Deck 5: Personal Nutrition

Question 1

An example of a carbohydrate that provides the brain with fuel is:

A)pasta.
B)butter
C)chicken.
D)fish.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Nutrients required by the body in the greatest amounts are:

A)micronutrients.
B)essential nutrients.
C)macronutrients.
D)minerals.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Pure vegetarians who eat only plant foods are known as:

A)vegans.
B)lacto-vegetarians.
C)ovo-lacto-vegetarians.
D)lacto-ovo-pesco-vegetarians.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Each gram of fat supplies how many calories?

A)2
B)4
C)7
D)9

Question 5

Which of the following helps put carbohydrates,fats,and proteins to use and helps in manufacturing blood cells and hormones?

A)phytochemicals
B)triglycerides
C)vitamins
D)trans fat

Question 6

Proteins that provide nine essential amino acids are called:

A)simple.
B)complete.
C)incomplete.
D)complex.

Question 7

Which of the following is considered a type of fiber that is naturally occurring in plant foods?

A)dietary
B)simple
C)functional
D)complex

Question 8

Which of the following is considered a type of fiber that can be added to foods to benefit humans?

A)dietary
B)simple
C)functional
D)complex

Question 9

Oxygen molecules that are formed by normal metabolic processes and are damaging to body cells are called:

A)free radicals.
B)atoms.
C)deoxyribonucleic acids.
D)coenzymes.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a good example of complementary proteins?

A)beans and rice
B)sesame seeds and chickpeas
C)soy and rice
D)peas and carrots

Question 11

Vegetarians who eat dairy products as well as grains,fruits,and vegetables are called:

A)vegans.
B)lacto-vegetarians.
C)ovo-lacto-vegetarians.
D)lacto-ovo-pesco-vegetarians.

Question 12

In men and women,respectively,bone mass peaks between the ages of:

A)15 and 25.
B)25 and 35.
C)35 and 45.
D)45 and 55.

Question 13

A source of energy that also serves as a carrier for certain vitamins is:

A)fat.
B)water.
C)protein.
D)fiber.

Question 14

Whole grains would be classified as what type of nutrient?

A)mineral
B)complex carbohydrate
C)protein
D)fat

Question 15

Which statement describes an incomplete protein?

A)It is a protein that has simple sugars in it.
B)It has all nine essential amino acids.
C)It is a combination of both incomplete and complete proteins.
D)It has relatively low levels of one or more essential amino acids.

Question 16

Protein supplies how many calories per gram?

A)2
B)4
C)7
D)9

Question 17

Vitamins that are absorbed directly into the blood and then used up or washed out of the body are known as:

A)fat-soluble vitamins.
B)water-soluble vitamins.
C)simple vitamins.
D)complex vitamins.

Question 18

The basic framework for muscles,bones,blood,hair,and fingernails is:

A)fat.
B)carbohydrates.
C)protein.
D)minerals.

Question 19

An essential nutrient that may be difficult to find in a vegetarian diet is:

A)fiber.
B)carbohydrates.
C)protein.
D)minerals.

Question 20

Each gram of carbohydrate supplies how many calories?

A)2
B)4
C)7
D)9

Question 21

Which of the following statements concerning vitamin D is FALSE?

A)Vitamin D is essential for bone health,cognitive function and pain control.
B)Vitamin D lowers the risk of heart disease.
C)Vitamin D increases blood pressure and the production of renin in the kidneys.
D)Vitamin D helps the body fight off the flu and other upper respiratory tract infections.

Question 22

Whole grains,vegetables,and nuts are examples of:

A)complex carbohydrates.
B)incomplete carbohydrates.
C)functional carbohydrates.
D)simple carbohydrates.

Question 23

Which of the following statements concerning phytochemicals is FALSE?

A)Phytochemicals are found naturally in fats.
B)Phytochemicals act as antioxidants in the body.
C)Lycopene is a phytochemical found in tomatoes.
D)Phytochemicals provide some protection against some cancers.

Question 24

Nutrients that the body cannot manufacture for itself and must obtain from food are called:

A)essential nutrients.
B)antioxidants.
C)complex nutrients.
D)functional nutrients.

Question 25

Which of the following statements concerning soft drink consumption is FALSE?

A)Researchers have linked soft drinks with higher caloric intake and higher body weight.
B)Researchers have found a strong association between soft drinks and greater risk of heart disease.
C)Soft drinks and those sweetened with artificial sweeteners may increase hunger and decrease feelings of satiety or fullness.
D)Young adults with higher levels of education and income consume the most soda.

Question 26

Water,protein,fats,vitamins,minerals,and carbohydrates are:

A)micronutrients.
B)antioxidants.
C)essential nutrients
D)incomplete nutrients.

Question 27

Trans fats:

A)lower LDL or "bad" cholesterol levels.
B)increase HDL or "good" cholesterol levels.
C)are found in baked foods,fried foods,and margarine products.
D)are not as damaging as saturated fats.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a key theme of the MyPlate dietary guidelines?

A)It is better to eat healthy than to enjoy your food.
B)It is better to avoid oversized portions.
C)Try to make half of your plate fruits and vegetables.
D)It is best to replace sugary drinks with water.

Question 29

Glycemic load:

A)measures how much a typical serving size of a particular food raises blood glucose.
B)measures how many carbohydrates are in a particular food.
C)is a ranking of carbohydrates based on their immediate effect on blood sugar.
D)refers to how much energy it takes to process carbohydrates in the body.

Question 30

Improper home canning is the most common cause of:

A)botulism.
B)Listeria infection.
C)E.coli infection.
D)trichinosis.

Question 31

Foods produced without the use of pesticides or chemically formulated fertilizers are:

A)inorganic.
B)irradiated.
C)organic.
D)toxic.

Question 32

The bacterium found mainly in undercooked meat,poultry,and eggs is:

A)Listeria.
B)E.coli.
C)hepatitis A.
D)Salmonella.

Question 33

Natural sugars like fructose and lactose,as well as added sugars,are examples of:

A)complex carbohydrates.
B)incomplete carbohydrates.
C)functional carbohydrates.
D)simple carbohydrates.

Question 34

In 2011,the USDA introduced a new food pattern icon to serve as a visual reminder for healthy eating called:

A)MyPyramid.
B)MyMeal.
C)MyPlate.
D)MyGuidelines.

Question 35

Proteins that contain all the amino acids needed by the body for growth and maintenance are called:

A)complementary proteins.
B)functional proteins.
C)incomplete proteins.
D)complete proteins.

Question 36

Which of the following statements is FALSE with regards to omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids?

A)These fatty acids are polyunsaturated fats.
B)Regular consumption of omega-3 fatty acids helps prevent blood clots and lower blood pressure.
C)Omega-3 fatty acids are found in foods like salmon,flaxseed,and walnuts.
D)The recommended ratio for consumption of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids is 1 to 1.

Question 37

Vitamins A,D,E,and K,which are absorbed through the intestinal membranes and stored in the body,are known as:

A)fat-soluble vitamins.
B)water-soluble vitamins.
C)simple vitamins.
D)complex vitamins.

Question 38

Vitamins and minerals are:

A)micronutrients.
B)antioxidants.
C)macronutrients.
D)incomplete nutrients.

Question 39

About what percentage of calories consumed by Americans over age 2 comes from sweetened beverages like fruit juice and soft drinks?

A)5 percent
B)10 percent
C)15 percent
D)20 percent

Question 40

Glycemic index:

A)measures how much a typical serving size of a particular food raises blood glucose.
B)measures how many carbohydrates are in a particular food.
C)is a ranking of carbohydrates based on their immediate effect on blood sugar.
D)refers to how much energy it takes to process carbohydrates in the body.

Question 41

To aid in proper fluid balance,the body needs the mineral ____________________.

Question 42

____________________ fats such as butter are usually solid at room temperature.

Question 43

____________________ helps maintain body temperature,lubricate joints,digest food,and rid the body of waste.

Question 44

_______________ helps slow the emptying of the stomach,create a feeling of fullness,prevent the absorption of cholesterol,and prevent constipation.

Question 45

____________________ are compounds that exist naturally in plants,act like antioxidants,mimic hormones,and reduce the risk of various illnesses,including cancer.

Question 46

_______________ are organic compounds such as starches and sugars,and are sources of energy for the body.

Question 47

The number of calories needed to sustain the body at rest is called the __________ __________ __________.

Question 48

Examples of micronutrients include ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 49

_____________ are organic compounds composed of amino acids.

Question 50

_____________ _____________ is a ranking of carbohydrates based on their immediate effect on blood glucose levels.

Question 51

Nutrients needed in large amounts for the human body are known as ____________________.

Question 52

Refining of whole __________ involves a process that removes vitamins,minerals,and fiber.

Question 53

__________ ____________ is formed when vegetable oils are processed to make more solid fats,and is considered to be especially dangerous.

Question 54

____________________ sugars are those found in candy and sodas.

Question 55

The most abundant mineral in the body,which helps to build strong bones,is ____________________.

Question 56

The field of ___________________ is the study of dietary needs for food and the effects of food on organisms.

Question 57

A diet that emphasizes vegetables,fruits,nuts,olive oil,and grains,with only a small amount of meats and full-fat milk,is called the:

A)DASH Eating Plan.
B)USDA Food Patterns.
C)vegan diet.
D)Mediterranean diet.

Question 58

Incomplete proteins that provide all the amino acids essential for protein synthesis when combined are called _____________ ______________.

Question 59

After the skin is exposed to sunlight,the body creates _________ _____,which is essential for bone health,cognitive function,pain control,preventing heart disease,and protecting against infection.

Question 60

The bacteria ____________________ are found mainly in hot dogs,deli meats,soft cheeses,raw meat,and unpasteurized milk.

Question 61

Explain how the two types of vitamins become absorbed in the body and which ones are in each category.

Question 62

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
prevent damaging effects of oxidation in cells

Question 63

Critique the various types of vegetarian diets,discussing the safest and healthiest options.What are the advantages and disadvantages of vegetarian diets?

Question 64

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
the number of calories per gram of fat

Question 65

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
helps maintain proper fluid balance

Question 66

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
number of calories per gram of protein

Question 67

Analyze three different ethnic diets.Give advantages (or disadvantages)to improve on a healthy lifestyle diet.

Question 68

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
whole grains,vegetables,beans,and nuts

Question 69

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
number of calories needed to sustain the body at rest

Question 70

Water,protein,fats,_____________,___________,and ___________ are six classes of essential nutrients that the body cannot manufacture by itself.

Question 71

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
vitamins A,D,E,and K

Question 72

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
animal fat

Question 73

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
essential building blocks of protein

Question 74

Explain how the six essential nutrients function to support and keep the body healthy.

Question 75

Match the items.
a.complex carbohydrates
b.fat-soluble
c.9
d.antioxidants
e.4
f.water-soluble
g.basal metabolic rate
h.sodium
i.saturated
j.amino acids
B vitamins and vitamin C

Question 76

Explain which foods most people need to add more of in their diet and why.