Deck 16: Endocrine System

Question 1

Insulin is secreted by the

A) liver
B) islets of Langerhans
C) suprarenal glands
D) pituitary

Answer 1

islets of Langerhans

Question 2

The suffix -drome means

A) run, running
B) softening
C) painful
D) extremities, height

Answer 2

run, running

Question 3

The term that means state of total deficient pituitary gland activity is

A) hypopituitarism
B) panhypopituitarism
C) hyperpituitarism
D) hyperglycemia

Answer 3

panhypopituitarism

Question 4

The combining form that means extremities, height is

A) thyr/o
B) kal/i
C) natr/o
D) acr/o

Question 5

The adrenal medulla secretes

A) cortisol
B) ADH
C) epinephrine
D) insulin

Question 6

The hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex is

A) growth hormone
B) adrenocorticotropic hormone
C) oxytocin hormone
D) antidiuretic hormone

Question 7

The combining form that means calcium is

A) kal/i
B) natr/o
C) dips/o
D) calc/i

Question 8

The hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor is

A) growth hormone
B) thyroid-stimulating hormone
C) oxytocin
D) adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 9

The combining form that means gland is

A) adren/o
B) adrenal/o
C) endocrin/o
D) aden/o

Question 10

The combining form that means potassium is

A) natr/o
B) kal/i
C) aden/o
D) calc/i

Question 11

The combining form thyr/o is defined as

A) parathyroid gland
B) thyroid gland
C) endocrine gland
D) cortex

Question 12

The combining form cortic/o means

A) calcium
B) cortisol
C) cortex
D) endocrine

Question 13

Thyroxine, the hormone that is necessary for body cell metabolism, is secreted by the

A) pituitary gland
B) thyroid gland
C) hypothalamus
D) parathyroid glands

Question 14

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is also called

A) hypophysis cerebri
B) neurohypophysis
C) hypothalamus
D) adenohypophysis

Question 15

The hormone that helps to maintain the level of calcium in the blood is

A) thyroxine
B) parathormone
C) insulin
D) aldosterone

Question 16

Hormones are distributed through the body by

A) tissue fluid
B) the lymph
C) the blood
D) secretions

Question 17

The endocrine gland that is approximately the size of a pea and located at the base of the brain is the

A) pituitary
B) thyroid
C) parathyroid
D) adrenal

Question 18

The parathyroid glands are located

A) in front of the thyroid gland
B) in the posterior aspects of the lobes of the thyroid gland
C) above the kidneys
D) at the base of the brain

Question 19

Dips/o is a combining form meaning

A) double
B) poison
C) thirst
D) height

Question 20

The endocrine gland, located above each kidney and divided into portions called the medulla and cortex, is the

A) thyroid gland
B) parathyroid gland
C) adrenal gland
D) islets of Langerhans

Question 21

The term parathyroidoma is defined as

A) a tumor of the parathyroid gland
B) enlargement (of one or both) of the adrenal glands
C) an abnormal condition of poisoning
D) enlargement of the extremities

Question 22

The term given to the condition that results from a deficiency of thyroid hormone is

A) acidosis
B) tetany
C) ketosis
D) myxedema

Question 23

The term that means excision of the thyroid gland is

A) thyroidectomy
B) thyroidotomy
C) thyroparathyroidectomy
D) parathyroidectomy

Question 24

The term hyperglycemia is defined as

A) an excessive level of potassium in the blood
B) a deficient level of sugar in the blood
C) an excessive level of sugar in the blood
D) a deficient level of sodium in the blood

Question 25

The term adenectomy is defined as an excision of

A) the adrenal gland
B) a gland
C) the thyroid gland
D) the anterior lobe

Question 26

The term hyponatremia means a deficiency of which substance in the blood?

A) potassium
B) calcium
C) sodium
D) sugar

Question 27

A blood study that gives the direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the blood is a

A) thyroid-stimulating hormone level
B) thyroxine level
C) radioactive iodine uptake
D) fasting blood sugar

Question 28

A condition brought about by an abnormal accumulation of metabolic acid products is

A) acidosis
B) ketosis
C) myxedema
D) tetany

Question 29

Enlargement (of one or both) of the adrenal glands is called

A) hyperadrenalism
B) acromegaly
C) adrenomegaly
D) adrenalitis

Question 30

The term that means a state of excessive thyroid gland activity is

A) parathyroidoma
B) hypothyroidism
C) hyperkalemia
D) hyperthyroidism

Question 31

A condition affecting nerves causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium is

A) acidosis
B) ketosis
C) goiter
D) tetany

Question 32

The term thyroidotomy is defined as

A) an excision of the thyroid gland
B) an excision of a parathyroid gland
C) an incision of the thyroid gland
D) the surgical repair of the thyroid gland

Question 33

A chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that can cause chronic renal failure, retinopathy, and neuropathy is

A) diabetes insipidus
B) pheochromocytoma
C) Graves disease
D) diabetes mellitus

Question 34

A nuclear medicine test that measures thyroid function is a

A) thyroid-stimulating hormone level
B) thyroxine level
C) radioactive iodine uptake
D) thyroid scan

Question 35

The term acromegaly is defined as

A) enlargement of the extremities
B) a tumor of the parathyroid gland
C) enlargement (of one or both) of the adrenal glands
D) an abnormal condition of poisoning

Question 36

The term hypothyroidism means

A) state of excessive thyroid activity
B) deficient level of calcium in the blood
C) deficient level of sodium in the blood
D) state of deficient thyroid activity

Question 37

A decrease in the activity of the antidiuretic hormone produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland results in

A) diabetes mellitus
B) Addison disease
C) diabetes insipidus
D) Cushing syndrome

Question 38

A condition brought about by hypersecretion of the pituitary growth hormone is

A) goiter
B) acidosis
C) gigantism
D) tetany

Question 39

A group of signs and symptoms attributed to the excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortex is

A) Cushing syndrome
B) Addison disease
C) cretinism
D) gigantism

Question 40

The term that means the enlargement of the thyroid gland is

A) myxedema
B) adrenomegaly
C) goiter
D) acromegaly

Question 41

The abbreviation for the chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism is

A) DM
B) RAIU
C) FBS
D) DI

Question 42

The term that means a narrow strip of tissue connecting two larger parts in the body is

A) fistula
B) hormone
C) isthmus
D) metabolism

Question 43

The term euglycemia is defined as

A) a normal level of sugar in the blood
B) an increase in calcium
C) an abnormal state of much thirst
D) calcium in the blood

Question 44

The term syndrome is defined as

A) (any) disease of the endocrine system
B) signs and symptoms occurring together
C) the identification of a disease
D) state of before knowledge

Question 45

The excessive concentrations of circulating parathyroid hormone appeared to be caused by a tumor of the parathyroid gland or

A) parathyroidoma
B) thyrotoxicosis
C) thyroiditis
D) thyroidparathyroidectomy

Question 46

The term corticoid means

A) pertaining to the cortex
B) disease of the adrenal gland
C) resembling the cortex
D) excessive development of the adrenal cortex

Question 47

The sum total of the chemical processes that take place in a living organism is called

A) calcipenia
B) exophthalmos
C) metabolism
D) endocrinology

Question 48

A blood test used to monitor diabetic treatment by measuring the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin coated with sugar) in the blood, providing an indication of blood sugar level over the past three months, was ordered by the endocrinologist to monitor the patient's treatment for diabetes. The name of the blood test is

A) fasting blood sugar
B) radioactive uptake test
C) glycosylated hemoglobin
D) thyroxine level

Question 49

The patient had signs and symptoms that included insulin resistance, obesity characterized by excessive fat around the waist and abdomen, hypertension, hyperglycemia, elevated triglycerides, and low levels of the "good" cholesterol HDL. The patient's physician concluded that she had

A) myxedema
B) Cushing syndrome
C) ketosis
D) metabolic syndrome

Question 50

A blood test that provides an indication of blood sugar level over the past three months is

A) FBS
B) Hb A1C
C) T4
D) TSH

Question 51

The term polydipsia is defined as

A) a set of symptoms that run together
B) excessive development of the adrenal cortex
C) an abnormal state of much thirst
D) excessive fluid intake

Question 52

The abbreviation representing the hormone that stimulates the kidney to reabsorb water is

A) ACTH
B) GH
C) FSH
D) ADH

Question 53

The abbreviation for the diagnostic test that determines the amount of glucose in the blood is

A) RAIU
B) T4
C) FBS
D) TSH

Question 54

The term that means substances secreted by the endocrine glands is

A) corticoids
B) hormones
C) isthmus
D) ketones

Question 55

Weakness, darkening of skin, and loss of appetite were some of the signs and symptoms experienced by the patient diagnosed with a chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex or

A) Graves disease
B) diabetes insipidus
C) myxedema
D) Addison disease

Question 56

The term adrenopathy is defined as

A) (any) disease of the endocrine system
B) a disease of the adrenal gland
C) resembling the cortex
D) an abnormal protrusion of the eyeball

Question 57

The patient who was eventually diagnosed with Graves disease first presented with the abnormal protrusion of the eyeball, or

A) goiter
B) exophthalmos
C) hyperthyroidism
D) isthmus

Question 58

A patient had signs and symptoms that included fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. The physician prescribed treatment for

A) hypothyroidism
B) thyroiditis
C) hypopituitarism
D) hyperglycemia

Question 59

The abbreviation representing the hormone that promotes development of glandular tissue during pregnancy and produces milk after birth of an infant is

A) GH
B) PRH
C) ADH
D) FSH

Question 60

The term euthyroid is defined as resembling a/an

A) stressed thyroid gland
B) normal thyroid gland
C) enlarged thyroid gland
D) small thyroid gland

Question 62

MATCHING
a. hypothalamus
b. pituitary gland
c. parathyroid glands
d. islets of Langerhans
e. posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)
f. thyroid gland
g. anterior lobe (adenohypophysis)
h. adrenal glands
1. produces and secretes the growth hormone
2. largest endocrine gland
3. located above each kidney
4. stores and releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
5. secretes "releasing hormone" that stimulates or inhibits the release of pituitary gland hormones
6. secretes insulin and glucagon
7. referred to as the master gland
8. hormone produced by this gland helps maintain the level of calcium in blood

Question 64

MATCHING
a. cortic/o
b. endocrin/o
c. dips/o
d. calc/i
e. -drome
f. natr/o
g. kal/i
h. acr/o
9. endocrine
10. run, running
11. extremities, height
12. thirst
13. cortex
14. calcium
15. sodium
16. potassium

Question 66

MATCHING
a. hyperthyroidism
b. cretinism
c. thyroidotomy
d. thyroid-stimulating hormone level
e. adrenopathy
f. metabolism
g. corticoid
h. ketosis
17. resembling the cortex
18. used to diagnose hypothyroidism and to monitor patients on thyroid replacement therapy
19. sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism
20. condition caused by congenital absence or atrophy of the thyroid gland (also called congenital hypothyroidism)
21. condition of the body having an abnormal concentration of ketone bodies
22. incision of the thyroid gland
23. state of excessive thyroid gland activity
24. disease of the adrenal gland

Question 68

MATCHING
a. hypoglycemia
b. acromegaly
c. gigantism
d. goiter
e. adrenalectomy
f. radioactive iodine uptake
g. syndrome
h. hormone
25. enlargement of the thyroid gland
26. measures thyroid function
27. deficient sugar in the blood
28. a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland
29. enlargement of the extremities
30. signs and symptoms occurring together that are characteristic of a specific disorder
31. condition brought about by hypersecretion of growth hormone
32. excision of one or both adrenal glands

Question 70

MATCHING
a. DI
b. TSH
c. FSH
d. PRH
e. T4
f. DM
g. FBS
h. GH
33. diabetes mellitus
34. thyroxine level
35. prolactin-releasing hormone
36. growth hormone
37. thyroid-stimulating hormone
38. fasting blood sugar
39. follicle-stimulating hormone
40. diabetes insipidus