Deck 12: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Arteries are best described as

A) Thick-walled vessels that carry blood toward the heart
B) Thick-walled vessels that carry oxygenated blood
C) Thin-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart
D) Thin-walled vessels that carry deoxygenated blood
E) Not one of the above is an accurate description of arteries

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Purkinje fibers of the conductive system of the heart are embedded in the

A) Epicardium
B) Myocardium
C) Subendocardium
D) Subepicardium
E) Visceral pericardium

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is not a component of the tunica intima of a muscular artery?

A) Internal elastic lamina
B) Simple squamous epithelia
C) Smooth muscle
D) Subendothelial connective tissue
E) All of the above compose the muscular artery tunica intima

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Lymphatic vessels

A) Are open-ended
B) Eventually drain into one of the subclavian veins
C) Have fewer valves than veins
D) Have simple squamous epithelial cells separated by tight junctions
E) Merge with capillary networks throughout the body

Question 5

Pericytes are found in association with

A) Arterioles
B) Capillaries
C) Elastic arteries
D) Muscular arteries
E) Veins

Question 6

The tunica media

A) Contains collagen and elastic fibers
B) Directly surrounds the lumen of the blood vessel
C) Includes the external elastic lamina
D) Is composed of simple squamous epithelia
E) Is not found in venules, arterioles, or capillaries

Question 7

Moving from the lumen to the external surface of a typical vessel, the layers are

A) Basal lamina → endothelium → subendothelium → internal elastic lamina →smooth muscle → connective tissue → external elastic lamina
B) Endothelium → basal lamina → subendothelium → internal elastic lamina → smooth muscle → external elastic lamina → connective tissue
C) Endothelium → subendothelium → basal lamina → internal elastic lamina → smooth muscle → connective tissue → external elastic lamina
D) Endothelium → subendothelium → basal lamina → smooth muscle → internal elastic lamina → external elastic lamina → connective tissue
E) Internal elastic lamina → endothelium → basal lamina → subendothelium → smooth muscle → connective tissue → external elastic lamina

Question 8

Vessels that regulate blood flow into capillary beds are

A) Arterioles
B) Elastic arteries
C) Muscular arteries
D) Veins
E) Venules

Question 9

In the heart's conduction system, the electrical signal travels from the atrioventricular node to the

A) Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)
B) Bundle branches
C) Junctional fibers
D) Purkinje fibers
E) Sinoatrial node

Question 10

Which of the following is true of angiogenesis rather than vasculogenesis?

A) Capillary sprout is formed following basal laminal degradation of the parent vessel
B) Endothelial capillary tubes are formed following angioblast proliferation
C) Angiogenesis is dependent upon vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2
D) Angiogenesis occurs solely in the embryo
E) Angiogenesis produces new vessels from scratch rather than forming new vessels from pre-existing ones

Question 11

Which of the following statements about veins is false?

A) Layering in the walls is indistinct
B) Most small and medium-sized veins contain valves
C) The lumina are larger than corresponding arteries
D) Vasa vasorum in large veins are less common than in corresponding arteries
E) Walls are thinner than those found in corresponding arteries

Question 12

____ capillaries, found in the pancreas, are highly porous and allow high volumes of fluids to pass through them, whereas ____ capillaries, found in the muscles, consist of more tightly joined cells that allow a high degree of selective materials to pass through them.

A) Continuous, fenestrated
B) Fenestrated, continuous
C) Fenestrated, sinusoidal
D) Sinusoidal, continuous
E) Sinusoidal, fenestrated