Deck 8: Social Influence, Socialization, and Organizational Culture

Question 1

If I conform to your wishes because I admire you and see myself as similar to you,I am conforming due to ________.

Answer 1

identification

Question 2

Jemma conformed to the norms of her organization because she truly believed in and supported them.This is an example of conformity because of ________.

Answer 2

internalization

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of compliance?

A)It occurs because a member subscribes to the beliefs and values underlying the norm.
B)It occurs because a member wishes to avoid punishment.
C)It occurs because a member wishes to acquire rewards.
D)It primarily involves effect dependence.
E)It is the simplest, most direct motive for conformity to group norms.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Information dependence can be explained by ________ information processing theory.

Question 5

What is the most likely motive for mere compliance to a request?

A)You identify with the person making the request.
B)You truly believe in the idea underlying the request.
C)You are afraid of the person making the request.
D)You like the person making the request.
E)The request is easy and straightforward.

Question 6

Internalization is a stronger and deeper motive for conformity to organizational norms than is identification.

Question 7

Which motive for conformity most clearly involves effect dependence?

A)Socialization
B)Identification
C)Internalization
D)Compliance
E)Dissension

Question 8

"My country,right or wrong" suggests that the speaker will conform to national norms due to ________.

Question 9

After beginning her new job,Mika wasn't sure how she should think,feel,and act around her co-workers.She felt very dependent on her co-workers.What is this an example of?

A)Socialization
B)Information dependence
C)Effect dependence
D)Unrealistic expectations
E)Psychological contract

Question 10

Why do people conform to social norms?

Question 11

After beginning her new job,Mika quickly realizes that she'd better listen to what her co-workers want her to do because they could be friendly and helpful or they could ignore her and not ask her to join them for lunch.What is this an example of?

A)Socialization
B)Information dependence
C)Effect dependence
D)Unrealistic expectations
E)Psychological contract

Question 12

Bob is very afraid that his boss will fire him.This is an example of effect dependence.

Question 13

________ means that people are motivated to conform to avoid punishment or obtain rewards.

Question 14

Effect dependence is explained by social information processing theory.

Question 15

Mario acts in accordance with group norms because he believes that the norms are truly right.He ________ the norms.

A)is complying with
B)has internalized
C)is identifying with
D)is imitating
E)is dissenting from

Question 16

If I conform to my boss's wishes because of identification,I am conforming because

A)I'm afraid of her.
B)I see myself as similar to her.
C)I might be able to get her to recommend me for promotion.
D)I absolutely believe, trust, and accept her directives.
E)I believe the issues at hand are difficult and ambiguous.

Question 17

The patriotic soldier truly agreed with the statement "My country,right or wrong." His agreement is indicative of

A)internalization.
B)identification.
C)compliance.
D)effect dependence.
E)dissension.

Question 18

Information dependence can be explained by

A)social association theory.
B)social information processing theory.
C)socialization processing theory.
D)information dependence theory.
E)social dependence processing theory.

Question 19

When conformity occurs because it is seen as right,it is known as

A)compliance.
B)effect dependence.
C)identification.
D)information dependence.
E)internalization.

Question 20

Compliance with organizational norms and goals is clear evidence that these norms and goals have been internalized.

Question 21

The following socialization sequence is portrayed in the text: Anticipatory socialization -> Role management -> encounter.

Question 22

Person-job fit refers to the

A)match between an employee's personality and the requirements of a job.
B)match between an employee's knowledge, skills, and abilities, and the requirements of a job.
C)match between an employee's personal values and the requirements of a job.
D)match between an employee's personality and the personality of the organization.
E)match between an employee's previous work experience and new job.

Question 23

Harjit Dhaliwal is a new sales representative for Kapster Enterprises.He enjoys making sales calls and meeting with clients,but dislikes the weekly paperwork that he has to prepare for head office.He initially feels that weekly activity reports are a bureaucratic waste of time,but he dutifully completes them to avoid any trouble with head office.After several months,Harjit attends his first national sales meeting at which the VP of Marketing stresses the importance of accurate information from the field.Harjit begins to appreciate the importance of the reports and now understands why head office needs them on a timely basis each week.After the meeting,Harjit is asked by his boss to train a new sales rep who has just been hired in a nearby territory.In showing the new worker the ropes,Harjit is heard to say,"These weekly reports are very important.You won't understand now,but you will later." Explain Harjit's metamorphosis in terms of compliance,identification,and internalization.

Question 24

What kinds of fit are important for socialization?

A)PJ fit, PO fit, PE fit
B)PJ fit, PG fit, PE fit
C)PO fit, PG fit, PE fit
D)PJ fit, PO fit, PG fit
E)PO fit and PG fit

Question 25

In his last year of college,even before he took a job with a conservative bank,Randall began wearing three piece suits regularly.To which stage of socialization does this example refer?

A)Role management
B)Debasement
C)Encounter
D)Anticipatory socialization
E)Identification

Question 26

Person-organization fit refers to

A)the match between an employee's knowledge, skills, and abilities, and the requirements of a job.
B)the match between an employee's personality and the personality of other members of the organization.
C)the match between an employee's goals and the goals of the organization.
D)the match between an employee's personal values and the values of the organization.
E)the match between an employee's expectations and the expectations of the organization.

Question 27

Soon after starting a new job,Carman beings to define herself in terms of the organization and what it is perceived to represent.What is this called?

A)Person-job fit
B)Social integration
C)Person-organization fit
D)Organizational identification
E)Internalization

Question 28

There are generally three kinds of fit that are important for socialization.

Question 29

Anticipatory socialization occurs before a person actually joins an organization.

Question 30

Socialization is the process by which people learn the attitudes,knowledge,and behaviours necessary to function in a group or organization.

Question 31

Even before he graduated from business school,Stan replaced his knapsack with an expensive leather briefcase.This is an example of

A)a realistic job preview.
B)anticipatory socialization.
C)a strong culture.
D)collective socialization.
E)debasement.

Question 32

Which of the following depicts the socialization process?

A)Socialization methods -> Encounter stage -> Outcomes
B)Socialization methods -> Anticipatory socialization -> Encounter stage
C)Socialization methods -> Distal outcomes -> Proximal outcomes
D)Socialization methods -> Proximal outcomes -> Distal outcomes
E)Distal outcomes -> Proximal outcomes -> Socialization methods

Question 33

What do newcomers need to learn about during the socialization process?

A)Task, performance expectations, psychological contract, organization
B)Performance expectations, psychological contract, culture, task
C)Health and safety issues, terms and conditions of employment, psychological contract, organizational procedures
D)Task, role, group, organization
E)Career and psychosocial functions

Question 34

At which stage of socialization is the new organizational member most likely to be information dependent and effect dependent on experienced organizational members?

A)Role management
B)Internalization
C)Anticipatory socialization
D)Encounter
E)Identification

Question 35

All of the following are distal socialization outcomes EXCEPT for

A)person-job fit.
B)organizational identification.
C)organizational commitment.
D)stress.
E)organizational citizenship behaviour.

Question 36

At what stage of the socialization process is the organization looking for an acceptable degree of conformity to organizational norms?

A)Anticipatory stage
B)Encounter stage
C)Role management stage
D)Anticipatory stage and encounter stage
E)It depends on the organization.

Question 37

The kinds of fit that are important for socialization are PJ fit,PO fit,and PE fit.

Question 38

All of the following are proximal socialization outcomes EXCEPT for

A)learning.
B)organizational identification.
C)role conflict.
D)task mastery.
E)social integration.

Question 39

There are generally two kinds of fit that are important for socialization.

Question 40

From the first stage to the last stage,which of the following sequences accurately portrays the stages of organizational socialization?

A)Encounter; anticipatory socialization; role management
B)Anticipatory socialization; role management; encounter
C)Role management; anticipatory socialization; encounter
D)Encounter; role management; anticipatory socialization
E)Anticipatory socialization; encounter; role management

Question 41

Psychological contract breach is a common occurrence.

Question 42

________ socialization is socialization that occurs before a person even joins an organization.

Question 43

The kinds of fit that are important for socialization are PJ fit,PO fit,and PG fit.

Question 44

Salma has just started a new job and is explaining the reciprocal obligations and promises between her and her organization.What is she talking about?

A)Realistic job preview
B)Culture
C)Norms
D)Psychological contract
E)Expectations

Question 45

Describe the socialization process model as presented in the text.

Question 46

Psychological contract breach can occur for the all of the following reasons EXCEPT for

A)when recruiters promise more than the organization can provide.
B)when newcomers lack sufficient information to form accurate perceptions.
C)when downsizing occurs.
D)when too many newcomers are hired at the same time.
E)when restructuring occurs.

Question 47

When newcomers enter an organization,they experience a ________ and their expectations are not met.

Question 48

Research indicates that the expectations people have about organizations before they actually join them

A)are extremely vague.
B)are amazingly accurate.
C)are unrealistically low.
D)are unbelievably poor.
E)are unrealistically high.

Question 49

If a recruiter promises you more than an organization can provide,what might happen after you join the organization?

A)Compliance
B)Psychological contract breach
C)Institutionalized socialization
D)Individualized socialization
E)Downsizing

Question 50

While still in business school,Terrence bought a number of expensive business suits.This is an example of ________ socialization.

Question 51

The three kinds of fit that are important for socialization are PJ fit,PO fit,and ________ fit.

Question 52

Perceptions of psychological contract ________ occur when an employee perceives that his or her organization has failed to fulfill one or more promised obligations of the psychological contract.

Question 53

When people join organizations,they usually have unrealistically low expectations about what the organization will be like.

Question 54

________ fit refers to the match or compatibility between an employee's values and beliefs and the values and beliefs of his or her work group.

Question 55

Inflated positive expectations are common among people before they begin a new job.

Question 56

A psychological contract is

A)the process by which people learn the norms required to function in an organization.
B)conformity to a social norm prompted by the desire to acquire rewards.
C)an explicit agreement between a worker and their employer which states the pay and benefits offered in exchange for work.
D)the shared beliefs, values, and assumptions that exist in an organization.
E)the set of beliefs held by employees concerning the reciprocal obligations between them and their employer.

Question 57

Learning during socialization has often been described in terms of content areas or domains of learning such as the task,________,group,and organization.

Question 58

In the stages of socialization presented in the text,________ falls between anticipatory socialization and role management.

Question 59

Describe the three stages of socialization.Give an example of a type of conformity behaviour which would likely occur at each stage.

Question 60

The extent to which an individual defines him or herself in terms of the organization and what it is perceived to represent is known as ________.

Question 61

The tailor sent the eager apprentice out to find some (nonexistent)striped thread.This is an example of

A)hazing.
B)socialization.
C)debasement.
D)divestiture tactic.
E)all of the above.

Question 62

There are a number of career functions of mentoring.Which of the following is NOT a mentoring career function?

A)Sponsorship
B)Visibility
C)Discipline
D)Coaching
E)Developmental assignments

Question 63

Your organization has discovered that new hires enter the organization with unrealistic expectations.They have asked you to explain why this happens and what can be done about it.What will you say?

Question 64

Which is the best example of collective socialization?

A)Any manager-employee relationship
B)On-the-job training
C)Marine Corps boot camp
D)An apprenticeship
E)Mentoring

Question 65

Given the research findings,an organization would most likely introduce realistic job previews to

A)reduce absenteeism.
B)increase applicant expectations about the job.
C)reduce the effects of socialization.
D)reduce turnover.
E)increase the rate of job offer acceptance by applicants.

Question 66

Collective socialization is NOT used to

A)socialize police officer recruits in a large urban police force.
B)encourage individuality in the way jobs are performed.
C)promote uniform behaviour among organizational members.
D)promote loyalty to the organization.
E)train soldiers in army boot camp.

Question 67

Which mentoring relationship is most likely to experience difficulties?

A)Female protégé, female mentor
B)Male protégé, female mentor
C)Male protégé, male mentor
D)Female protégé, male mentor
E)Visible minority protégé, visible minority mentor

Question 68

Mentoring provides a number of career enhancing benefits for the apprentice.These include

A)recognition and a "positive reinforcer" for being included in such a program.
B)sponsorship, exposure and visibility, and developmental assignments.
C)acceptance and confirmation, optimal levels of stress, and financial incentives.
D)special tours of company facilities and presentations by top managers.
E)rigorous divestiture and debasement experiences.

Question 69

Which person least likely experienced collective socialization with regard to her work?

A)An IBM salesperson
B)A police officer
C)An airline cabin attendant
D)A soldier
E)A novelist

Question 70

Igor has just started a job and is telling you about the reciprocal obligations and promises between him and his organization or what others refer to as a ________.

Question 71

Research on women and mentoring suggests that

A)men have far more problems establishing this relationship due to the threat they pose to their mentors.
B)women, unlike men, build successful careers through peer relationships rather than linking up with a mentor.
C)women tend to link up with male mentors and men tend to link up with female mentors because cross-gender dynamics help cement these relationships.
D)women who make it to executive positions invariably have had a mentor earlier in their careers.
E)women generally make better mentors than men.

Question 72

What socialization tactics are also known as debasement or hazing?

A)Investiture
B)Serial
C)Disjunctive
D)Divestiture
E)Random

Question 73

Which practice is most likely to lead to uniform conformity to a standard set of organizational norms?

A)Individual socialization
B)Socialization by external agents
C)Collective socialization
D)Socialization via debasement
E)Disjunctive socialization

Question 74

Individualized socialization involves all of the following tactics EXCEPT

A)informal tactics.
B)random tactics.
C)variable tactics.
D)serial tactics.
E)disjunctive tactics.

Question 75

The first day on his new job,John's experienced workmates sent him to the equipment shed to ask the attendant for a ridiculously named,nonexistent tool.John came back very embarrassed,much to their amusement.This is NOT an example of

A)debasement.
B)a realistic job preview.
C)hazing.
D)socialization.
E)a divestiture tactic.

Question 76

Rachel has a goal of becoming a criminal lawyer with the prestigious law firm of Shayster & Sosume.Her fascination with the law profession began thee years ago when she became hooked on a weekly television series about lawyers.Since then,she has followed every high profile law story covered in the media and has become familiar with many of the procedural issues in Canadian law.She has just completed her undergraduate degree and hopes to start law school next year.With a bit of luck and a lot of hard work,Rachel expects to be defending her first client in front of a judge and jury within four years.What advice might you give to Rachel about her expectations?

Question 77

Institutionalized socialization involves all of the following tactics EXCEPT

A)collective tactics.
B)serial tactics.
C)investiture tactics.
D)fixed tactics.
E)disjunctive tactics.

Question 78

Organizations that handle a substantial proportion of their own socialization rather than rely on external agents to socialize their members

A)are especially open to new ideas and procedures.
B)don't socialize very extensively and pretty much accept recruits as they are.
C)wish to foster reliable, stable job behaviour over time.
D)expect their recruits to enter the organization with a high degree of anticipatory socialization.
E)are less susceptible to inbreeding.

Question 79

ACME Insurance Company has discovered that many of their employees are feeling angry over a sense of betrayal.Employees believe that their psychological contract with the company has been breached.Management is not sure what all the fuss is about or even what a psychological contract is.You have been hired to help them understand what a psychological contract is,what it means to breach a psychological contract,and the reasons why psychological contract breach occurs.What will you tell them?

Question 80

As normally practised,a realistic job preview

A)concentrates on the bad aspects of the job.
B)portrays both the good and bad aspects of the job.
C)permits a person to try out the job for a couple of weeks.
D)is put in place to reduce employee absenteeism.
E)increases the likelihood of job offer acceptance by applicants.