Deck 12: The Pancreas

Question 1

The pancreas can be divided into several parts,the largest of which is the:

A) Endocrine part
B) Tail
C) Head
D) Body
E) Accessory part

Answer 1

Head

Question 2

Primary diabetes mellitus is:

A) Caused by viral infection
B) Immune mediated
C) Multifactorial
D) Typically a disease of childhood
E) Caused by pancreatic tumors

Answer 2

Multifactorial

Question 3

Which component of the pancreatic juices acts as a buffer and neutralizes the acidity of the gastric juice?

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Peptidase
D) Gastrin
E) Bicarbonate

Answer 3

Bicarbonate

Question 4

Which of the following is most typical of diabetes mellitus?

A) Oliguria
B) Anuria
C) Polyuria
D) Proteinuria
E) Cylindruria

Question 5

X-ray examination of patients with chronic pancreatitis typically reveals:

A) Edema of the head of the pancreas
B) Swelling of the tail of the pancreas
C) Distention of the papilla of Vater
D) Calcifications of the pancreas
E) Loss of endocrine cells from the pancreas

Question 6

The most prominent histologic feature of chronic pancreatitis is:

A) Metaplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Fibrosis
D) Ongoing necrosis
E) Apoptosis

Question 7

Fat necrosis typically found in and around the pancreas in acute pancreatitis is caused by a release of:

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Peptidase
D) Pepsin
E) Cholecystokinin

Question 8

Which of the following is a late complication of acute pancreatitis?

A) Diverticulosis
B) Amyloidosis
C) Pseudocysts
D) Carcinoma of the ducts of pancreas
E) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Question 9

Which of the following tumors has the highest incidence in 60- to 80-year-old American men?

A) Insulinoma
B) Somatostatinoma
C) Gastrinoma
D) Adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas
E) Adenocarcinoma of the papilla of Vater

Question 10

Which of the following is an early sign of carcinoma of the head of pancreas?

A) Hiccups
B) Gastric regurgitation
C) Jaundice
D) Pain in the left upper abdominal quadrant
E) Ascites

Question 11

Histologically most carcinomas of the pancreas are classified as:

A) Adenocarcinoma
B) Oat cell carcinoma
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Transitional cell carcinoma
E) Acinic cell carcinoma

Question 12

Inadequate secretion of pancreatic digestive juices in chronic pancreatitis causes:

A) Constipation
B) Dilatation of the intestines
C) Atrophy of the mucosa of the small intestine
D) Malabsorption
E) Jaundice

Question 13

Typical pathologic findings in the pancreas affected by acute pancreatitis include all the following except:

A) Edema of the head of the pancreas
B) Hemorrhage into the peripancreatic tissue
C) Necrosis of peripancreatic fat tissue
D) Foci of saponification around the pancreas
E) Bacterial peritonitis

Question 14

Which of the following is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas?

A) Amylase
B) Alkaline phosphatase
C) Somatostatin
D) Cholecystokinin
E) Secretin

Question 15

A small pancreatic benign tumor that causes hypoglycemia and syncope is most likely:

A) Insulinoma
B) Glucagonoma
C) VIPoma
D) Gastrinoma
E) Somatostatinoma

Question 16

Which of the following diagnostic approaches is most reliable for visualizing the carcinoma of the pancreas?

A) Plain abdominal film
B) Computed tomography (CT)scanning
C) Laparoscopy
D) Gastroscopy
E) Colonoscopy

Question 17

Chronic pancreatitis is:

A) More common than acute pancreatitis
B) More common in males than in females
C) Associated with higher mortality than acute pancreatitis
D) Associated with higher levels of amylase in blood than acute pancreatitis
E) More common in children than in adults

Question 18

Functionally most pancreatic carcinomas are characterized by:

A) Hyperinsulinism
B) Excess of glucagon
C) Hypergastrinemia
D) Excess of amylase
E) No hormonal symptoms

Question 19

Which is the most important and most abundant hormone secreted by the pancreas?

A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Somatostatin
D) Gastrin
E) Cholecystokinin

Question 20

Acute pancreatitis can be induced experimentally by all the following except:

A) Cholecystectomy
B) Obstruction of the main pancreatic duct
C) Mechanical disruption of the pancreatic acinar cells
D) Drugs that injure pancreatic acinar cells
E) Injection of bile into the main pancreatic duct

Question 21

Which of the following is the most common form of diabetes mellitus?

A) Insulin-dependent diabetes
B) Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
C) Gestational diabetes
D) Autosomal dominant form of diabetes
E) Autosomal recessive form of diabetes

Question 22

A major biochemical abnormality typical of diabetes mellitus that can be detected by blood analysis is:

A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Hyperamylasemia
D) Hypoalbuminemia
E) Hypercalcemia