Deck 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Reinhold Niebuhr

Answer 1

Answers will vary. ​

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung)

Answer 2

Answers will vary. ​

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​George C. Marshall

Answer 3

Answers will vary. ​

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Douglas MacArthur

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Henry Wallace

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Benjamin Spock

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Richard M. Nixon

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Yalta Conference

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
J. Robert Oppenheimer

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Joseph Stalin

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Thomas Dewey

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harry S Truman

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dean Acheson

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Taft-Hartley Act

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George F. Kennan

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Joseph McCarthy

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Army-McCarthy hearings

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill)

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Cold War

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
McCarran Internal Security Bill

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
iron curtain

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Executive Order 9981

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Marshall Plan

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"containment doctrine"

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dixiecrats

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
United Nations

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
baby boom

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
UNESCO

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Frostbelt

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Berlin airlift

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
U.N. Security Council

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Security Act

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Hydrogen bomb (H-bomb)

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Nuremberg trials

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Sunbelt

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Truman Doctrine

Question 41

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Poland

Question 42

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
thirty-eighth parallel

Question 43

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Levittown

Question 44

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Bulgaria

Question 45

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Progressive party

Question 46

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Albania

Question 47

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Czechoslovakia

Question 48

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Hungary

Question 49

Locate the following placesin East Asia by reference number on the map:
Asia, Africa, Australia, Japan, and the Soviet Union in the Early Post-World War II World, c. 1945
​
​

____ Mongolia

Question 50

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Point Four

Question 51

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Romania

Question 52

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Lithuania

Question 53

Locate the following placesin East Asia by reference number on the map:
Asia, Africa, Australia, Japan, and the Soviet Union in the Early Post-World War II World, c. 1945
​
​

____ South Sakhalin Island

Question 54

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Fair Deal

Question 55

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ German Democratic Republic (East Germany)

Question 56

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Security Council Memorandum Number 68 (NSC-68)

Question 57

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Yugoslavia

Question 58

Locate the following placesin East Asia by reference number on the map:
Asia, Africa, Australia, Japan, and the Soviet Union in the Early Post-World War II World, c. 1945
​
​

____ China

Question 59

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Estonia

Question 60

Locate the following places in Eastern and Central Europe by reference number on the map:
​​
Europe in the Early Post-World War II Period, c. 1945

____ Latvia

Question 61

Despite their political and strategic differences, the United States and the Soviet Union strongly resembled one another in 1945 in that they

A) had long experience as great powers in Europe.
B) accepted the idea of balance of power and spheres of influence.
C) believed that control of the Middle East was essential to maintaining their national security.
D) had been historically very involved in world affairs and engaged in protecting peace and collective security in the world.
E) had a long history of conducting an idealistic, "missionary" diplomacy in world affairs.

Question 62

When the Soviet Union denied the United States, Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by

A) asking the United Nations to intervene.
B) denying the Soviets access to West Germany.
C) declaring that an iron curtain had descended across Central Europe.
D) organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.
E) sending an armed convoy to Berlin.

Question 63

The immediate crisis that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to the threat of a communist takeover in

A) Iran.
B) Greece and Turkey.
C) Communist China.
D) Czechoslovakia.
E) West Germany.

Question 64

Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Berlin airlift, (B) Korean War, and (C) fall of China.

A) A, C, B
B) B, C, A
C) A, B, C
D) C, A, B
E) C, B, A

Question 65

In early 1945, the United States was extremely eager to secure the Soviet Union's participation in the projected invasion of Japan because

A) the Soviets would become so engaged in East Asia that they would not expand further into central Europe.
B) without Soviet help, the Japanese could not be defeated.
C) American casualties were expected to be high if only Americans were involved.
D) Roosevelt believed that Stalin's involvement in Japan could help to control the communists in China.
E) Roosevelt did not want Stalin to become aware of the atomic bomb secret.

Question 66

Locate the following placesin East Asia by reference number on the map:
Asia, Africa, Australia, Japan, and the Soviet Union in the Early Post-World War II World, c. 1945
​
​

____ Kuril Islands

Question 67

Match each postwar American program below with its primary purpose.
A.Point Four
B.NATO
C.Truman Doctrine
D.Marshall Plan
1)Assist communist-threatened Greece and Turkey
2)Promote economic recovery of Europe
3)Aid underdeveloped nations of Latin America, Asia, and Africa
4)Resist Soviet military threat

A) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
B) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
C) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
E) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

Question 68

The crucial origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in

A) North Africa.
B) East Asia.
C) the Middle East.
D) the Third World.
E) Eastern Europe.

Question 69

Which of the following were not among the key decisions made by Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill at the Yalta Conference?

A) The Soviet Union would attack Japan within three months in exchange for territorial concessions.
B) The Soviet Union would sponsor free elections in Poland, Bulgaria, and Romania.
C) Occupation zones in Germany would be assigned to each of the victorious great powers.
D) The Soviets and Americans would militarily withdraw from Europe after a peace treaty was signed.
E) A new international peacekeeping organization, the United Nations, would be set up.

Question 70

Harry Truman possessed all of the following personal characteristics except

A) patience and prudery.
B) few pretensions.
C) willingness to accept responsibility.
D) honesty.
E) courage.

Question 71

The fundamental idea of the containment doctrine, embraced by President Truman, was

A) the Soviet Union should be gradually forced to give up its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.
B) the Soviet Union should be prevented from trading with nations in Africa and Asia.
C) the West and the Soviet Union should seek to contain the spread of nuclear weapons.
D) Soviet communist expansion in regions of the world should be blocked by firm political, economic, military, and diplomatic defense of free peoples and nations by America.
E) military competition between the West and the Soviets should be replaced by economic competition.

Question 72

Before he was elected vice president of the United States in 1944, Harry S Truman had served as all of the following except

A) a haberdashery store owner.
B) secretary of the navy.
C) a World War I artillery officer.
D) a Missouri judge.
E) a United States senator.

Question 73

The victorious World War II Allies quickly agreed that

A) Germany should pay economically crippling war reparations.
B) Nazism should be destroyed in Germany and high-ranking Nazis should be tried and punished for war crimes.
C) occupied Germany should be reunited as soon as possible.
D) Germany should receive massive economic aid.
E) Germany should be divided into two nations, East and West Germany.

Question 74

Which of the following was not among the early successes of the United Nations?

A) Stopping the spread of atomic weapons
B) Preventing warfare over Kashmir and Iran
C) Creating the new state of Israel
D) Guiding former European colonies to independence
E) Enhancing global health, food production, and cultural development

Question 75

One of the most significant structural differences between the old League of Nations and the new United Nations was that the U.N.

A) did not attempt to include all the independent nations of the world in its membership.
B) gave a veto in the powerful Security Council to the five Great Powers.
C) did not try to address the question of colonialism.
D) developed its own independent military force controlled by the Security Council.
E) established a powerful independent executive branch in the Secretary General.

Question 76

Many Americans feared that the end of World War II would bring

A) heightened racial tensions.
B) a return of the Great Depression.
C) moral and religious decline.
D) continued fascist resistance in Germany.
E) a new war with the Soviet Union.

Question 77

Locate the following placesin East Asia by reference number on the map:
Asia, Africa, Australia, Japan, and the Soviet Union in the Early Post-World War II World, c. 1945
​
​

____ North Korea

Question 78

Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States pledged to

A) refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and pro-American camps.
B) maintain prosperity in America after World War II.
C) give very limited assistance to nations fighting communism.
D) support those who were resisting subjugation by communists.
E) work to liberate the captive nations of Eastern Europe.

Question 79

Unlike the failed League of Nations, the new United Nations

A) denied the power of veto to any party in an international dispute.
B) established no forum for the smaller nations besides the great powers.
C) assumed that there would eventually be conflict among the great powers.
D) was unable to achieve approval by the United States Senate.
E) was established with a Security Council that assured that none of the Big Five Powers (the United States, the USSR, Britain, France, and China) could have action taken against it without its consent.

Question 80

Soviet specialist George F. Kennan framed a coherent approach for America in the Cold War by advising a policy of

A) détente.
B) appeasement.
C) containment.
D) rollback.
E) negotiation.