Deck 23: The Culture of Industrial Europe,1850-1914

Question 1

The first air travel was achieved by which nation in 1900?

A) Germany
B) America
C) Britain
D) Italy
E) China

Answer 1

Germany

Question 2

One of the wealthiest developers of the petroleum industry was

A) JP Morgan.
B) Andrew Carnegie
C) John D. Rockefeller.
D) Karl Benz
E) Thomas Edison

Answer 2

John D. Rockefeller.

Question 3

The first multi-story building was built in which city?

A) London
B) Paris
C) New York
D) Chicago
E) Berlin

Answer 3

Chicago

Question 4

Guglielmo Marconi is significant for his invention of

A) telefacsimile.
B) gramophone.
C) wireless communication.
D) moving pictures.
E) vacuum cathode tubes.

Question 5

The telephone was invented by

A) Alexander Graham Bell.
B) Werner von Siemens.
C) Thomas Edison.
D) Samuel Morse.
E) Baron Schilling.

Question 6

The transmission of news through a telegram was accomplished by means of what?

A) Morse Code
B) numeric code
C) voice transmission.
D) electrical impulses graphed on ticker tape
E) radio waves

Question 7

With the opening of the Suez Canal,transportation between Britain and India decreased by how much?

A) 25%
B) 33%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) 70%

Question 8

The most important product of the Second Industrial Revolution was

A) electricity.
B) trains.
C) steel.
D) petroleum.
E) chemical byproducts.

Question 9

Public power stations were developed by the Siemens family and established first in

A) Berlin.
B) Munich.
C) Vienna.
D) England.
E) Paris.

Question 10

The growth of the professional classes and middle-class employment was called

A) skilled labor.
B) nepotism.
C) white collar.
D) blue collar.
E) proletariat.

Question 11

The first mass-produced automobile was the ____.

A) Mercedes Benz.
B) Ford Model T.
C) Panhard Lavosser.
D) Peugot.
E) Mercer Raceabout.

Question 12

Industrial growth went hand in hand with what demographic event?

A) Population increase
B) Population decrease
C) Urbanization
D) Decreased child mortality rates
E) Later age of marriage

Question 13

Which of the following facilitated suburban growth in the nineteenth century?

A) Public transportation such as trams and subways
B) Public housing
C) Electricity
D) Gas lights
E) Hygiene

Question 14

What was considered new about electricity's applications in the late nineteenth century?

A) It powered industry in a cleaner fashion than coal.
B) It could be transported over long distances.
C) It provided a cheaper alternative to steam power.
D) It permitted people to work later hours.
E) It allowed cities to maintain control over the utility industry.

Question 15

One of the cheapest and most widely available means of transportation in the nineteenth century was the

A) train.
B) trolley bus.
C) automobile.
D) steamship.
E) tram.

Question 16

The newspaper industry was enhanced in the second half of the nineteenth century by the invention of all of the following except

A) the telegraph.
B) cheap mass-produced paper.
C) the linotype machine.
D) lithography.
E) annaline dyes.

Question 17

The European leader of the chemical industry was

A) France.
B) Poland.
C) Germany.
D) England.
E) Holland.

Question 18

The Panama Canal connected which areas?

A) North and South America
B) The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
C) The Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean
D) The Indian and Pacific Oceans.
E) Africa and Europe.

Question 19

Steel technology was applied primarily to

A) weapons and transportation.
B) architecture.
C) machinery in other industries.
D) personal goods.
E) none of these.

Question 20

The new chemical sciences produced widely applicable goods,including

A) dynamite.
B) fertilizer.
C) medicine.
D) cellophane.
E) all of these.

Question 21

Respectable positions for women in the working world at the end of the nineteenth century included all of the following except

A) salesclerks.
B) postal clerks.
C) teachers.
D) nurses.
E) physicians.

Question 22

Which of the following factors accounted for the doubling of the European population in the nineteenth century?

A) Fewer epidemics
B) Improvements in the health sciences
C) Lack of widespread wars
D) Better nutrition
E) All of these

Question 23

The artistic movement of Realism was characterized by

A) mythical scenes or religious influences.
B) the artist's perception of light and shadows.
C) a focus on daily life as the influence for subject matter.
D) increased sensuality of form.
E) brighter colors and sharper focus of subjects in paintings.

Question 24

The artist who blurred the lines between art and advertising was

A) Honoré Daumier.
B) Edouard Manet.
C) Claude Monet.
D) Toulouse Lautrec.
E) Auguste Renoir.

Question 25

Who invented the tourism industry in Britain?

A) The Thomas Brothers
B) Henry Fodor
C) Thomas Cook
D) Nathanial Thomas
E) Stephen Saint-James

Question 26

Two of the newer sports that were deemed suitable for women to play were

A) bicycling and croquet.
B) golfing and tennis.
C) tennis and bicycling.
D) golfing and rugby.
E) none of these.

Question 27

What did physician John Snow in Britain accomplish?

A) He proved that cholera was transmitted by water rather than air.
B) He proved that cholera could be treated with antibiotics.
C) He developed vaccines against tuberculosis and diphtheria.
D) He developed a theory of microorganisms causing infection.
E) He initiated washing of hands between patients to prevent the spread of disease.

Question 28

Edouard Manet shocked French society with which "scandalous" painting?

A) The Dancers.
B) Starry Nights.
C) The Luncheon on the Grass.
D) Le Chat Noir.
E) Nude Descending a Staircase.

Question 29

Which of the following was one of the most popular entertainments using new technology?

A) Magic Lantern shows
B) cabaret
C) serialized books in mass papers
D) dance clubs with electric lights
E) vulcanized rubber in sports equipment

Question 30

Feminism and activities for women's rights were carried out primarily by whom?

A) working women
B) social theorists
C) middle class women
D) women of aristocratic means with access to power
E) women in universities

Question 31

Which profession was least likely to increase in the late nineteenth century middle classes in Europe?

A) banker
B) professor
C) physician
D) lawyer
E) dentist

Question 32

Which of the following did not contribute to the growth of leisure time in western and central Europe?

A) Shorter working hours.
B) technological innovations.
C) better transportation.
D) growth of suburbs.
E) religious support demanding a day of rest.

Question 33

In what category of painting would you place Ilya Repin?

A) Expressionism
B) Impressionism
C) Realism
D) Fauvism
E) Portraiture

Question 34

Why did birthrates decline in western Europe in the late nineteenth century?

A) Birth control and abortion were widely available.
B) Child mortality rates decreased.
C) Industrialization caused more women to work.
D) People married at a later age.
E) None of these

Question 35

Which sport was seen as the leisure activity of the well-to-do?

A) Soccer (football)
B) Bicycling
C) Billiards
D) Golf
E) Rugby

Question 36

Within Europe,women found the best educational opportunities for university training in

A) France.
B) England.
C) Germany.
D) Switzerland.
E) Spain.

Question 37

In revolutionizing shopping as a consumer industry,Aristide Boucicaut's Bon Marché provided all of the following except

A) the ability to see merchandise without obligation to purchase.
B) catalogues.
C) a return policy.
D) seasonal sales.
E) buying on credit.

Question 38

The artistic movement,which sought to reproduce the painter's view of light on a scene,was called

A) Impressionism
B) Expressionism
C) Fauvism.
D) Realism.
E) Cubism.

Question 39

Among Louis Pasteur's contributions to the field of public health were

A) heating drinks to kill microbacteria.
B) developing vaccines.
C) promoting standards of hygiene to reduce illness.
D) using sterilization to reduce infections in hospitals and surgery.
E) all of these.

Question 40

In contrast to the Salon de Paris,artists who did not conform to those standards created which alternate display site?

A) Musée D'Or
B) Gare du Nord
C) Salon Pas
D) Jardin du Luxembourg
E) Salon des Refusés.

Question 41

How did the chemical developments of the late nineteenth century work together to transform industrialization and production of goods?

Question 42

Who of the following painters represents the school of abstract art?

A) Ilya Repin
B) Claude Monet
C) Vasily Kandinsky
D) Pablo Picasso
E) El Greco

Question 43

Who discovered x-rays?

A) Marie Curie
B) Wilhelm Roentgen
C) Heinrich Hertz
D) Linus Pauling
E) Stephen Hawking

Question 44

A critic of the popular arts,which of the following sought to create art that was both beautiful and useful?

A) William Morris
B) Alphonse Mucha
C) Marcel Duchamp
D) Pablo Picasso
E) Gustav Klimt

Question 45

How did the consumption of popular art come to embody the diversity of its audience? How was this change affected by technology?

Question 46

Analyze the effects of the changes in transportation in the nineteenth century.

Question 47

What were some of the internal conflicts in the feminist movement of the late nineteenth century?

Question 48

How did the development of a consumer society facilitate employment and social mobility possibilities for women?

Question 49

How did the "new science" move from being applied to industry and into the realm of theoretical applications?

Question 50

The sociologist Max Weber argued that many political leaders were successful in commanding respect and power because of what attribute?

A) nationalism
B) ethnic pride
C) charisma
D) personal wealth
E) flexible ethics

Question 51

Comte's system of positivism embraced modernity by

A) arguing that humans were indeed the product of evolution, and by virtue of their success, Europeans were superior in the world.
B) posing three phases of human development, with the last phase (modern) embracing science and quantitative methods for proving social theory.
C) rejecting the artifice of Romanticism and returning instead to the values of the Enlightenment.
D) cataloguing human accomplishments by degrees of technology.
E) none of these methods.

Question 52

The idea of improving humanity by encouraging reproduction of those with "desirable traits" is called

A) eugenics
B) evolution
C) genetic selection
D) natural selection
E) Mendelism

Question 53

Discuss the importance of the early petroleum industry and its effects on civilization.

Question 54

Who was the leader of the Social Darwinist movement?

A) Herbert Spencer
B) Gregory Mendel
C) Carl Linnaeus
D) Albert Einstein
E) Nels Bohr

Question 55

How did Auguste Comte influence the social sciences? What made his theories new?

Question 56

Fyodor Dostoevsky broke ground in a new style of writing fiction when he

A) fused realism with social commentary.
B) mixed psychological depth with political and religious passion.
C) created wildly fantastical novels about the future.
D) imposed naturalist objectives in scathing essays.
E) satirized modern society and rejected technology.

Question 57

The painting style of Cubism embodied

A) swirls of colors and shapes not representing any real objects, but feelings.
B) a photographlike rendering of objects in real time.
C) the same object seem from multiple perspectives.
D) fuzzy shapes and outlines that emphasized color and light.
E) political protests in art.

Question 58

How did technology influence the development of leisure time and transform society?

Question 59

The study of genetics was advanced in the nineteenth century by

A) Charles Darwin.
B) Linus Pauling.
C) Gregor Mendel.
D) Herbert Spencer.
E) Louis Pasteur.

Question 60

Why was the question of evolution seen as problematic within the scientific and religious worlds?

Question 61

Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity rejected Newtonian ideas of gravity.

Question 62

European feminism of the late nineteenth century was primarily a middle class phenomenon.

Question 63

Charles Darwin's main contribution to the scientific field was the idea of evolution.

Question 64

Morris' Arts and Crafts movements fused beautiful design with modern function.

Question 65

Western Europe,excluding Ireland,developed "mass society" before Central and Eastern Europe.

Question 66

Freud believed that no human was innately good or bad.

Question 67

The Panama Canal made it possible for English ships to reach India 50% faster.

Question 68

The center of the Impressionist artistic movement was in Berlin.

Question 69

The chemical table of elements was developed by Dmitri Mendeleev.

Question 70

The Bon Marché store in Paris catered to the wealthiest clientele with luxury goods.

Question 71

How did psychology develop in the nineteenth century,and why did the questions of human mental functioning emerge as it did?