Deck 24: Urinary System

Question 1

What is the composition of urine?

A) water, nitrogen-containing waste, and electrolytes
B) water and atrial natriuretic peptides
C) water, natriuretic peptides, and electrolytes
D) water, nitrogen-containing waste, and carbon dioxide

Answer 1

water, nitrogen-containing waste, and electrolytes

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH):

A) is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
B) increases the reabsorption of water by the collecting duct membrane.
C) is the salt-retaining hormone.
D) increases the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Answer 2

increases the reabsorption of water by the collecting duct membrane.

Question 3

Why is glucose not normally found in the urine?

A) No glucose is filtered by the glomerulus.
B) The filtered glucose is used by the kidney cells for energy.
C) All filtered glucose is reabsorbed.
D) The filtered glucose is converted to creatinine and then excreted.

Answer 3

All filtered glucose is reabsorbed.

Question 4

What condition is most likely to cause glucose to be excreted in the urine?

A) hypertension
B) renal failure
C) hyperglycemia
D) jaundice

Question 5

Which of the following is the hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex and stimulates the reabsorption of sodium and water as well as the excretion of potassium?

A) aldosterone
B) progesterone
C) estrogen
D) albumin

Question 6

What happens at the glomerular membrane?

A) Water and dissolved solute are filtered into Bowman's capsule.
B) The juxtaglomerular apparatus cells release antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
C) The juxtaglomerular apparatus cells release aldosterone.
D) The glomerular membrane reabsorbs Na⁺.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding creatinine?

A) All filtered creatinine is reabsorbed.
B) No creatinine is filtered.
C) Most filtered creatinine is eliminated in the urine.
D) Low creatinine levels in the urine indicate healthy kidney function.

Question 8

Angiotensin II:

A) is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus cells.
B) is produced in response to the activity of converting enzyme.
C) is a powerful vasodilator.
D) prevents the release of aldosterone.

Question 9

What is meant by the specific gravity of urine?

A) the ratio of the amount of solute to volume
B) the weight of urine within the kidney
C) the ratio of urine to juxtaglomerular apparatus
D) the separation of urine from other solutes

Question 10

Parathyroid hormone plays an important role in the regulation of:

A) ammonia and iron.
B) phosphate and iron.
C) calcium and phosphate.
D) iron and calcium.