Deck 7: Becoming an Ethical Manager

Question 1

In a general sense, ______ is the code of moral principles and values that governs the behavior of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong.

A) ethics
B) decision-making
C) innovation
D) all of these

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Managers make things go right when they treat people inequitably.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

At the conventional level, people learn to conform to the expectations of good behavior as defined by their superiors, colleagues, family, friends, and society.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Making unethical decisions is one of the best ways you can influence an ethical organization.

Question 5

Diego has just been promoted to shift supervisor at a local pizza parlor. In the past, he has noticed that his co-workers don't always follow the rules, such as washing their hands before working with the food. He never said anything before, but now that he's a manager, Diego feels he should stand up for what is right in order to create a(n) ______.

A) healthy workplace
B) standard operating procedure
C) environment of integrity
D) tense atmosphere

Question 6

When managers operate from principles of ________, many employees come to see that type of behavior as okay.

A) selfishness
B) greed
C) neither of these
D) both of these

Question 7

As a manager, you will need courage for many reasons.

Question 8

Greg is in charge of waste disposal at the manufacturing plant where he works. If he can find a way to reduce expenses, he will get a bigger bonus at the end of the year. So rather than disposing of the waste the way he's required to do by law, which is expensive, Greg decides to dump the waste in the nearest river. Greg could be described as unethical because he is focused:

A) on his own needs and goals
B) on the company objectives
C) on others' success
D) on making more money for the company

Question 9

How do unethical managers diminish the dignity of others?

A) taking the credit of others
B) treating people with disrespect
C) neither of these
D) both of these

Question 10

Courage is both a moral and a practical matter for a manager.

Question 11

When managers forget that business is about ______ and not just economic performance, organizations and the broader society suffer.

A) numbers
B) values
C) profits
D) all of these

Question 12

It is important to remember that management is a set of practices without an association with right or wrong.

Question 13

Ethical managers focus on their own needs and goals.

Question 14

To be an ethnical manager, you need to recognize and adhere to ethical values and acknowledge the importance of human meaning, quality, and higher purpose.

Question 15

A manager who knows someone is being treated unfairly by a colleague and does nothing is setting a precedent for others to ____ as well.

A) behave unfairly
B) effectively communicate
C) make decisions
D) none of these

Question 16

Decisions you make on behalf of your organization do not carry consequences for the company's reputation and success in the community.

Question 17

One of the biggest reasons managers need courage is that it is necessary for practicing ______ behavior.

A) courageous
B) ethical
C) sporadic
D) none of these

Question 18

Courageous managers can develop courageous followers by modeling courage and by helping people practice courage.

Question 19

Peers and subordinates with lax ______ feel free to act as they choose.

A) mentalities
B) integrity
C) ethical standards
D) managers

Question 20

Some executives are preoccupied with their own ______. These managers pay more attention to gaining benefits for themselves rather than for the company or the larger society.

A) ethics
B) opportunities
C) decision making
D) importance

Question 21

How can managers create organizational systems and policies that support ethical behavior?

A) creating open-door policies
B) showing zero tolerance for violations
C) rewarding ethical conduct
D) all of these

Question 22

At what level on the moral development scale are individuals ego-centered and concerned with receiving external rewards and avoiding punishments?

A) conventional level
B) preconventional level
C) postconventional level
D) none of these

Question 23

The individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization is the ______.

A) moral agent
B) stakeholder
C) customer
D) manager

Question 24

People at the _____ level adhere to the norms of the larger social system, such as paying income taxes because it is one's duty as a citizen and is expected by the larger social system.

A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) none of these

Question 25

At the postconventional level, or ______ level, people are guided by an internalized set of principles universally recognized as just and right.

A) interpersonal
B) duty
C) principled
D) all of these

Question 26

What is the most mature level of moral values?

A) postconventional
B) conventional
C) preconventional
D) all of these

Question 27

Variation in perceived ethical importance is known as ______ in the decision maker.

A) perception
B) ethical dilemma
C) ethical intensity
D) none of these

Question 28

A(n) ________ arises in a situation concerning right or wrong when values are in conflict.

A) disagreement
B) ethical dilemma
C) behavior
D) code

Question 29

The six factors of ethical intensity influence the perceived characteristics of a(n) ______, especially when there is a dilemma with competing options.

A) ethical decision
B) concentration of effect
C) magnitude of action
D) value judgement

Question 30

A manager's level of moral maturity and ethical reasoning may contribute to _______ behavior.

A) decision-making
B) conventional
C) departmental
D) all of these

Question 31

The single most important factor in ethical decision making in organizations is whether managers show a(n) _____ to ethics in their talk and especially their behavior.

A) interest
B) signal
C) commitment
D) reluctance

Question 32

Ethical _____ may become more severe with increases in one or more of the factors and decline with reductions in one or more of the factors.

A) meeting
B) incivility
C) intensity
D) decisions

Question 33

How do employees learn about the values that are important in organizations?

A) by watching managers
B) by attending meetings
C) by active listening
D) by reading company policies

Question 34

Bonnie is the office manager in a large doctor's office. The employees there used to use Styrofoam cups for their coffee, but when Bonnie learned that these are bad for the environment, she bought ceramic coffee mugs for everyone to use instead. Not only does this put less trash in the local landfill, it saves her company money. What kind of behavior does Bonnie's decision illustrate?

A) Unethical
B) Active
C) Ethical
D) Political

Question 35

_______ is about distinguishing right from wrong and doing right, seeking the just, the honest, the good, and exhibiting the right conduct in achieving goals and fulfilling purpose.

A) Management practices
B) Open communication
C) Moral leadership
D) Active listening

Question 36

Applying ______ to resolve ethical conflicts balances self-interest with a concern for others and for the common good.

A) whistleblowing
B) ethical behavior
C) universal standards
D) personal values

Question 37

What is a stakeholder?

A) People with an interest in the outcome of the decision
B) Someone in a group
C) An individual who must make an ethical choice
D) none of these

Question 38

The reason _____ present a problem is that the situations we face as managers are seldom clear cut with an obvious answer as to what is best for everyone concerned.

A) ethics
B) opinions
C) personal views
D) employees

Question 39

To be an ethical manager requires that you _____.

A) recognize and adhere to ethical values
B) acknowledge the importance of human quality
C) acknowledge the importance of human meaning
D) all of these

Question 40

A visible management position entails the responsibility for conducting both your personal and professional life in a(n) _________.

A) work setting
B) ethical manner
C) organized manner
D) happy way

Question 41

Philippe is a highly paid researcher at a pharmaceutical company. He has learned that several department managers are engaging in unethical, possibly even illegal, activities. He wants to report them to the company president, but he is concerned that if he tries to blow the whistle on them, he could end up getting fired and might have trouble finding an equally good job somewhere else. Despite the risks, Philippe talks to the president. He could be described as courageous because he:

A) overcame his concern for the common good
B) had an absence of doubt or fear
C) demonstrated his ability to step forward through fear
D) none of these

Question 42

What are some qualities of ethical managers that might frighten people?

A) personal experiences with others
B) making oneself vulnerable
C) listening
D) all of these

Question 43

Courageous managers are not ____________.

A) reckless
B) foolhardy
C) both of these
D) neither of these

Question 44

How can you strengthen your backbone?

A) Powerpoint presentations
B) By drawing upon various sources of courage
C) Accepting consequences
D) None of these

Question 45

______, in moderate amounts, is a healthy emotion that provides energy and the impetus to move forward.

A) Attention
B) Daydreaming
C) Anger
D) Fear

Question 46

As a manager, you will carry a tremendous responsibility for setting the ethical ______ for your team and organization and serving as a role model for others.

A) climate
B) communication channel
C) blog
D) newsletter

Question 47

Why do some people take fewer risks?

A) Because they feel alone in the world
B) Because they feel like they have more to lose
C) Neither of these
D) Both of these

Question 48

What is the Rotary International's Four-Way Test?

A) Guide for making ethical decision and helping others work through ethical issues
B) Guide to difficult questions
C) Guide to organizational structure
D) none of these

Question 49

"Whether or not anyone else knows about my action, will it allow me to have a good night's sleep?" This approach to guide decision making is known as ______.

A) The front-page test
B) The personal gain test
C) The good night's sleep test
D) The public exposure test

Question 50

"Would I make the same decision if the outcome did not benefit me in any way?" This approach to guide decision making is known as ______.

A) The front-page test
B) The personal gain test
C) The good night's sleep test
D) The public exposure test

Question 51

Most whistleblowers realize they may suffer financially and emotionally, but they act _____.

A) courageously
B) out
C) famously
D) all of these

Question 52

In most cases within organizations, finding ______ is a deliberate act rather than an instantaneous response.

A) rhythm
B) speed
C) movement
D) courage

Question 53

Courage can be thought of as a ______ skill that is developed through conscious thought and practice.

A) decision-making
B) resource
C) action
D) proper

Question 54

How do managers make real differences in the world?

A) Taking personal responsibility
B) Staying quiet
C) Practicing virtue without consistency
D) Not making changes

Question 55

______ means employee disclosure of illegal, immoral, or unethical practices in the organization.

A) Whistleblowing
B) Insubordination
C) Management
D) none of these

Question 56

According to Patricia Harned, president of The Ethics Resource Center, "leaders need to behave by example to set an ethical ______ throughout the whole organization."

A) culture
B) program
C) climate
D) focus

Question 57

What are some examples of courage?

A) Going against the grain
B) Initiating change
C) neither of these
D) both of these

Question 58

It is better to hear the truth from an ethical colleague, friend, or family member rather than make an error in ethical ________.

A) judgment
B) behaviors
C) both of these
D) neither of these

Question 59

The acceptance of ______ is almost non-existent in many of today's large organizations.

A) actions
B) responsibility
C) conversations
D) all of these

Question 60

"Would I be embarrassed if my decision became a headline in the local newspaper?" This approach to guide ethical decision making is known as _______.

A) The front-page test
B) The personal gain test
C) The good night's sleep test
D) The public exposure test

Question 61

What is the difference between moral and immoral leadership? Provide an example.

Question 62

List and describe the six factors of Determining Ethical Intensity.

Question 63

Should companies do more than have an employee code of ethics? Explain.

Question 64

What is whistleblowing? What are some of the risks involved? If you found yourself in such a dilemma, how would you decide how to act?

Question 65

What are the different levels and stages of the Moral Development scale?

Question 66

What are four simple questions you can ask yourself when considering an action to work through an ethical issue or make an ethical decision?