Question 1

Earwax is secreted by:&#10;A) Lacrimal glands&#10;B) Ceruminous glands&#10;C) Auditory ossicles&#10;D) Cochlea&#10;E) Eustachian tube

Accepted Answer

Earwax, also known as cerumen, is secreted by the ceruminous glands present in the ear canal.

Question 2

The most typical feature of M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease is:&#10;A) Deafness&#10;B) Vertigo&#10;C) Strabismus&#10;D) Otosclerosis&#10;E) Acoustic hallucinations

Accepted Answer

The most typical feature of Ménière's disease is vertigo, which is characterized by intense dizziness or spinning sensation. Other features may include tinnitus (ringing in the ears), fluctuating hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the affected ear. Strabismus and otosclerosis are not typically associated with Ménière's disease, and acoustic hallucinations are not a common feature.

Question 3

Neural hearing loss is a feature of:&#10;A) Otosclerosis&#10;B) Cholesteatoma&#10;C) Otitis media&#10;D) Multiple sclerosis&#10;E) Presbycusis

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Question 4

Tympanic cavity is part of the:&#10;A) Auricle&#10;B) External ear&#10;C) Auditory meatus&#10;D) Middle ear&#10;E) Internal ear

Accepted Answer

The tympanic cavity is part of the middle ear, along with the auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) and the eustachian tube.

Question 5

Malleus,incus,and stapes are located in the:&#10;A) Auricle&#10;B) Auditory canal&#10;C) Middle ear&#10;D) Inner ear&#10;E) Externally to the eardrum

Accepted Answer

The malleus, incus, and stapes are the three small bones in the middle ear commonly known as the ossicles. They are responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.

Question 6

Sensory hearing loss of unknown etiology that affects elderly persons is called:&#10;A) Glaucoma&#10;B) Otosclerosis&#10;C) Presbycusis&#10;D) M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease&#10;E) Vertigo

Accepted Answer

Presbycusis is a form of hearing loss that occurs gradually over time as a result of aging. It is most commonly seen in elderly individuals and is characterized by a decreased ability to hear high-pitched sounds.

Question 7

Otosclerosis involves all the following except:&#10;A) Malleus&#10;B) Incus&#10;C) Stapes&#10;D) Oval window&#10;E) Acoustic nerve

Accepted Answer

Otosclerosis is a condition in which there is abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that results in hearing loss. It typically affects the three small bones (ossicles) of the middle ear, including the malleus, incus, and stapes. It can also affect the oval window, which is the membrane-covered opening that separates the middle ear from the inner ear. However, it does not involve the acoustic nerve, which is part of the inner ear and is responsible for transmitting sound from the cochlea to the brain.

Question 8

Which of the following tumors may cause vertigo?&#10;A) Squamous cell carcinoma of the auricle&#10;B) Basal cell carcinoma of the external ear&#10;C) Schwannoma of the VIII nerve&#10;D) Neurilemoma of the VII nerve&#10;E) Pituitary adenoma

Accepted Answer

Schwannoma of the VIII nerve, also known as an acoustic neuroma or vestibular schwannoma, can cause symptoms of vertigo and dizziness due to its location near the vestibulocochlear nerve, which is responsible for balance and hearing. The other tumors listed are unlikely to cause vertigo as they do not involve the vestibular system.

Question 9

Sensory hearing loss may be a consequence of:&#10;A) Perforation of tympanic membrane&#10;B) Infection of the external auditory canal&#10;C) Cholesteatoma&#10;D) Noise trauma&#10;E) Laceration of the auricle

Accepted Answer

Sensory hearing loss is primarily caused by damage to the hair cells in the inner ear, usually from exposure to loud noises that result in noise-induced hearing loss.

Question 10

Conductive hearing loss may be caused by:&#10;A) Impacted cerumen&#10;B) Streptomycin&#10;C) Antimalarial drugs&#10;D) Tumor of the acoustic nerve&#10;E) Brain injury

Accepted Answer

Impacted cerumen or earwax buildup can cause conductive hearing loss by blocking sound waves from reaching the inner ear. This can often be resolved by simply removing the earwax.

Answer: B, C
 Both Streptomycin (an antibiotic) and antimalarial drugs can cause hearing loss as a potential side effect. These drugs can damage the hair cells or nerves within the inner ear, leading to different types of hearing loss including conductive.

Answer: D
 A tumor of the acoustic (or vestibular) nerve can cause conductive hearing loss because the tumor can put pressure on the nerve, blocking sound from reaching the brain. This type of hearing loss is known as neurosensory, as it affects the nerves responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain.

Answer: E
 Brain injury can cause conductive hearing loss if the injury affects the auditory pathways or the areas of the brain responsible for processing sound. This is known as central hearing loss, which can also affect a person's ability to understand speech, even if their hearing is otherwise intact.

Deck 23: The Ear