Deck 12: Lung

Question 1

Which one of the following lung tumors has the best prognosis?

A) Mesothelioma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Small cell carcinoma
D) Large cell carcinoma
E) Carcinoid tumor

Answer 1

Carcinoid tumor

Question 2

Which of the following pathogens is the most common cause of pulmonary abscesses?

A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Escherichia coli

Answer 2

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 3

Which of the following lung diseases is classified as restrictive rather than obstructive?

A) Asthma
B) Chronic bronchitis
C) Bronchiectasis
D) Pneumoconiosis
E) Emphysema

Answer 3

Pneumoconiosis

Question 4

A primary lung cancer was found in the apex of the lung of a 78-year-old woman who never smoked Microscopically, the tumor was composed of mucus-secreting cuboidal cells arranged in gland-like structures. This tumor is most likely

A) an adenocarcinoma
B) a squamous cell carcinoma
C) a small cell carcinoma
D) a large cell carcinoma
E) a carcinoid tumor

Question 5

This lung lesion was found at the autopsy of a 40-year-old man who suffered extensive burns to 50% of his body surface. These changes are most consistent with the diagnosis of

A) atelectasis
B) emphysema
C) bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
D) adult respiratory distress syndrome
E) lobar pneumonia

Question 6

In the bronchiectases of cystic fibrosis, bronchial plugging with mucus is often accompanied by infection with which of the following pathogens?

A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Legionella pneumophila

Question 7

Which bacterium is the most common cause of lobar pneumonia in chronic alcoholics?

A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Legionella pneumophila

Question 8

Which is the most prevalent chronic occupational lung disease found worldwide?

A) Complicated coal workers' pneumoconiosis
B) Asbestosis
C) Berylliosis
D) Silicosis
E) Stannosis

Question 9

The inhalation of which substance is the most common cause of "humidifier" or "air-conditioner" lung?

A) Thermophilic bacteria
B) Cotton fibers
C) Animal proteins
D) Plant proteins
E) Talc

Question 10

A 30-year-old man was found to have atypical pneumonia that was accompanied by elevation of cold agglutinin in the serum. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this pneumonia?

A) Parainfluenza virus
B) Influenza virus
C) Chlamydia trachomatis
D) Coxiella burnetii
E) Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 11

A retired man who had worked in the shipyards most of his life was found to have pleural plaques and mesothelioma. These pathologic changes are most likely a complication of which type of pneumoconiosis?

A) Simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis
B) Progressive massive fibrosis
C) Anthracosis
D) Asbestosis
E) Silicoanthracosis

Question 12

Bronchospasms in patients with nonatopic asthma who have normal IgE blood levels are most often precipitated by

A) bacteria
B) viruses
C) fungi
D) aspirin
E) exercise

Question 13

Pulmonary infection characterized by predominance of macrophages involving predominantly small bronchioli and sparing the large bronchioli is most typical of infection caused by

A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Legionella pneumophila

Question 14

Hyaline membranes in the alveoli of lungs affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are composed of

A) surfactant
B) eosinophils
C) fibrin
D) fungi
E) collagen

Question 15

This lung lesion is diagnostic of

A) anthracosis
B) asbestosis
C) silicosis
D) bagassosis
E) berylliosis

Question 16

This lung lesion was identified at the autopsy of a 40-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is illustrated here in a hematoxylin and eosin stained section and a silver methenamine impregnated section. This lesion is caused by a

A) bacterium
B) fungus
C) virus
D) protozoon
E) nematode