Deck 4: Connective Tissue

Question 1

Identify the INCORRECT statement

A) Connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts are the dominant tissue component in dense connective tissues.
B) Glycosaminoglycans are a dominant component of connective tissue ground substance
C) The generation of heat by the oxidation of fatty acids is a special feature of brown adipose tissue.
D) The highly viscous character of connective tissue ground substance is largely due to the proteoglycans
E) Type I and type V collagen fibers can be found in dense regular connective tissue and bone

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Connective tissue cells responsible for synthesizing connective tissue proper matrix are

A) Chondroblasts
B) Fibroblasts
C) Mast cells
D) Mesenchymal cells
E) Osteoblasts

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is true of interstitial, rather than appositional, chondrogenesis?

A) Chondroblasts differentiate within the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium
B) Isogenous groups are formed by chondroblast mitosis
C) Interstitial chondrogenesis begins from undifferentiated cells
D) It results in an increase in the diameter or thickness of the cartilage
E) Spindle-shaped cells cluster together in the outer layer of the perichondrium

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the osteon in compact bone?

A) It is composed of concentric lamellae of mineralized material
B) Osteocytes are interconnected by radial canaliculi
C) The central component is the haversian canal that contains blood vessels and nerves
D) The primary cell type within the mineralized bone of the osteon is the osteoclast
E) Volkmann's canals run perpendicular to the diaphysis of the bone

Question 5

Which of the following is true of brown, rather than white, fat?

A) It contains a single lipid droplet formed from the fusion of several droplets
B) It is formed during secondary fat formation
C) It is found primarily in adults
D) It is unilocular
E) It contains collagenase IV

Question 6

Which characteristic is true of BOTH brown and white fat?

A) Cells feature multiple fat-storing vesicles
B) Cells have flattened, peripheral nuclei
C) They are found in the neck and the interscapular region in infants
D) Both are highly vascular
E) Their principal role is in providing cushioning for organs

Question 7

Metastasis can occur when tumor cells release _____, which can dissolve the basement membrane, resulting in the invasion of the tumor into underlying connective tissue.

A) Collagenase I
B) Collagenase IV
C) Gelatinase A
D) Elastase
E) Stromelysin 1

Question 8

Formation of new cartilage along the surface of pre-existing cartilage is termed

A) Appositional growth
B) Endochondral growth
C) Interstitial growth
D) Intramembranous growth
E) Isogenous growth

Question 9

Which of the following characteristics makes cartilage an unusual connective tissue?

A) It functions in mechanical support
B) It has a ground substance
C) It contains both mature and immature cells
D) It is avascular
E) It contains protein fibers

Question 10

What are mature cartilage cells called?

A) Chondroblasts
B) Chondrocytes
C) Chondrogenic cells
D) Osteoblasts
E) Osteocytes

Question 11

Dense regular connective tissue

A) Attaches bone to muscle and bone to bone
B) Is composed of a random arrangement of collagen fibers
C) Is composed primarily of fibroblasts in dense bundles
D) Owes its characteristics to the predominance of collagen II
E) Surrounds the walls of hollow organs

Question 12

Connective tissue called _____ lines the _____ cavity of long bones

A) Endosteum … epiphyseal
B) Endosteum … medullary
C) Perichondrium … medullary
D) Periosteum … diaphyseal
E) Periosteum … medullary

Question 13

The type of fiber that forms a sort of supportive "web" for cells is

A) Elastic
B) Reticular
C) Type I collagen
D) Type II collagen
E) Type IV collagen

Question 14

The shaft of long bones is called the ____ and is composed mostly of ____ bone

A) Diaphysis … compact
B) Diaphysis … spongy
C) Epiphysis … compact
D) Epiphysis … spongy
E) Metaphysis …spongy

Question 15

Which type of cartilage is found in the respiratory tract and the nose?

A) Elastic cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Hyaline cartilage
D) Osteocartilage
E) Pericartilage

Question 16

The type of cartilage found in the external ear is

A) Aurocartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Hyaline cartilage
E) Otocartilage

Question 17

Inflammation is generally a function of which of the following connective tissue cells?

A) Adipocytes
B) Fibroblasts
C) Macrophages
D) Mast cells
E) Pericytes

Question 18

Both mature bone cells and mature cartilage cells are found in chambers called

A) Isogenous groups
B) Lacunae
C) Lamellae
D) Territorial matrices
E) Volkmann's canals

Question 19

Connective tissue is composed of all of the following except

A) Extracellular matrix
B) Fibroblasts
C) Ground substance
D) Junctional complexes
E) Protein fibers

Question 20

Osteons are defined by a central canal surrounded by _____ lamellae.

A) Calcified
B) Concentric
C) Inner circumferential
D) Interstitial
E) Outer circumferential

Question 21

In mature bone, the cell processes of adjacent osteocytes are connected by gap junctions within the _____.

A) Canaliculi
B) Haversian canals
C) Lacunae
D) Lamellae
E) Volkmann's canals

Question 22

Osteoporosis can occur when _____ activity exceeds _____ activity.

A) Osteoblast … osteoclast
B) Osteoclast … osteoblast
C) Osteoclast … osteocyte
D) Osteocyte … osteoblast
E) Osteocyte … osteoclast

Question 23

Which of the following cells is a type of macrophage?

A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Osteogenic cell
E) Osteoprogenitor cell