Deck 27: Pediatric Echocardiography

Question 1

The Apical 4-Chamber is a good view for color flow, PW and CW Doppler of the mitral valve. ____

Answer 1

True
The mitral valve in this view enables the curser to be aligned parallel to flow for color and pulse wave Doppler.

Question 2

In the normal infant heart, blood from the right atrium travels

A) across the foramen ovale into the left atrium, through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle.
B) through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, then continues to and through the pulmonary valve crossing into the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
C) across the foramen ovale into the left atrium, through the pulmonary veins to the lungs.
D) through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, across the aortic valve into the aorta.

Answer 2

B
In the normal infant heart, blood from the right atrium travels through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, and then continues through the pulmonary valve crossing into the pulmonary artery and lungs.

Question 3

Echocardiography aids in diagnosing all of the following EXCEPT:

A) ventricular septal defect
B) Tetralogy of Fallot
C) abdominal aortic aneurysm
D) transposition of the great arteries

Answer 3

C
Echocardiography does not aid in diagnosing abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Question 4

The pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood and return it to the left atrium ___

Question 5

Which of the following is the best view for PW or CW Doppler of the aortic valve?

A) Apical Long Axis view
B) Apical Two Chamber view
C) Parasternal Short Axis view aortic valve level
D) Parasternal Long Axis view

Question 6

The oxygen content and intracardiac pressures are higher on the right side of the heart than on the left. _____

Question 7

In fetal development, if the bulboventricular looping is to the right, the result is dextrocardia. ____

Question 8

On 2D, the heart has a soft, homogeneous, even textured appearance ranging from medium to low intensity. ____

Question 9

On the electrocardiogram, what wave signals the onset of ventricular contraction?

A) P wave
B) T wave
C) QRS wave
D) E wave

Question 10

The best view to image the coronary artery ostia is the

A) Parasternal Short Axis view aortic valve level (base)
B) Apical 4-chamber
C) Parasternal Long axis view
D) Parasternal Short axis view papillary muscle level

Question 11

The heart is the primary organ that provides the force that propels blood through the veins as well as the arteries. ____

Question 12

The oxygen content in the pulmonary circuit is higher then in the systemic circuit. ____

Question 13

In the normal heart, the right and left innominate veins come together connecting them to the superior vena cava. ____

Question 14

The M-mode tracings of the mitral valve should be taken at the tips of the leaflets when in the parasternal view. ____

Question 15

Name two hormones secreted by the body that increase the heart rate.

A) Coumadin and Heparin
B) Lopressor and Inderal
C) Epinephrine and Thyroid Hormone
D) all of the above

Question 16

The heart functions to

A) distribute medications throughout the body.
B) move antibodies and white blood cells to areas of infection.
C) dispose of waste products.
D) all of the above.

Question 17

The Cardiologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment while the Thoracic Surgeon specializes in structural modification of the heart. ____

Question 18

What structural differences of the right ventricle help distinguish it from the left ventricle?

A) infundibular muscle band (true outflow tract)
B) moderator band
C) heavily trabeculated endocranium
D) all of the above

Question 19

Subxiphoid imaging is best used to help

A) interrogate the interatrial septum
B) determine situs
C) check for pericardial effusion
D) All of the above

Question 20

In the long axis of the aortic arch (suprasternal notch view), using blood direction, in what sequence will you encounter the normal head/neck vessels?

A) left common carotid, left subclavian, innominate artery
B) innominate, left common carotid, left subclavian artery
C) right subclavian, right common carotid, innominate artery
D) innominate, left subclavian, left common carotid artery