Deck 13: Nutritional and Natural Therapies

Question 1

Ginkgo may help in improving the:

A) immune system.
B) circulation or blood flow to certain organs.
C) reproductive system.
D) excretory system.

Answer 1

circulation or blood flow to certain organs.

Question 2

The use of garlic as a herbal medication should be avoided in all of the following conditions except in:

A) the person with atherosclerosis.
B) the woman who is pregnant.
C) the person on anticoagulant therapy.
D) the person on hypoglycaemic therapy.

Answer 2

the person with atherosclerosis.

Question 3

St John's wort has proved to be effective, according to some studies, in the treatment of:

A) anxiety.
B) paranoia.
C) depression.
D) mania.

Answer 3

depression.

Question 4

Total parenteral nutrition is a(n) ________ solution that needs to be administered centrally.

A) nutrition
B) hypotonic
C) hypertonic
D) isotonic
E) iso-osmotic

Question 5

Which of the following actions will not improve the management of regurgitation during enteral feeding?

A) Lower the head of the client's bed.
B) Avoid the use of hyperosmolar feeds.
C) Insert a fine-bore enteric tube.
D) Slow down the rate of infusion.

Question 6

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is more likely in which population group?

A) Diabetics.
B) Vegans.
C) Vegetarians.
D) School-aged children.

Question 7

Which of the following measures would not improve the management of diarrhoea during enteral feeding?

A) Select a feed with a high fat content.
B) Decrease rate of feed.
C) Remove the feed from the fridge about half an hour before administration.
D) Administer an iso-osmolar feed rather than a hyperosmolar feed.

Question 8

Parenteral solutions are usually prepared:

A) by the health facility kitchen staff.
B) onsite in the ward/clinical area.
C) ideally by the dietetics department.
D) under sterile conditions in the pharmacy.

Question 9

Which of the following vitamins is useful in the treatment of some hyperlipidaemias?

A) Niacin.
B) Niacinamide.
C) Nicotinamide.
D) Pyridoxine.

Question 10

Folic acid should be taken by childbearing women who are contemplating pregnancy for at least one month before conception and at least ________ month(s) after conception.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 11

Thiamine deficiency may occur in any of the following conditions except:

A) infants under the age of two.
B) alcoholism.
C) cirrhosis.
D) gastrointestinal disease.

Question 12

Which of the following is a precursor of serotonin?

A) Phenylalanine.
B) Tryptophan.
C) Tyrosine.
D) Histidine.

Question 13

Apart from haemoglobin, iron is needed for the synthesis of:

A) xanthine oxidase.
B) myoglobin.
C) cytochrome oxidase.
D) pancreatin.

Question 14

Which hormone needs iodine for its synthesis?

A) Glucagon.
B) Corticosterone.
C) Thyroxine.
D) Testosterone.

Question 15

There is a real danger of toxicity with which of the following vitamins?

A) Riboflavine.
B) Ascorbic acid.
C) Retinol.
D) Tocopherol.

Question 16

Prolonged use of zinc may lead to:

A) hepatolenticular degeneration.
B) hyperthyroidism.
C) hypertension.
D) copper deficiency and anaemia.

Question 17

Excessive consumption of which mineral can lead to calcium deficiency?

A) Phosporus.
B) Magnesium.
C) Iron.
D) Potassium.

Question 18

How should iron preparations be consumed to facilitate maximal absorption?

A) On an empty stomach.
B) With food.
C) With milk.
D) At bedtime.

Question 19

Valerian has been shown to have significant effects on:

A) sleep.
B) libido.
C) depression.
D) tachycardia.

Question 20

If a woman is using evening primrose oil for premenstrual syndrome, it should be consumed:

A) a few days before menstruation.
B) during menstruation.
C) all throughout the menstrual cycle.
D) the first four days following the onset of menstruation.

Question 21

Red clover should be avoided in individuals with:

A) asthma.
B) breast cancer.
C) epilepsy.
D) clotting deficiency.

Question 22

What vitamin deficiency is normally associated with pernicious or Addison's anaemia?

A) Vitamin B₁ (thiamine).
B) Vitamin B₂ (riboflavin).
C) Vitamin B₆ (pyridoxine).
D) Vitamin B₁₂ (hydroxocobalamin).

Question 23

Caffeine may potentiate the effect of ________ in causing insomnia:

A) kava
B) valerian
C) St John's wort
D) ginseng

Question 24

What is a suitable strategy to manage a large return of gastric aspirate in a person receiving nasogastric feeding?

A) Lower the head of the person's bed.
B) Use a hyperosmolar feed.
C) Select a feed with a higher fat content.
D) Decrease the rate of infusion.

Question 25

At what rate are enteral feeds usually commenced?

A) 100mL per hour.
B) 30 mL per hour.
C) 10 mL per hour.
D) 60 mL per hour.

Question 26

Components incorporated in central venous nutrition usually include:

A) 25-50% glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements.
B) 5% or 10% glucose, thiamine, vitamin C and vitamin B complex.
C) 5% or 10% glucose and vitamin B complex.
D) 0.9% sodium chloride thiamine, vitamin C and vitamin B complex.

Question 27

What symptom would signify that an individual has consumed excessive amounts of ginger?

A) Postural hypotension.
B) Diarrhoea.
C) Palpitations.
D) Dizziness.

Question 28

A complication of bolus feeds compared to continuous infusion in individuals with a nasogastric tube is:

A) diarrhoea.
B) feed contamination.
C) ileus.
D) gastric bleeding.