Administration

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Hundred Days

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Every Man a King"

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Glass-Steagall Act

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Public Works Administration

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Civilian Conservation Corps

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Indian Reorganization Act

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Agricultural Adjustment Act

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Congress of Industrial Organizations

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Wagner Act

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Schechter case

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dust Bowl

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
sitdown strike

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Tennessee Valley Authority

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Social Security Act

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Securities and Exchange Commission

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Federal Housing Administration

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Recovery Act

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
the "three Rs"

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Labor Relations Board

Question 41

When Franklin Roosevelt assumed the presidency in March 1933

A) Congress refused to grant him any legislative authority.
B) he knew exactly what he wanted to do.
C) he received unprecedented congressional support.
D) he wanted to make as few mistakes as possible.
E) he at first proceeded cautiously.

Question 42

The group that had experienced the worst suffering as a result of the Great Depression was

A) women.
B) factory workers.
C) African Americans.
D) skilled men.
E) immigrants.

Question 43

In 1932,Franklin Roosevelt campaigned on the promise that as president he would attack the Great Depression by

A) nationalizing all banks and major industries.
B) mobilizing America's youth as in wartime.
C) returning to the traditional policies of laissez-faire capitalism.
D) continuing the policies already undertaken by President Hoover.
E) experimenting with bold new programs for economic and social reform.

Question 44

The single most popular New Deal program was probably the

A) Works Progress Administration.
B) Agricultural Adjustment Act.
C) National Recovery Administration.
D) Civilian Conservation Corps.
E) Tennessee Valley Authority.

Question 45

Franklin Roosevelt took America off the gold standard and adopted a managed currency policy designed to

A) stimulate inflation.
B) reduce the price of gold.
C) restore confidence in banks.
D) reduce the amount of money in circulation.
E) shake up the Federal Reserve Board.

Question 46

Franklin Roosevelt's ____ contributed the most to his development of compassion and strength of will.

A) education
B) domestic conflicts with Eleanor Roosevelt
C) family ties with Teddy Roosevelt
D) affliction with infantile paralysis
E) service in World War I

Question 47

The Works Progress Administration was a major ____ program of the New Deal; the Public Works Administration was a long-range ____ program; and the Social Security Act was a major ____ program.

A) relief; recovery; reform
B) reform; recovery; relief
C) recovery; relief; reform
D) relief; reform; recovery
E) reform; relief; recovery

Question 48

One striking new feature of the 1932 presidential election results was that

A) the South had shifted to the Republican party.
B) Democrats made gains in the normally Republican Midwest.
C) urban Americans finally cast more votes than rural Americans.
D) a clear gender gap opened up in which more women favored the Democrats.
E) African Americans shifted from their Republican allegiance and became a vital element in the Democratic party.

Question 49

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Roosevelt coalition

Question 50

The most immediate emergency facing Franklin Roosevelt when he became president in March 1933 was

A) the collapse of nearly the entire banking system.
B) runaway inflation.
C) the growing power of demagogues such as Huey Long and Father Coughlin.
D) the near collapse of international trade.
E) riots by unemployed workers and farmers unable to sell their goods.

Question 51

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Keynesianism

Question 52

While Franklin Roosevelt waited to assume the presidency in early 1933,Herbert Hoover tried to get the president-elect to commit to

A) maintaining a balanced federal budget.
B) renewal of the extremely high Hawley-Smoot Tariff.
C) an anti-inflationary policy that would have made much of the New Deal impossible.
D) appointing some Republicans to his cabinet.
E) a policy of not offering direct welfare to the unemployed.

Question 53

Immediately after taking office,President Roosevelt responded to the banking crisis by

A) restoring the gold standard to guarantee the soundness of American currency.
B) reassuring Americans that all their banking deposits were safe.
C) providing major federal loans to the largest and soundest banks.
D) establishing a new Bank of the United States to guarantee deposits.
E) closing all American banks for a week, while reorganizing them on a sounder basis.

Question 54

The phrase Hundred Days refers to the

A) worst months of the Great Depression.
B) time it took for Congress to begin acting on President Roosevelt's plans for combating the Great Depression.
C) flood of legislation passed by Congress in the first months of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency.
D) "lame-duck" period between Franklin Roosevelt's election and his inauguration.
E) time that all banks were closed by FDR.

Question 55

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Liberty League

Question 56

The Democratic party platform on which Franklin Roosevelt campaigned for the presidency in 1932 called for

A) extensive social reforms and a balanced budget.
B) deficit spending and a higher military budget.
C) higher tariffs and support for American manufacturers.
D) nationalization of key industries.
E) breaking up monopolistic corporations and supporting small business.

Question 57

The early New Deal experiments borrowed rather freely and randomly from

A) the American labor movement and European socialism.
B) early twentieth-century economists and social theorists Thorstein Veblen and John Dewey.
C) Mussolini's fascism and Hitler's Nazism.
D) U.S. wartime and pre-war agencies and European social reform models.
E) the late nineteenth-century utopian literature of Henry George, Edward Bellamy, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman.

Question 58

The Glass-Steagall Act

A) took the United States off the gold standard.
B) empowered President Roosevelt to close all banks temporarily.
C) created the Securities and Exchange Commission to regulate the stock exchange.
D) permitted commercial banks to engage in Wall Street financial dealings.
E) created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure individual bank deposits.

Question 59

Eleanor Roosevelt had honed her own skills and developed a personal network of reform activists through

A) running for local offices in New York state.
B) her experience in settlement houses and women's reform organizations.
C) her long resistance to Franklin Roosevelt's personal infidelities.
D) her personal association with women's colleges and sororities.
E) sitting in on Franklin Roosevelt's cabinet meetings when he was governor of New York.

Question 60

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Court-packing plan

Question 61

All of the following are true statements about the men who joined the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)except

A) there were about three million men in the program.
B) the men were mostly young, hired to work in fresh-air camps.
C) many of the men had had criminal records.
D) they worked on reforestation, flood control and swamp drainage projects.
E) CCC workers helped families by sending most of their paychecks home.

Question 62

Both ratified in the 1930s,the Twentieth Amendment ____ and the Twenty-first Amendment ____.

A) shortened the time between presidential election and inauguration; ended prohibition
B) limited a president to two complete terms in office; repealed the Eighteenth Amendment
C) rendered most New Deal programs unconstitutional; limited a president to two complete terms in office
D) ended prohibition; shortened the time between presidential election and inauguration
E) expanded the size of the Supreme Court; ended prohibition

Question 63

All of the following contributed to the Dust Bowl of the 1930s except

A) dry-farming techniques.
B) drought.
C) farmers' failure to use steam tractors and other modern equipment.
D) the cultivation of marginal farmlands on the Great Plains.
E) soil erosion.

Question 64

President Roosevelt's chief "administrator of relief" and one of his closest advisors was

A) George Norris.
B) John L. Lewis.
C) Mary McLeod Bethune.
D) Harry Hopkins.
E) None of these

Question 65

Match each New Deal critic below with the cause or slogan that he promoted.

A) A-l, B-2, C-4, D-3
B) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
C) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
E) A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2

Question 66

The National Recovery Administration (NRA)failed largely because

A) businesses resisted regulation by the agency.
B) it required too much self-sacrifice on the part of industry, labor, and the public.
C) Harold Ickes, the head of the agency, proved to be an incompetent administrator.
D) it did not provide enough protection for labor to bargain with management.
E) the agency did not have enough power to control business.

Question 67

In 1935,President Roosevelt set up the Resettlement Administration to

A) help farmers migrate from Oklahoma to California.
B) place unemployed industrial workers in areas where their labor was needed.
C) move Indians from land that could be farmed by victims of the Dust Bowl.
D) find jobs for farmers in industry.
E) help farmers who were victims of the Dust Bowl move to better land.

Question 68

The most complex and ambitious New Deal effort to achieve recovery and reform the entire American economy was the

A) Public Works Administration.
B) National Recovery Administration.
C) Tennessee Valley Authority.
D) National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act).
E) Social Security Administration.

Question 69

Senator Huey P.Long of Louisiana gained a large national following by promising to

A) nationalize all banks and public utility companies.
B) make Jews pay for causing the Great Depression.
C) help farmers and workers organize to resist the power of corporations.
D) provide the unemployed and elderly a $200-a-month social security payment.
E) "share our wealth" by raising taxes on the rich and giving every family $5,000.

Question 70

Roosevelt supported the repeal of prohibition because

A) he thought it was unconstitutional.
B) he believed the problem of drunkenness could be solved by restricting alcohol content to 3.2 percent by weight.
C) he thought that it afforded the opportunity to raise needed federal revenue and provide jobs.
D) he needed support from the repeal movement to gain reelection.
E) drys - those who opposed alcohol - were an increasingly small segment of the population.

Question 71

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 attempted to

A) reverse the forced assimilation of Native Americans into white society by establishing tribal self-government.
B) encourage Native Americans to give up their land claims.
C) reinforce the Dawes Act of 1887.
D) pressure Native Americans to renounce self-government.
E)

Question 72

Prominent female social scientists of the 1930s,like Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead,brought widespread contributions to the field of

A) economics.
B) political science.
C) psychology.
D) sociology.
E) anthropology.

Question 73

The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)proposed to solve the farm problem by

A) reducing agricultural production.
B) subsidizing American farm exports overseas.
C) encouraging farmers to switch to industrial employment.
D) helping farmers to pay their mortgages.
E) creating farm cooperatives.

Question 74

The Federal Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Commission aimed to

A) halt the sale of stocks on margin (i.e. with borrowed funds).
B) force stockbrokers to register with the federal government.
C) prevent interlocking directorates and business pyramiding schemes.
D) provide full disclosure of information and prevent insider trading and other fraudulent practices.
E) enable the Chicago Board of Trade to compete with the New York Stock Exchange.

Question 75

The fate of most of the Okies and other Dust Bowl migrants who headed west to California was that they

A) acquired farms in the San Joaquin Valley.
B) found steady work in the canning industry.
C) still struggled for food, shelter, and work in the San Joaquin Valley.
D) became caught up in radical labor movements.
E) formed mutually supportive evangelical religious communes.

Question 76

The first Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)raised the money that it paid to farmers not to grow crops by

A) raising the tariff.
B) imposing a tax on the sale of farms.
C) selling government surplus grain.
D) increasing taxes on the wealthy.
E) taxing processors of farm products.

Question 77

Probably the most radical New Deal program that provoked widespread charges of creeping socialism was the

A) Indian Reorganization Act.
B) Social Security Act.
C) Agricultural Adjustment Act.
D) Federal Housing Administration.
E) Tennessee Valley Authority.

Question 78

Native Americans responded to the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

A) with some thrilled by its efforts to stop the loss of Indian lands.
B) with many Indians rejecting its provisions to organize tribes and tribal governments.
C) by denouncing it as a "back to the blanket" measure.
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 79

Match each New Dealer below with the federal agency or program with which he or she was closely identified.

A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
C) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
D) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
E) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Question 80

Most Dust Bowl migrants headed to

A) Oklahoma.
B) Arizona.
C) Nevada.
D) Oregon.
E) California.