Deck 1: Criminal Justice Today

Question 1

What layer of the "wedding-cake" model focuses on misdemeanors?

A) top layer
B) second layer
C) third layer
D) bottom layer

Answer 1

D

Question 2

__________ law enforcement officials have national jurisdiction over crime in the United States.

A) Local
B) County
C) State
D) Federal

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The newest variation on crime that is directly related to the increased presence of computers in everyday life is called:

A) high-tech crime
B) white-collar crime
C) organized crime
D) public order crimes

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which model assumes that a diverse group of people can have similar morals; that is, they share an ideal of what is "right" and "wrong"?

A) crime control model
B) due process model
C) conflict model
D) consensus model

Question 5

Rising crime rates in the 1970s and 1980s led to:

A) a get tough on crime attitude
B) a decrease in prison admissions
C) a decrease in arrests
D) the creation of a Department of Homeland Security

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the purposes of the criminal justice
System?

A) to control crime
B) to prevent crime
C) to provide and maintain justice
D) to create laws regarding punishments for crime

Question 7

Principles of right and wrong behavior, as practiced by individuals or by society are called:

A) deviance
B) discretion
C) morals
D) tenets

Question 8

Public order crime is defined as:

A) behavior that has been labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared values, customs and norms.
B) illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for illegal goods or services.
C) nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a personal or business advantage.
D) the interlocking network of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections institutions designed to enforce criminal laws.

Question 9

Organized crime is defined as:
A) behavior that has been labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared values, customs and norms.

A) illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for illegal goods or services.
C) nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a personal or business advantage.
D) the interlocking network of law enforcement agencies, courts, and corrections institutions designed to enforce criminal laws.

Question 10

The United States has a
__________ court system.

A) single
B) dual
C) constitutional
D) judicial

Question 11

In the 1970s and 1980s which model of criminal justice prevailed?

A) due process
B) crime control
C) consensus
D) wedding-cake model

Question 12

Crimes that appear to harm only the offender are often called _______________.

A) victimless crimes
B) status offenses
C) deviant behavior
D) discretionary offenses

Question 13

Which of the following is one of the main reasons the use of community-based corrections has increased?

A) the increase in offenders on parole
B) decreasing numbers of offenders in prisons
C) large increases in funding for community-based correction
D) overcrowding in correctional facilities

Question 14

In a state court, which of the following facilities would house an offender convicted of sexual assault

A) federal penitentiary
B) jail
C) prison
D) halfway house

Question 15

__________ is the most common correctional treatment
That also allows the offender to return to the community and still remain under supervision.

A) Jail
B) Probation
C) Prison
D) Work ethic camp

Question 16

__________ means that government powers are shared by the national
Government and states.

A) Democracy
B) Constitutionalism
C) Federalism
D) Localism

Question 17

The result of the use of discretion by those who work in the criminal justice system leads to the development of the__________ criminal justice process.

A) formal
B) informal
C) consensus
D) conflict

Question 18

The __________ model of criminal justice explains how different cases
Receive different treatment according to their priority in the criminal justice system.

A) crime control
B) wedding-cake
C) due process
D) correctional

Question 19

The majority of individuals are employed in law enforcement at the __________ level?

A) local
B) state
C) federal
D) national

Question 20

The authority to choose between and among alternative courses of action is
Called:

A) discretion
B) authority
C) deviance
D) federalism

Question 21

__________ is the act of taking property from another person without the use of force with the intent of keeping that property.

Question 22

Sometimes a constituent consensus forces the government to move more quickly due to public pressure on a crime issue.

Question 23

The crime control model assumes which of the following?

A) The criminal justice system strives to make it more difficult to prove guilt.
B) It is more desirable for society that ninety-nine guilty suspects go free than that a single innocent person be condemned.
B) Absolute efficiency can be realized only if the power of the state is absolute.
C) Police are in a better position than the courts to determine the guilt of an arrested suspect.

Question 24

Using force or violence to achieve political objectives is called __________.

A) terrorism
B) hate crimes
C) organized crime
D) larceny

Question 25

In corrections, which level of law enforcement makes up the largest number of employees?

A) local
B) state
C) federal
D) municipal

Question 26

The majority of those inmates released from incarceration will not have contact
with the correctional system again.

Question 27

__________ is the act of physically contacting another person with the intent to do harm.

Question 28

Federal employees make up the majority of employees in law enforcement in the
United States.

Question 29

What model of criminal justice places a priority on the right of the individual to be protected from the power of the government?

A) crime control model
B) due process model
C) wedding-cake model
D) conflict model

Question 30

The federal agency with the primary responsibility for combating white-collar
crime, organized crime, and cyber crime is the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Question 31

The smallest and top tier of the "wedding-cake" model of criminal justice focuses on high profile cases.

Question 32

According to the consensus model, society _______ ________ to control and prevent deviant behavior, thereby setting the boundaries for acceptable behavior within the group.

Question 33

The due process model is likened to which of the following?

A) obstacle course
B) battery
C) assembly line
D) blender

Question 34

__________ is a threat or an attempt to do violence to another person that causes that person to fear immediate physical harm.

Question 35

Deviance is always an act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal
sanctions.

Question 36

__________ is the act of taking property from another person through force, threat of force, or intimidation.

Question 37

The due process model is a model of criminal justice that places primary
emphasis on the right of society to be protected from crime and violent criminals.

Question 38

The crime control model is a criminal justice model that places primary emphasis
on the right of the individual to be protected from the power of the government.

Question 39

Nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a personal or business advantage are called high-tech crimes.

Question 40

The prison population in the United States has been decreasing since 1985.

Question 41

Explain the differences between the Consensus Model and the Conflict Model of criminal justice

Question 42

__________ is a police officer's authority to choose between and among alternative courses of actions.

Question 43

Nonviolent crimes committed by business entities or individuals to gain a personal or business advantage are called __________.

Question 44

Illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations engaged in the market for illegal goods or services are called __________ __________.

Question 45

The __________ gives the government in the United States certain powers, such as the right to coin money, create an army, and regulate interstate commerce

Question 46

Explain the difference between deviance and crime.

Question 47

Explain the difference between the formal and informal criminal justice process.

Question 48

Explain the three different purposes of the criminal justice system.

Question 49

Professor Herbert Packard compared the idealized criminal justice model to an __________ __________, down which moves an endless stream of cases, never stopping, carrying the cases to workers who stand at fixed stations and who perform on each case as it moves past.

Question 50

Explain the "wedding-cake" model of criminal justice and how this model may be used to explain the criminal justice system.