Deck 10: Disorders Involving Gender and Sexuality

Question 1

In transgendered individuals, gender dysphoria is ___________.

A) always present
B) not always present
C) a co-occurring feature for males but not for females
D) a co-occurring feature for females but not for males

Answer 1

not always present

Question 2

Which of the following is a key feature of gender dysphoria in childhood?

A) feelings of acceptance of one's sexual anatomy
B) trying to fit in by wearing the clothing of the same sex
C) trying to fit in by playing with the toys of the same sex
D) strong desire to have the physical characteristics associated with one's experienced gender

Answer 2

strong desire to have the physical characteristics associated with one's experienced gender

Question 3

The term gender identity disorder was replaced in DSM-5 with a new diagnostic term, gender dysphoria, to emphasize which of the following?

A) The discomfort or distress that transgender people may experience from the mismatch between their gender identity and their designated gender.
B) The loss of cultural interactions privileges associated with their previous sex.
C) The difficulty in choosing the sex of partners to form relationships and become intimate with.
D) The inability for transgender individuals to be able to become comfortable with any aspect of their identity at any point in their lives.

Answer 3

The discomfort or distress that transgender people may experience from the mismatch between their gender identity and their designated gender.

Question 4

Which of the following are societal expectations of behavior appropriate for men and women?

A) Gender roles
B) Sex roles
C) Transgender roles
D) Dysphoria roles

Question 5

The term ____refers to the biological division between males and females of a species.

A) gender
B) homosexuality
C) heterosexuality
D) sex

Question 6

Jayne Thomas had gender reassignment surgery because______.

A) she was born without a full penis
B) she feared becoming a rapist if she maintained the male role
C) she had been uncomfortable with her male sex
D) she knew that she could never become a father in her role as a man

Question 7

In ______, there is a conflict between one's anatomic sex and one's gender identity.

A) a gay or lesbian sexual orientation
B) a bisexual sexual orientation
C) transvestic fetishism
D) gender dysphoria

Question 8

Your text suggests that the distress that transgendered persons experience is not a direct consequence of inner conflicts over their sexual orientation, but is_________________________.

A) acknowledging the difficult and evitable surgical transition
B) coming to terms with not being able to biologically reproduce
C) an understandable response to the negative treatment they receive from others
D) adjusting to the loss of cultural privileges associated with their former sex

Question 9

Which of the following persons is most likely to undergo sex-reassignment surgery?

A) A transsexual person
B) A gay male or lesbian
C) A person who suffers from transvestic fetishism
D) A bisexual individual

Question 10

The term gender identity disorder was replaced in DSM-5 with which of the following new diagnostic term?

A) Gender dysphoria,
B) Multiple gender disorder
C) Transvestism
D) Multiple personality disorder

Question 11

Some preliterate societies in Africa and South America view ______ as deviant.

A) kissing
B) masturbation
C) holding hands
D) lip piercing

Question 12

Timmy is a nine-year-old boy who thinks that he should have been born a girl and who likes to wear girls' clothes and play with dolls. He gets teased and criticized a great deal. Which statement is most likely to fit Timmy's situation?

A) He does not have a diagnosable psychiatric disorder and probably never will.
B) He does not have a current diagnosable psychiatric disorder but it will be diagnosed if he continues this behavior past the age of 12.
C) He could currently be diagnosed with gender dysphoria.
D) He would be diagnosed with a childhood adjustment disorder if a teacher recognizes that he is unhappy in school.

Question 13

Transgender individuals are also referred to as __________.

A) transvestites
B) homosexuals
C) bisexuals
D) transsexuals

Question 14

__________ is a psychosocial concept distinguishing maleness from femaleness.

A) Gender
B) Sex
C) Homosexuality
D) Tomboy

Question 15

Before her gender reassignment surgery, Jayne Thomas had done all of the following

A) fathering children
B) obtaining a Ph.D.
C) being a champion athlete
D) being a television star

Question 16

The textbook suggests ______ give us reason to question the validity of conceptualizing a transgender identity as a type of psychological disorder.

A) cultural variations in gender roles and identities
B) biological similarities between males and females
C) the increase in rates of homosexuality
D) the decrease of male birth rates in the human species

Question 17

People with a __________have the psychological sense of belonging to one gender while possessing the sexual organs of the other.

A) transgender identity
B) homosexuality
C) transvestite identity
D) sex organ differentiation

Question 18

After her gender reassignment, Jayne Thomas found that her forceful and impassioned presentations in her work as a banking consultant were viewed as ______ in comparison
To presentations that she had made as a man.

A) about the same
B) liabilities
C) strengths
D) less intelligent

Question 19

Gender dysphoria often begins during which period of the lifespan?

A) Childhood
B) Immediately after birth
C) Early 20's
D) Early 30's

Question 20

Our psychological sense of being male or female is called our ______.

A) sex role
B) sexual orientation
C) gender identity
D) sexual preference

Question 21

In explaining gender identity disorder in males, one factor that both psychodynamic and learning theorists cite is ______.

A) maternal hostility
B) paternal hostility
C) maternal absence
D) paternal absence

Question 22

Of the concerns listed below, which sexual complaint is most often reported by women?

A) reaching orgasm too quickly
B) inability to attain orgasm
C) partners unable to satisfy sexual needs for pleasure
D) interference from ovulation and other monthly cycles

Question 23

Disorders that are characterized by problems with sexual interest, arousal, or response are classified as _______.

A) sexual dysfunctions
B) paraphilias
C) performance disorders
D) response-cycle disorders

Question 24

Sexual dysfunctions that begin following a period of normal functioning are labeled ______ dysfunctions.

A) acquired
B) situational
C) lifelong
D) generalized

Question 25

Sexual dysfunctions that occur in some situations but not in others are labeled ______dysfunctions.

A) acquired
B) situational
C) lifelong
D) generalized

Question 26

Women are about ______ as likely as men to experience problems with a deficiency or lack of sexual interest or drive.

A) half
B) equally
C) more
D) ten times

Question 27

Sexual dysfunctions are ______, and ______ people seek treatment for these problems.

A) rare, few
B) widespread, few
C) rare, most
D) widespread, most

Question 28

Sexual dysfunctions that occur in all situations and at all times are labeled ______ dysfunctions.

A) acquired
B) situational
C) lifelong
D) generalized

Question 29

Research on the postoperative adjustment of those who obtain sexual reassignment surgery finds ______.

A) in general, neither male-to-female nor female-to-male transitioners have successful postoperative adjustment
B) male-to-female transitions tend to have more favorable postoperative adjustment than female-to-male transitions
C) female-to-male tend to have more favorable postoperative adjustment than male-to-female
D) both male-to-female and female-to-male transitioners have equally high rates of successful postoperative adjustment

Question 30

Currently, researchers suspect that gender identity disorders develop as a result of the interaction between the developing brain and the release of ______ during prenatal development.

A) virulent antibodies
B) stress hormones
C) male sex hormones
D) prostaglandins

Question 31

Psychodynamic theorists point to which of the following as being involved with the development of gender identity disorder?

A) extremely close father-daughter relationships
B) absent fathers (with sons) or demanding, controlling mothers (with daughters)
C) gay male fathers (with sons) or lesbian mothers (with daughters)
D) empty relationships with one's parents

Question 32

Sexual dysfunctions that have existed throughout an individual's lifetime, and the person has never achieved normal functioning, are labeled ______ dysfunctions.

A) acquired
B) situational
C) lifetime
D) generalized

Question 33

Which sexual complaint is most often reported by men?

A) reaching orgasm too quickly
B) uncontrollable sexual desire
C) difficulty achieving an erection
D) lack of sexual pleasure

Question 34

Steve has experienced premature ejaculation with every sexual partner he has ever had. His sexual dysfunction is ______.

A) acquired
B) lifelong
C) situational
D) undifferentiated

Question 35

Dave struggles with difficulty achieving orgasm every time he engages in any sexual form of sexual activity. His sexual dysfunction is ______.

A) acquired
B) undifferentiated
C) situational
D) generalized

Question 36

Claude, who was formerly Claudia, probably began developing his gender identity disorder ______.

A) in very early childhood
B) around the Oedipal period
C) during latency
D) at the onset of puberty

Question 37

Learning theories suggest each of the following as a potential cause of gender identity disorder

A) overbearing relationships with parents
B) lack of positive reinforcement from the mother
C) being reared by parents who wanted children of the other gender
D) growing up as a child of divorce

Question 38

Phil used to have normal sexual desire, but since his divorce his desire has diminished to the point of being nonexistent. His sexual dysfunction is ______.

A) acquired
B) lifelong
C) situational
D) undifferentiated

Question 39

Evidence links high levels of _______during prenatal development to more masculinized play in children.

A) estrogen
B) mercury
C) testosterone
D) calcium

Question 40

Transgendered individuals who have undergone sexual reassignment are often referred to as ________.

A) gender role transitioners
B) transindentifiers
C) transsexuals
D) reassigned transformers

Question 41

According to prevalence rates derived from Lewis et al., the rate for Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder is reported to be about ______ percent for women.

A) 2-12
B) 80-90
C) 65-80
D) 10-55

Question 42

According to prevalence rates derived from Lewis et al., the rate for Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder is reported to be about ______ percent for men.

A) 2-5
B) 8-25
C) 25-40
D) 50-60

Question 43

In females, reduced levels of sexual interest and drive as well as reduced sexual arousal during sexual activity are known as ______ disorders.

A) female sexual interest/arousal disorder
B) unorthodox sexual desire
C) orgasm
D) sexual pain

Question 44

Women with ____________have reduced levels of sexual interest or drive as well as absent or reduced sexual arousal during sexual activity.

A) female sexual interest/arousal disorder
B) erectile disorder
C) female orgasmic disorder
D) transgender disorder

Question 45

About ______ percent of males in their 60s report erectile disorder.

A) 1-100
B) 10-20
C) 20-40
D) 80-90

Question 46

In men, which of the following is a marked delay in reaching orgasm in men or an infrequency or absence of orgasm following a normal level of sexual interest and arousal and without the person desiring a delay?

A) premature ejaculation
B) dysphoria disorder
C) delayed ejaculation
D) erectile disorder

Question 47

In ___________there is a marked delay in reaching orgasm in women or an infrequency or absence of orgasm following a normal level of sexual interest and arousal and without the person desiring a delay.

A) female orgasmic disorder
B) transgender disorder
C) delayed ejaculation
D) erectile disorder

Question 48

The DSM-5 expanded the criteria for female orgasmic disorder to include cases in which women__________.

A) experience a sharp reduction in the intensity of orgasmic sensations
B) experience too intense of an orgasm
C) experience multiple orgasms
D) do not experience orgasm

Question 49

The diagnosis for erectile disorder requires the problem be present for a period of about ___months or longer and that it occurs on or about _____ percent of occasions of sexual activity.

A) 1; 25
B) 2; 50
C) 6; 75
D) 12; 75

Question 50

In order to be assigned a diagnosis of genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder, the afflicted woman _________.

A) has never experienced an orgasm
B) has a physical anomaly that is contributing to the pain she experiences
C) has no medical explanation for her pain, thus the condition is determined to be psychological
D) is not sexually attracted to her partner

Question 51

Men with delayed ejaculation are generally ___________but have difficulty ________________.

A) able to ejaculate through masturbation; achieving ejaculation during intercourse with a partner
B) able to achieve ejaculation during intercourse with a partner; unable to achieve ejaculation through masturbation
C) to have an orgasm; producing ejaculate
D) able to ejaculate; gaining an initial erection

Question 52

Occasional experiences of rapid ejaculation, such as when a man is with a new partner, has had infrequent sexual contacts, or is very highly aroused, are___________.

A) not considered normal
B) not considered abnormal
C) suggestive of erectile disorder
D) indicate the presence of male hyposexual disorder

Question 53

Women with female sexual interest/arousal disorder may also have few if any _______during sexual activity.

A) reproductive capability
B) genital sensations
C) visual capabilities
D) motor function

Question 54

Rich has no interest in sex at all. He has no sexual fantasies and no desire to engage in sexual activity. While he does not find sex disgusting or revolting, he does not understand what others
Find so exciting about it. He feels just fine remaining celibate. If these issues begin to cause Rich distress or interfere with his relationships, he may be diagnosed with _______.

A) dyspareunia
B) sexual aversion disorder
C) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
D) male erectile disorder

Question 55

The most commonly reported form of sexual dysfunction in men is ______.

A) hypoactive sexual desire disorder
B) premature ejaculation
C) genitor-pelvic pain
D) vaginismus

Question 56

A sexual dysfunction in which men have a persistent lack of sexual desire or recurrent lack of sexual interest or sexual fantasies is ______.

A) sexual aversion disorder
B) sexual apathy disorder
C) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
D) frigidity

Question 57

Men with ________persistently have little, if any, desire for sexual activity or may lack sexual or erotic thoughts or fantasies.

A) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
B) gender dysphoria
C) gender identity disorder
D) erectile disorder

Question 58

The risk of developing erectile disorder________.

A) varies little across adult male age groups
B) increases through middle age and levels off
C) decreases with age
D) increases with age

Question 59

Men with ______may have difficulty achieving an erection or maintaining an erection to the completion of sexual activity, or have erections that lack the rigidity needed to perform effectively.

A) erectile disorder (ED)
B) orgasm disorder
C) penile disorder
D) sexual arousal disorder

Question 60

Amber has never developed any interest in sex. She does not experience sexual fantasies. Her boyfriend cannot understand her attitude, and he is becoming frustrated by it. When he and
Amber consult with a psychologist about the issue, Amber is likely to be diagnosed as having
The DSM-5 diagnosis of ______.

A) sexual aversion disorder
B) sexual apathy disorder
C) female sexual interest/arousal disorder
D) frigidity

Question 61

Although Mona constantly fantasizes about having sex with her husband and she has no problem becoming vaginally lubricated during intercourse, she is unable to reach sexual
Climax no matter how long she is sexually stimulated. Her disorder is ______.

A) dyspareunia
B) vaginismus
C) female sexual arousal disorder
D) female orgasmic disorder

Question 62

According to the text, conditioned anxiety resulting from ________may lead to problems with sexual arousal or achieving orgasm or lead to pain in women during penetration.

A) a history of sexual trauma or rape
B) not enough protein in the diet
C) excessive caffeine use
D) excessive sexual activity

Question 63

Which of the following disorders applies to women who experience sexual pain and/or difficulty engaging in vaginal intercourse or penetration?

A) Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
B) Intercourse aversion disorder
C) Orgasmic disorder
D) Gender identity disorder

Question 64

Men suffering from delayed ejaculation ______.

A) cannot achieve orgasm through masturbation or sexual intercourse
B) can usually achieve orgasm through masturbation but not through sexual intercourse
C) can usually achieve orgasm through sexual intercourse but not through masturbation
D) achieve orgasm before penetration when attempting sexual intercourse

Question 65

People who have an excessive concern about the ability to perform successfully during sexual activity are often troubled by ______.

A) performance anxiety
B) castration anxiety
C) hypoactive sexual desire
D) sexual pain disorders

Question 66

Janet has always enjoyed sex, but lately, every time she has intercourse she feels sharp pains. . It has rapidly taken the enjoyment out of her sexual activity. Her disorder is ______.

A) female orgasmic disorder
B) hypoactive sexual desire disorder
C) sexual aversion disorder
D) genito-pelvic pain/ penetration disorder

Question 67

Over the last several months, every time Lucia has attempted sexual intercourse she has experienced spasms of the muscles surrounding her vagina, making intercourse painful
Or impossible. Her disorder is ______.

A) dyspareunia
B) vaginismus
C) female sexual arousal disorder
D) sexual aversion disorder

Question 68

The most common form of sexual dysfunction in men is ______.

A) sexual erectile disorder
B) dyspareunia
C) male orgasmic disorder
D) premature ejaculation

Question 69

Men with delayed ejaculation usually ______ reach orgasm through masturbation and ______ achieve orgasm through sexual intercourse.

A) cannot, cannot
B) can, cannot
C) cannot, can
D) can, can

Question 70

Josh can achieve orgasm through masturbation, but even though he is thoroughly aroused by his girlfriend he is unable to reach orgasm through intercourse with her. His sexual
Dysfunction is ______.

A) male erectile disorder
B) dyspareunia
C) delayed ejaculation
D) male sexual desire disorder

Question 71

Although Clark constantly fantasizes about having sex with his wife, when he actually attempts intercourse, he cannot maintain an erection. This has been a persistent problem
For several months now. His disorder is ______.

A) dyspareunia
B) hypoactive sexual desire
C) male erectile disorder
D) male orgasmic disorder

Question 72

For a diagnosis of a sexual dysfunction, the disorder must cause ________.

A) significant distress or impairment in functioning
B) a threat to one's health
C) a deviation from the norm
D) a loss of income

Question 73

Persistent or recurrent pain experienced during or following sexual intercourse is ______.

A) hyperactive sexual response
B) hypoactive sexual response
C) genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
D) the phi phenomenon

Question 74

Joe is having difficulties with his sex life because he climaxes just seconds after he enters his partner. Sometimes he climaxes even before he enters his partner. His disorder is ______.

A) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
B) male orgasmic disorder
C) premature ejaculation
D) male erectile disorder

Question 75

As cited in the textbook, Laurent & Simons (2009) found that other psychological problems, such as__________, can also result in sexual dysfunctions involving impaired sexual interest, arousal, or response.

A) depression and anxiety
B) learning disabilities
C) bipolar disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 76

The involuntary spasm of the muscles surrounding the vagina when vaginal penetration is attempted, making sexual intercourse difficult or impossible, is known as ______.

A) vaginismus
B) dyspareunia
C) the phi phenomenon
D) congenital infarction

Question 77

In men, a sexual dysfunction characterized by an inability to achieve or maintain the physiological responses involved in sexual arousal or excitement is known as ______ disorder.

A) erectile
B) gender desire
C) male orgasm
D) sexual pain

Question 78

Maria does not fantasize about sex and has a lack of sexual desire, when she and her husband attempt to have intercourse. This has been a persistent problem for several months now. Her disorder is ______.

A) dyspareunia
B) vaginismus
C) female orgasmic disorder
D) female sexual interest/arousal disorder

Question 79

The major contemporary _______views of sexual dysfunctions emphasize the roles of anxiety, lack of sexual skills, irrational beliefs, perceived causes of events, and relationship problems.

A) psychological perspectives
B) biological perspective
C) social perspective
D) cultural perspective

Question 80

Which statement about disorders of interest and arousal is true?

A) Women with the disorder experience a more active sex life.
B) In men, sexual interest or arousal disorder is very rare.
C) Clinicians agree on criteria for determining the level of sexual desire considered "normal."
D) For men, occasional problems in achieving or maintaining erection are common due to fatigue, alcohol, and anxiety with a new partner.