Deck 8: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Question 1

The chemical actions of psychoactive drugs which result in a person feeling "drunk" or "high" are called substance ______.

A) tolerance
B) intoxication
C) withdrawal
D) potentiation

Answer 1

intoxication

Question 2

__________ is a state of mental confusion characterized by incoherent speech, disorientation, and extreme restlessness.

A) Cross-tolerance
B) Delirium
C) Amnesia
D) Dementia

Answer 2

Delirium

Question 3

Alvin drank alcohol chronically for years until he developed a type of dementia called Korsakoff's syndrome. His dementia would be classified by the DSM-5 as a ______ disorder.

A) substance induced
B) substance use
C) substance reaction
D) psychoactive

Answer 3

substance induced

Question 4

The DSM-5 classifies substance-related disorders into ______ major categories.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 5

Gina has been using heroin for two years. Lately, she has found she must inject higher and higher dosages of the drug to get the same "high" she has come to expect from her drug use.
Her need for higher dosages is best described as ______.

A) dependence
B) addiction
C) tolerance
D) potentiation

Question 6

Abstinence syndrome is another name for ______.

A) dependence
B) withdrawal
C) addiction
D) potentiation

Question 7

Which of the following represent withdrawal symptoms from alcohol abuse?

A) dryness in the mouth
B) low blood pressure
C) hyperactivity
D) low respiration rate

Question 8

Which of the following is known to produce a withdrawal syndrome?.

A) PCP
B) marijuana
C) LSD
D) inhalants

Question 9

__________ is a substance-induced disorder involving a cluster of symptoms that occur when a person abruptly stops using a particular substance following a period of prolonged and heavy use.

A) Tolerance
B) Intoxication
C) Withdrawal
D) Potentiation

Question 10

Physical habituation to a drug so that frequent usage necessitates higher and higher dosages to attain similar effects is called ______.

A) dependence
B) tolerance
C) addiction
D) potentiation

Question 11

According to the DSM-5, ______are patterns of maladaptive use of psychoactive substances that lead to significant levels of impaired functioning or personal distress.

A) substance use
B) substance induced
C) substance reaction
D) psychoactive

Question 12

The DSM-5 diagnosis of a substance use disorder requires _________specific features or symptoms occurring during the preceding ________period.

A) two or more; six month
B) three or more; six months
C) three or more; one year
D) two or more; one year

Question 13

The "DTs" are usually limited to ______ who dramatically ______ their intake of alcohol.

A) casual drinkers, increase
B) moderate drinkers, increase
C) chronic sufferers of alcoholism, increase
D) chronic sufferers of alcoholism, decrease

Question 14

The two substances that have caused the most death through sickness and accident are ______.

A) heroin and cocaine
B) opium and heroin
C) alcohol and cocaine
D) alcohol and tobacco

Question 15

According to the DSM-5, the two main types of ______ disorders include substance intoxication and substance withdrawal.

A) substance use
B) substance induced
C) substance reaction
D) psychoactive

Question 16

Which of the following psychoactive substances can lead to withdrawal syndrome when use is discontinued?

A) LSD
B) opioids
C) phencyclidine (PCP)
D) inhalants

Question 17

Theresa suffers from alcoholism. When she goes too long without a drink she begins to feel anxious, physically weak, and agitated. Often, she begins shaking and can feel her heart racing. Theresa's
Symptoms are typical of what is called ______.

A) dependence
B) tolerance
C) addiction
D) abstinence syndrome

Question 18

In the United States, 1 in _________ adults smoke cigarettes.

A) 2
B) 5
C) 8
D) 11

Question 19

Burt has just gone "on the wagon" and has quit using alcohol "cold turkey." He is now experiencing sweating, tachycardia, mental confusion, incoherent speech, disorientation,
Terrifying hallucinations, and extreme restlessness. His symptoms are typical of ______.

A) alcohol overdose
B) alcohol tolerance
C) delirium tremens
D) hypnagogic shock

Question 20

Chronic, heavy users of alcohol who dramatically lower their alcohol intake after many years of heavy drinking may enter a withdrawal state known as ______.

A) delirium tremens
B) disorientation
C) tachycardia
D) potentiation

Question 21

Jim drinks alcohol and occasionally drives while intoxicated above what is considered the legal limit. His use of alcohol in situations that pose a risk to his or others' safety would warrant the DSM-5 diagnosis of ______.

A) substance dependence disorder
B) substance abuse disorder
C) substance misuse disorder
D) substance use disorder

Question 22

The pathway to drug dependence includes all but which of the following stages?

A) experimentation
B) routine use
C) addiction or dependence
D) toxic use

Question 23

People who use drugs to "feel good" on an occasional basis and believe they are in control and can stop at any time are on the ______ pathway to drug dependence.

A) routine use
B) addiction or dependence
C) experimentation
D) toxic use

Question 24

The DSM-5 allows clinicians to designate the severity of substance use disorders by specifying whether they are _________.

A) mild, moderate, or chronic
B) intermittent, continuous, or addicted
C) normal, mild, or severe
D) mild, moderate, or severe

Question 25

Sophie has used heroin to the point that she has developed a tolerance to it and experiences withdrawal symptoms when she tries to quit using it. She has become ______ heroin.

A) psychologically dependent on
B) physiologically dependent on
C) emotionally dependent on
D) psychologically abusive of

Question 26

In the DSM-5, tolerance and withdrawal syndromes are associated with ______

A) substance addiction disorders.
B) substance dependence disorders.
C) substance use disorders.
D) substance misuse disorders.

Question 27

According to the DSM-5, substance abuse and substance dependence are no longer considered distinct categories and are both classified as______ disorders.

A) substance use
B) substance induced
C) substance reaction
D) psychoactive

Question 28

Jan has used cocaine to the point where she has impaired control over her use of it. While she experiences no withdrawal symptoms when she stops using it, she wants it so badly she cannot
She has become ______ cocaine.

A) psychologically dependent on
B) physiologically dependent on
C) physiologically abusive of
D) emotionally attached to

Question 29

When people begin to structure their lives around the pursuit and use of drugs, they are on the ______ pathway to drug dependence.

A) experimentation
B) addiction or dependence
C) routine use
D) toxic use

Question 30

An estimated ______ percent of adults in the United States develop a substance abuse disorder at some point in their lives.

A) 1
B) 10
C) 20
D) 30

Question 31

The DSM-5 uses the term "substance use disorder" rather than the term "addictive disorder" because______ .

A) the use of the term addiction is rarely used by professionals
B) the use of the term addiction is rarely used by laypeople
C) the term addiction is less stigmatizing
D) the term substance use disorder is less stigmatizing

Question 32

When people feel powerless to resist drugs, either because they want to experience the effects of the drugs or they want to avoid the consequences of withdrawal, they are on the ______
Pathway of drug dependence.

A) toxic use
B) addiction or dependence
C) routine use
D) experimentation

Question 33

The DSM-5 includes ________.as a new diagnostic category under Substance Use and Addictive Disorders.

A) kleptomania
B) gambling disorder
C) sexual addiction
D) pyromania

Question 34

African Americans and Latinos have ________ rates of substance use disorders compared to European Americans.

A) much higher
B) higher
C) about the same
D) lower

Question 35

______ means that one's body has changed as a result of regular usage of a substance, as shown by the development of tolerance for the substance, by a withdrawal syndrome, or both.

A) Psychological dependence
B) Physiological dependence
C) Potentiation
D) Emotional dependence

Question 36

Which of the following is true?

A) Persons can become psychologically dependent on drugs in the absence of emotional dependence.
B) Persons cannot become physically dependent on drugs in the absence of psychological dependence.
C) Persons cannot become simultaneously psychologically and physically dependent on drugs.
D) Persons who are physically dependent on drugs are by definition also psychologically dependent.

Question 37

In the DSM-5, having persistent problems cutting back or controlling alcohol use despite wanting to do so is a symptom of a substance ______.

A) dependence disorder.
B) withdrawal disorder.
C) use disorder.
D) misuse disorder.

Question 38

The habitual or compulsive use of a drug that is accompanied by signs of physiological dependence is called ______.

A) substance misuse
B) substance abuse
C) tolerance
D) addiction

Question 39

Withdrawal symptoms in individuals with nonchemical addictions are typically________.

A) physiological
B) psychological
C) physiological and psychological
D) nonexistent

Question 40

Which of the following is no longer considered an Impulse Control Disorder in the DSM-5?

A) kleptomania
B) shopping addiction
C) sexual addiction
D) gambling disorder

Question 41

Of the 100,000 people in the U.S. who die from alcohol-related causes each year, the most frequent are from motor vehicle accidents and alcohol-related______.

A) arson
B) homicides
C) diseases
D) suicides

Question 42

The highest rates of alcohol use and highest proportions of problem drinkers occurs in the ______ age rage.

A) 18 to 24
B) 25-30
C) 20 to 40
D) 40 to 45

Question 43

The most widely held view of alcoholism is the ______ model.

A) addiction
B) psychological
C) physical
D) disease

Question 44

Drugs of abuse are classified within three major groupings. Which of the following is one of the groupings?

A) depressants
B) anesthetics
C) cholengerics
D) neuroleptics

Question 45

More teenagers and young adults die from______ than from any other cause.

A) suicide
B) violent crime
C) illicit drug use
D) alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents

Question 46

Alcohol is implicated in about one in ______ deaths due to unintentional injury, such as motor vehicle accidents.

A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five

Question 47

Jay uses drugs at parties, and sometimes at home. He does not use them daily, only on "special" occasions. The drugs make him feel good, even euphoric at times, but the effects do
Not last. He feels in control and believes he can stop at any time. He is in the ______ stage of
Drug dependence.

A) experimentation
B) routine use
C) addiction or dependence
D) toxic use

Question 48

Alcohol is classified a depressant and has biochemical effects similar to those of a class of antianxiety drugs that would include which of the following?

A) MAO inhibitors
B) SSRIs
C) Phenothiazines
D) Benzodiazepines

Question 49

Depressants generally act by curbing the activity of the ______.

A) central nervous system
B) peripheral nervous system
C) parasympathetic system
D) endocrine system

Question 50

Alcohol has biochemical effects similar to those of a class of ______.

A) antidepressants
B) anticoagulants
C) minor tranquilizers
D) major tranquilizers

Question 51

Alcohol is implicated in about one in ______ reported suicides.

A) three
B) five
C) seven
D) nine

Question 52

The most widely abused substance in the world is ______.

A) alcohol
B) heroin
C) nicotine
D) opium

Question 53

Alcohol is classified as a(n) ______.

A) depressant
B) stimulant
C) hallucinogenic
D) opiate

Question 54

The most widely abused substance in the United States is ______.

A) alcohol
B) heroin
C) nicotine
D) marijuana

Question 55

Tony has begun to structure his life around the pursuit and use of drugs. He denies that he has a problem and tries to cover up the behavioral problems he is having because of his drug
Use) His friends and family now take a distant second place to his drug habit. He is in the
______ stage of drug dependence.

A) experimentation
B) routine use
C) addiction or dependence
D) toxic use

Question 56

______ is the drug of choice among young people today.

A) Alcohol
B) Marijuana
C) Cocaine
D) LSD

Question 57

The personal and social costs of alcoholism ______.

A) are somewhat less than those associated with nicotine use
B) are similar to those associated with chronic marijuana use
C) are exceeded only by the costs associated with illicit drug use
D) exceed those of all illicit drugs combined

Question 58

The most popular drug on college campuses is ______.

A) alcohol
B) marijuana
C) nicotine
D) cocaine

Question 59

Greg has been using drugs for three years. He feels powerless to resist his cravings for drugs. His whole life revolves around his next "high." Nothing else matters to him. He has lost his
Job) His wife and children have left him, and all he can say is "They didn't understand!" Now
He is robbing banks to get money to support his $7,000 per week habit. He is in the ______
Stage of drug dependence.

A) experimentation
B) routine use
C) addiction or dependence
D) toxic use

Question 60

Alcohol, in large quantities, usually kills by ______.

A) poisoning brain cells
B) depressing heart rate
C) depressing breathing
D) causing severe convulsions

Question 61

The BEST predictor of alcoholism or problem drinking in adulthood is ______.

A) family history of alcohol abuse
B) ethnic background
C) antisocial personality
D) social class

Question 62

Which of the following people has the highest risk of developing alcoholism?

A) a wealthy, well-educated 30-year-old female
B) a poor, well-educated 60-year-old female
C) a wealthy, uneducated 50-year-old male
D) a poor, uneducated 25-year-old male

Question 63

Many Asian Americans ______ when they drink which may curb excessive alcohol intake and reduce their risk of developing alcoholism.

A) become nauseous
B) pass out
C) develop heart palpitations
D) show a flushing response

Question 64

Hispanic American men are ______ as likely as non-Hispanic White males to drink alcohol and develop alcohol use disorders.

A) half
B) equally
C) twice
D) four times

Question 65

Many Native Americans believe _______________is largely responsible for their high rates of drinking-related problems.

A) discrimination and prejudice from more dominant racial groups
B) loss of their traditional culture
C) lack of access to stimulating activities on reservations
D) poverty and lack of access to good health care

Question 66

Alcohol use disorders tend to develop somewhat ______ in women than in men, and are more common among people living ______.

A) earlier, alone
B) later, alone
C) earlier, with someone else
D) later, with someone else

Question 67

Men are over ______ times more likely than women to be diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder.

A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 14

Question 68

Compared to non-Hispanic White Americans, African Americans are ______ likely to develop alcohol abuse or dependence, and are ______ likely to develop cirrhosis.

A) less, less
B) less, more
C) more, less
D) more, more

Question 69

Which of the following people is least likely to use alcohol and develop alcohol use disorders?

A) a Hispanic American male
B) a non-Hispanic White male
C) a Hispanic American female
D) a non-Hispanic White female

Question 70

The prevalence of cirrhosis of the liver among African Americans is about ______ of that among non-Hispanic White Americans.

A) half
B) the same
C) twice
D) four times

Question 71

Which of the following is the BDOC (Big Drug On Campus) among college students?

A) amphetamines
B) marijuana
C) cocaine
D) alcohol

Question 72

Which of the following groups is at lowest risk of developing alcoholism?

A) Native Americans
B) African Americans
C) Jewish Americans
D) Irish Americans

Question 73

Which of the following is a risk factor in alcoholism?

A) educational attainment
B) age
C) intelligence level
D) region of the country one resides in

Question 74

Alcohol dependence is generally more common among people of ______ income levels and ______ education levels.

A) lower, lower
B) lower, higher
C) higher, lower
D) higher, higher

Question 75

Which of the following is true regarding alcohol's effects on women?

A) Women have more of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the stomach than men do.
B) Alcohol may hit women harder because they weigh less than men.
C) Most women find the taste of alcohol unpleasant and thus drink less.
D) Women may be less likely to develop alcoholism because of the "flushing" response to drinking it.

Question 76

Which of the following ethnic groups is at highest risk of developing alcoholism?

A) Italian Americans
B) Native Americans
C) Hispanic Americans
D) German Americans

Question 77

Compared to non-Hispanic White women, Hispanic women are ______ likely to drink alcohol and are ______ likely to develop alcohol use disorders.

A) less, less
B) more, less
C) less, more
D) more, more

Question 78

Which of the following disorders is a predictor of alcoholism?

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) bipolar affective disorder
C) antisocial personality
D) conversion disorder

Question 79

Which American ethnic group has the lowest rate of alcoholism?

A) Asian Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) African Americans
D) European Americans

Question 80

A degenerative, potentially fatal liver disease is ______.

A) cirrhosis
B) anemia
C) Korsakoff's syndrome
D) melanoma