Question 1

Values development moves from a focus on self toward being guided in universal considerations.

Accepted Answer

As people develop their values, they tend to move away from a self-centered perspective and consider broader ethical and moral principles. This shift towards being guided by universal considerations is a common characteristic of moral development.

Question 2

When considering developmental norms for moral development, nurses must be alert for (select all that apply):&#10;A) gender.&#10;B) cultural factors.&#10;C) faith development.&#10;D) norms.&#10;E) bias.

Accepted Answer

gender.&#10;cultural factors.&#10;norms.&#10;bias.

Question 3

The discussions of moral development found in current literature flow primarily from the frameworks developed by:&#10;A) Kohlberg and Gilligan.&#10;B) Piaget and Fowler.&#10;C) Gilligan and Piaget.&#10;D) Kohlberg and Fowler.

Accepted Answer

The discussions of moral development in current literature primarily come from the frameworks developed by Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan. Kohlberg's theory focuses on moral reasoning and the development of moral reasoning stages, while Gilligan's theory emphasizes the importance of relationships and care-focused reasoning in moral development. Other theorists, such as Piaget and Fowler, have also contributed to the understanding of moral development, but Kohlberg and Gilligan are the most prominent and widely discussed in contemporary literature.

Question 4

Which of the following statements are true regarding Gilligan's study of the psychosocial development of women? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Progression through each of the three stages reflects greater depth in understanding the relationship of self and others.&#10;B) Phase 3 focuses on the concern for survival.&#10;C) Gilligan suggests a linear progression moving from one phase to the next.&#10;D) Phase 2, focusing on good, includes a sense of goodness as self-sacrifice.&#10;E) Gilligan's model is considered an ethic of care.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements are true...

Question 5

A basic method of fixing belief whereby the person obstinately adheres to beliefs already held is called:&#10;A) authority.&#10;B) a priori.&#10;C) tenacity.&#10;D) reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The basic method of fixing belief where the person obstinately adheres to beliefs already held is called tenacity. This means that the person is resistant to changing their beliefs, even in the face of conflicting evidence or arguments. This method is not based on reason or evidence and is therefore not a reliable way to form beliefs.

Question 6

Human values development reflects the content and process of learning what is right and wrong within a culture.&#10;A) True&#10;B) False

Accepted Answer

Human values development is strongly influenced by culture and involves learning what is considered right and wrong within that culture. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 7

An organizing way of looking at the nature of the universe as a whole and the role of the human in it that incorporates both the physical plane and the interconnected, multidimensional universe is called:

A) cosmology.
B) values development.
C) ethic of care.
D) faith development.

Accepted Answer

Cosmology is the study of the nature of the universe as a whole, including both the physical plane and the interconnected, multidimensional universe. It provides an organizing way of looking at the universe and the role of humans in it, making it the best choice for this question. Values development, ethic of care, and faith development are related to individual or societal beliefs, values, and moral development, but do not necessarily encompass the entire universe.

Question 8

&#34;Ethics of Justice&#34; is associated with which of the following theorists?&#10;A) Piaget&#10;B) Gilligan&#10;C) Kohlberg&#10;D) Fowler

Accepted Answer

The ethics of justice is most closely associated with Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which proposes that individuals progress through a series of stages in their understanding and application of ethical principles, with the highest level being an orientation toward universal principles of justice and fairness. Piaget's theory focuses on cognitive development, while Gilligan's theory emphasizes an ethic of care and relationality. Fowler's theory pertains to the development of faith and spiritual values.

Question 9

Phase 3 of Gilligan's study of the psychological development of women includes which of the following?&#10;A) A focus on what is best for the self, and includes selfishness and dependence on others.&#10;B) The movement into a world beyond the family in which values and beliefs derive from experiences in interpersonal relationships.&#10;C) Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity.&#10;D) A deep appreciation of connectedness, including responsibility to self and others as moral equals, and a clear imperative to harm no one.

Accepted Answer

Phase 3 of Gilligan's study is called the "Morality of Care." It is characterized by a strong focus on interconnectedness and responsibility to self and others as moral equals. The imperative to harm no one is a key feature of this stage. Option A describes the first stage of Gilligan's study, "Orientation to Individual Survival." Option B describes the second stage, "The Goodness-of-Fit Perspective." Option C is not a description of any of the stages in Gilligan's study.

Question 10

Human values development is often referred to as:&#10;A) moral development.&#10;B) faith development.&#10;C) ethical values.&#10;D) formal operations development.

Accepted Answer

Human values development is often referred to as moral development, which involves the formation of a person's sense of right and wrong and the ability to make ethical judgments. This development begins in childhood and continues throughout the lifespan, influenced by cultural, social, and personal factors. Faith development, ethical values, and formal operations development may be related to moral development but are not synonymous terms.

Question 11

The moral imperative grounded in relationship with and responsibility for one another is called:&#10;A) ethic of justice.&#10;B) ethic of care.&#10;C) faith development.&#10;D) cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The moral imperative grounded in relationship with...

Question 12

Which of the following is a stage in Level III of Kohlberg's theory?&#10;A) The Stage of Mutual Interpersonal Expectations, Relationships, and Conformity&#10;B) The Stage of Punishment and Obedience&#10;C) The Stage of Social System and Conscience Management&#10;D) The Stage of Universal Ethical Principles

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a stage...

Question 13

The development of intellectual capacities through the time of childhood from birth to around age 15 years refers to:&#10;A) Kohlberg's theory of moral development.&#10;B) Piaget's stages of cognitive development.&#10;C) Lao Tsu's theory of development.&#10;D) Fowler's stages of faith development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The development of intellectual capacities through the...

Question 14

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the preconventional level includes two stages. They are:&#10;A) punishment and obedience.&#10;B) individual instrumental purpose and exchange.&#10;C) rights and social utility.&#10;D) a and b.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the...

Question 15

Nurses can avoid making inappropriate judgments about another's moral capabilities by:&#10;A) understanding that all people have the same ethical, moral, and cultural values; they are just called by different names.&#10;B) keeping strict adherence to hospital and unit guidelines while caring for the patient and patient's family.&#10;C) understanding varying perspectives from which moral decisions are made by both the nurse and the patient.&#10;D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nurses can avoid making inappropriate judgments about...

Question 16

In Fowler's Stage of Faith Development, Stage 6 is called:&#10;A) Individuative-Reflective faith.&#10;B) Universalizing faith.&#10;C) Intuitive-Projective faith.&#10;D) Synthetic-Conventional faith.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Fowler's Stage of Faith Development, Stage...

Deck 5: Values Development