Question 1

The most important cause of ulcerative keratitis is:&#10;A) CMV&#10;B) Herpesvirus&#10;C) Mumps virus&#10;D) Influenza virus&#10;E) Human papillomavirus

Accepted Answer

Herpesvirus is the most important cause of ulcerative keratitis. It can lead to corneal scarring and even blindness if not treated promptly. CMV, Mumps virus, Influenza virus, and Human papillomavirus are not commonly associated with ulcerative keratitis.

Question 2

A primary malignant tumor of the eye in a 3-month-old child is most likely a:&#10;A) Melanoma&#10;B) Basal cell carcinoma&#10;C) Squamous cell carcinoma&#10;D) Retinoblastoma&#10;E) Glioblastoma

Accepted Answer

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the eye in children, typically occurring before the age of 5. It arises from the immature cells of the retina and can present with leukocoria (white reflex in the eye), strabismus, or vision loss. Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma are more commonly seen in adults, and glioblastoma is a primary malignant tumor of the brain.

Question 3

Which is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor of adults?&#10;A) Meningioma&#10;B) Retinoblastoma&#10;C) Melanoma&#10;D) Angiosarcoma&#10;E) Lymphoma

Accepted Answer

Melanoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor of adults. Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor of children. Meningioma, angiosarcoma, and lymphoma are all rare intraocular tumors.

Question 4

Which of the following diseases is the most important cause of cataracts?&#10;A) Amyloidosis&#10;B) Anthracosis&#10;C) Diabetes mellitus&#10;D) Gout&#10;E) Hyperthyroidism

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus is the most important cause of cataracts. High blood sugar levels in diabetes can lead to damage in the lens of the eye, causing it to become cloudy and leading to cataracts. Amyloidosis, anthracosis, gout, and hyperthyroidism are not significant causes of cataracts.

Question 5

Which of the following disorders has no defined underlying pathologic condition?&#10;A) Glaucoma&#10;B) Myopia&#10;C) Cataract&#10;D) Trachoma&#10;E) Conjunctivitis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following disorders has no...

Question 6

The most common cause of cataracts in the United States is:&#10;A) Old age&#10;B) Trauma&#10;C) Endophthalmitis&#10;D) Trachoma&#10;E) Radiation

Accepted Answer

The most common cause of cataracts in the United States is aging, with over half of all Americans over the age of 80 having cataracts.

Question 7

Allergic conjunctivitis is typically mediated by:&#10;A) T lymphocytes&#10;B) IgA&#10;C) IgE&#10;D) IgG&#10;E) IgM

Accepted Answer

Allergic conjunctivitis is typically mediated by IgE, which results in symptoms such as itching, redness, and tearing of the eyes. IgA, IgG, and IgM are not typically involved in the pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis. T lymphocytes may play a role in the immune response, but they are not the primary mediators.

Question 8

The most important complication of untreated glaucoma is:&#10;A) Conjunctivitis&#10;B) Keratitis&#10;C) Iridocyclitis&#10;D) Retinitis&#10;E) Loss of eyesight

Accepted Answer

The most important complication of untreated glaucoma is loss of eyesight. Glaucoma can cause irreversible damage to the optic nerve, leading to vision loss and even blindness if not treated.

Question 9

Hard exudates,macular stars,and papilledema caused by arterial hypertension are best diagnosed by:&#10;A) Measuring the intraocular pressure&#10;B) Ophthalmoscopic examination of the fundus&#10;C) Measuring of the pupillary reflexes&#10;D) Measuring the vision with vision charts&#10;E) Biopsy of the cornea

Accepted Answer

Examination of the fundus of the eye with an ophthalmoscope is the most appropriate test to diagnose hard exudates, macular stars, and papilledema. These findings are characteristic of hypertensive retinopathy, which is caused by hypertension. The other options listed are not useful for diagnosing hypertensive retinopathy.

Question 10

The sensory innermost layer of the eye composed of rods and cones is called:&#10;A) Iris&#10;B) Cornea&#10;C) Sclera&#10;D) Retina&#10;E) Choroid

Accepted Answer

The retina is the sensory innermost layer of the eye and contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones, which convert light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The iris regulates the amount of light entering the eye, the cornea is the clear outer layer that refracts light onto the lens, the sclera is the white, tough outer layer that provides protection and structure to the eye, and the choroid is the vascular layer that supplies blood to the retina.

Question 11

Which part of the eye is usually affected by chemical injury with exogenous caustic substances?&#10;A) Cornea&#10;B) Iris&#10;C) Posterior chamber&#10;D) Optic nerve&#10;E) Retina

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which part of the eye is usually...

Question 12

Senile macular degeneration of elderly persons,a common cause of blindness,is:&#10;A) Immune mediated&#10;B) Caused by diabetes&#10;C) Of unknown pathogenesis&#10;D) Found only in myopic persons&#10;E) Caused by high blood pressure

Accepted Answer

The answer of Senile macular degeneration of elderly persons,a common...

Question 13

Which of the following is found in all patients with glaucoma?&#10;A) Myopia&#10;B) Mydriasis&#10;C) Hypermetropia&#10;D) Opacities of the lens&#10;E) Increased intraocular pressure

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is found in...

Deck 22: The Eye