Deck 10: Aggression

Question 1

Sigmund Freud speculated that human aggression springs from

A) a self-destructive impulse.
B) the observation of aggressive adult models.
C) the blocking of goal-directed behavior.
D) an innate sexual drive.

Answer 1

a self-destructive impulse.

Question 2

Review the research on aggression cues and violence.

Answer 2

No Answer

Question 3

The frustration-aggression theory is designed to explain

A) hostile aggression.
B) instrumental aggression.
C) both hostile and instrumental aggression.
D) neither hostile nor instrumental aggression.

Answer 3

hostile aggression.

Question 4

In a psychology experiment, a group of volunteers are shown a violent short film that portrays the massacre of innocent victims. After the first viewing, the participants appear shocked and scared. However, after repeated viewing, the participants seem to enjoy the film. Some of them crack jokes and make rude remarks when viewing the film. In the context of the influences of aggression, this scenario illustrates

A) desensitization.
B) catharsis.
C) the recency illusion.
D) the ambiguity effect.

Question 5

According to Dugré et al. (2020), even _____ increases the likelihood of hostile, aggressive behavior.

A) a slight increase in ambient temperature
B) the agony of being in a depressed state
C) a minor inconvenience
D) incidental exposure to violence

Question 6

How does pornography encourage distorted perceptions of sexual reality?

Question 7

In contrast to Freud's view of aggression, Lorenz argued that aggression is

A) innate.
B) adaptive rather than self-destructive.
C) socially learned.
D) biologically influenced but not instinctive.

Question 8

Most terrorism is ________ aggression.

A) duplicitous
B) manipulative
C) instrumental
D) hostile

Question 9

Explain the effects found to be associated with playing video games.

Question 10

________ may explain why happiness tends to be lower and crime rates higher in countries with income inequality.

A) The frustration-aggression theory
B) Relative deprivation
C) The social learning theory
D) Displacement

Question 11

According to Anderson et al., (2003), more than 100 experiments have confirmed that viewing violence

A) amplifies aggression.
B) does not necessarily guarantee an increase in aggression.
C) only amplifies aggression in young males.
D) is only one factor that might increase aggression.

Question 12

Explain Berkowitz's revised frustration-aggression theory.

Question 13

In the context of aggression, which of the following statements is true?

A) Twin studies indicate that aggression is never genetic.
B) Aggression is typically caused by brain damage.
C) A single spot in the brain controls aggression.
D) Alcohol enhances aggressiveness.

Question 14

What is aggression? Based on your own experiences, give an example of hostile aggression and an example of instrumental aggression.

Question 15

In the context of the social learning approach to aggression, according to Baron (1977), threatened punishment can deter aggression only when

A) the punishment is delayed rather than prompt.
B) the punishment is strong and sure.
C) the recipient is angry or aggressive.
D) the recipient is not rewarded for the desired behavior.

Question 16

Emma regularly watches violent television programs. In a particular scene in a soap opera, the protagonist accidentally spills water on the person seated next to him at the dinner table. After watching this scene, Emma concludes that the protagonist has done so intentionally. Whenever she hears words such as "shoot" and "target,"she is reminded of killing someone. Emma has started recognizing aggressive words more quickly that she did earlier. In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates

A) catharsis.
B) displacement.
C) cognitive priming.
D) relative deprivation.

Question 17

Given that television and other forms of media have been shown to cause increased aggression, what do you think could be done to control this cause of violence? Be sure to mention evidence for or against the catharsis hypothesis.

Question 18

What arguments would you present in favor of strict gun laws?

Question 19

Define hostile aggression and instrumental aggression. Give an example of each.