Deck 14: The Pancreas

Question 1

The thickness of the pancreas is approximately

A) 2 cm.
B) 2.5 cm.
C) 3 cm.
D) 3.5 cm.

Answer 1

B
The thickness of the pancreas is approximately 2.5 cm.

Question 2

A small part of the ______ of the pancreas is enclosed in peritoneum.

A) tail
B) body
C) neck
D) head

Answer 2

D
Most of the pancreas is retroperitoneal; however, a small portion of the head is surrounded by peritoneum.

Question 3

Pancreatic juice is composed of nucleic acids and also enzymes that help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. ____

Answer 3

True
Pancreatic juice is composed of nucleic acids and also enzymes that help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Question 4

The pancreas is mostly an endocrine gland. ____

Question 5

The main pancreatic duct can be seen in the body of the pancreas. ____

Question 6

The exocrine function of the pancreas is carried out by the beta cells. ____

Question 7

The length of the pancreas is

A) 3 to 5 cm.
B) 8 to 10 cm.
C) 12 to 18 cm.
D) 15 to 20 cm.

Question 8

Arterial flow to the head, body, and tail of the pancreas is through the

A) suprapancreatic, pancreatic, and prepancreatic arteries.
B) suprapancreatic, pancreatic, and caudal pancreatic arteries.
C) prepancreatic, pancreatic, and prehilar arteries.
D) anterior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal and splenic arteries.

Question 9

Which statement best describes the locations of the neck, body, and tail of the pancreas?

A) The neck lies posterior to the portasplenic confluence; the body lies anterior to the SMA; and the tail lies just to the left of the spine.
B) The neck lies anterior to the portasplenic confluence; the body lies anterior to the SMA; and the tail lies just to the left of the spine.
C) The neck lies posterior to the portasplenic confluence; the body lies posterior to the SMA; and the tail lies just to the right of the spine.
D) The neck lies anterior to the portasplenic confluence; the body lies posterior to the SMA; and the tail lies just to the left of the spine.

Question 10

The acini cells produce the hormones insulin, glucagon, and somastatin. ____

Question 11

Sonographically, the pancreas appears isoechoic to the liver. ____

Question 12

Which statement best describes the anteroposterior dimensions of the pancreas?

A) The head is 1 to 2 cm; the neck is 0.5 to 1 cm; the body is 2 to 3 cm; and the tail is 1 to 2 cm.
B) The head is 2 to 3 cm; the neck is 0.5 to 1 cm; the body is 3 to 3.5 cm; and the tail is 3 to 4 cm.
C) The head is 2 to 3 cm; the neck is 0.5 to 1 cm; the body is 2 to 3 cm; and the tail is 1 to 2 cm.
D) The head is 2 to 3 cm; the neck is 1.5 to 2.5 cm; the body is 2 to 3 cm; and the tail is 1 to 2 cm.

Question 13

Pancreatic juice reaches the duodenum via the common bile duct. ____

Question 14

The head of the pancreas lies

A) to the right of the SMV, in the C-loop of the duodenum, and anterior to the IVC.
B) to the right of the SMV, in the C-loop of the duodenum, and posterior to the IVC.
C) to the left of the SMV, outside the C-loop of the duodenum, and anterior to the IVC.
D) to the left of the SMV, in the C-loop of the duodenum, and anterior to the IVC.

Question 15

Hormones that stimulate the formation of pancreatic juice are triggered by chyme. ____

Question 16

The width of the pancreas is

A) 3 to 5 cm.
B) 8 to 10 cm.
C) 12 to 18 cm.
D) 15 to 20 cm.

Question 17

The tail of the pancreas

A) lies between the stomach anteriorly and left kidney posteriorly and extends to the splenic hilum.
B) lies between the stomach posteriorly and left kidney anteriorly and extends to the lateral aspect of the spleen.
C) lies with the stomach and left kidney posterior and extends to the lateral aspect of the spleen.
D) lies with the stomach and left kidney anterior and extends to the hilum of the spleen.

Question 18

Which statement describes the structures closely related to the head of the pancreas?

A) The common bile duct (CBD) is posterolateral, and the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) is posterolateral.
B) The common bile duct is anterolateral, and the gastroduodenal artery is posterolateral.
C) The common bile duct is posterolateral, and the gastroduodenal artery is anterolateral.
D) The common bile duct is anterolateral, and the gastroduodenal artery is anterolateral.

Question 19

The gastroduodenal artery divides into

A) lateral and medial superior pancreaticoduodenal branches.
B) proper and common hepatic arteries.
C) anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal branches.
D) anterior and posterior portasplenic arteries.

Question 20

The portal vein is formed

A) posterior to the neck of the pancreas.
B) anterior to the neck of the pancreas.
C) posterior to the head of the pancreas.
D) anterior to the head of the pancreas.

Question 21

The CBD and GDA appear circular in the long axis (transverse view) of the pancreas. ____

Question 22

The contour of the pancreas cannot be observed on ultrasound. ____

Question 23

In most cases, shadows from the stomach and duodenum obliterate the pancreas and make it difficult to visualize. ____

Question 24

A water-filled stomach makes the pancreas more difficult to visualize. ____

Question 25

Sagittal views of the pancreas show the gland in transverse sections. ____