Question 1

In contrast to nonfunctioning breasts,the breast of late pregnancy and postpartum period contains:&#10;A) Periareolar ducts&#10;B) Hyperplastic subareolar ducts&#10;C) More connective tissue stroma&#10;D) More epithelial buds&#10;E) Acini

Accepted Answer

Acini are the milk-producing glands of the breast. They are present in the breast of late pregnancy and postpartum period, but not in nonfunctioning breasts.

Question 2

If a woman has a family history of cancer (i.e. ,her mother and her sister had cancer of the breast),her chances of developing breast cancer are:&#10;A) The same as in any other woman&#10;B) Somewhat increased (1 to 2 times)&#10;C) Slightly increased (2 to 3 times)&#10;D) Significantly increased (5 to 6 times)&#10;E) Very high and she will inevitably develop breast cancer

Accepted Answer

Women with a family history of breast cancer have a significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer, with a risk that is 5 to 6 times higher than that of women without a family history. However, it's important to note that having a family history of breast cancer does not necessarily mean that a woman will develop the disease. Regular screening and early detection can help to improve outcomes for women with an increased risk.

Question 3

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast masses has an accuracy of:&#10;A) 100%&#10;B) 95%&#10;C) 75%&#10;D) 50%&#10;E) 25%

Accepted Answer

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast masses has an accuracy of around 95%.

Question 4

A woman who was diagnosed with a stage I breast cancer,with no metastases,underwent a lumpectomy.Her chances of surviving 5 years are:&#10;A) 0%&#10;B) 10%&#10;C) 25%&#10;D) 50%&#10;E) 80%

Accepted Answer

The chances of surviving 5 years after a stage I breast cancer diagnosis are excellent, with survival rates above 80% for most individuals who undergo lumpectomy or mastectomy. The absence of metastases further improves the outlook, as it reduces the risk of cancer spreading to other organs or tissues. Therefore, the best choice is E, with a survival rate of 80%.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common histologic type of breast carcinoma?&#10;A) Medullary carcinoma&#10;B) Mucinous carcinoma&#10;C) Infiltrating duct carcinoma&#10;D) Lobular carcinoma&#10;E) Tubular carcinoma

Accepted Answer

Infiltrating duct carcinoma is the most common histologic type of breast carcinoma, accounting for approximately 70-80% of all cases.

Question 6

All the following are features of fibrocystic disease of the breast except:&#10;A) Fibrosis&#10;B) Cystic change&#10;C) Epithelial cell proliferation&#10;D) Adenosis&#10;E) Cystosarcoma

Accepted Answer

While fibrosis, cystic change, epithelial cell proliferation, and adenosis are all features of fibrocystic disease of the breast, cystosarcoma is not. Cystosarcoma (also known as cystosarcoma phyllodes) is a rare type of breast tumor that arises from the connective tissue (stroma) of the breast, rather than the glandular tissue.

Question 7

Acute mastitis is most often caused by:&#10;A) Staphylococcus&#10;B)E. coli&#10;C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis&#10;D) Herpes virus&#10;E) Toxoplasma gondii

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus is the most common cause of acute mastitis, accounting for 80-90% of cases. E.coli is commonly associated with mastitis in dairy cows, but it is less common in humans. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes virus, and Toxoplasma gondii are not typically associated with acute mastitis.

Question 8

All the following are used successfully in the treatment of breast cancer except:&#10;A) Antiestrogen drugs&#10;B) Cytotoxic drugs&#10;C) Surgery&#10;D) Radiation therapy&#10;E) Hypnosis

Accepted Answer

While hypnosis may be used as a complementary therapy to help manage symptoms such as anxiety and pain, it is not a primary treatment for breast cancer. The primary treatments for breast cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and drug therapy, including antiestrogen drugs and cytotoxic drugs.

Question 9

The breast secretes milk in response to hormonal stimulation with:&#10;A) Estrogen&#10;B) Progesterone&#10;C) Prolactin&#10;D) Oxytocin&#10;E) Aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The answer of The breast secretes milk in response to...

Question 10

Approximately 75% of all the lymph draining from the breast flows into the:&#10;A) Axillary lymph nodes&#10;B) Internal mammary lymph nodes&#10;C) External mammary lymph nodes&#10;D) Substernal lymph nodes&#10;E) Cervical lymph nodes

Accepted Answer

The majority of lymph from the breast drains into the axillary lymph nodes, which are located in the armpit area. This is why sentinel lymph node biopsy, which involves removing a few axillary lymph nodes to check for cancer spread, is a common procedure for breast cancer patients.

Deck 16: The Breast