Deck 26: Hand-Activated Instrumentation

Question 1

When selecting an instrument to scale heavy calculus deposits, which of the following must be considered?

A) Length of the shank
B) Angle of the shank
C) Strength of the shank
D) Texture and shape of the shank

Answer 1

Strength of the shank

Question 2

The advantage(s) of a standing position while scaling the mandibular arch are which of the following?

A) Leverage for applying pressure in calculus removal
B) Enhanced access to reaching to deep periodontally involved areas
C) Diminished static sitting positions
D) All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

Depending on the area to be scaled, area of accessibility, and pocket depth, which of the following intraoral fulcrums may be used?

A) Finger on finger
B) Same arch fulcrum
C) Cross arch fulcrum
D) All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

A client presents with periodontal pockets in maxillary left posteriors with light to moderate burnished calculus along the distal line angles with slightly loose tissue. Which instrument would be the best instrument for calculus removal?

A) 13/14 Gracey curet
B) 13/14 Minibladed curet
C) 13/14 Extended shank curet
D) Universal curet

Question 5

The general purpose of furcation instruments are the following except:

A) finish surfaces in narrow and inaccessible areas.
B) enhance tactile sensitivity.
C) remove light calculus deposits.
D) All of the above are purposes.

Question 6

The smaller the angle and the fewer the number of shank bends, the more suitable for use on anterior teeth. The more acute the angle and the greater the number of shank bends, the more suitable for use on posterior teeth.

A) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 7

The objective of instrument sharpening is to restore blade sharpness. Which clinical outcome is true as a result of a sharp instrument blade?

A) Client safety and comfort is not a factor.
B) Lateral pressure must be increased.
C) Control is increased.
D) Probability of burnished calculus is increased.

Question 8

Which explorer(s) will adapt well to the line angles and detect calculus along these apical regions?

A) 3-A explorer
B) Shepard's hook explorer
C) 11/12 explorer
D) Both a and c
E) All of the above

Question 9

Reinforcement scaling techniques provide support and lateral pressure for all of the following extended fulcrums except:

A) same arch.
B) cross arch.
C) opposite arch.
D) extraoral.

Question 10

A proper body mechanics technique that must be considered while scaling is:

A) maintain less than 20 degrees of freedom during scaling of the arms, neck, and back.
B) clinician must remain in a prolonged sitting position throughout the patient's treatment.
C) clinician base of support is only used during the scaling process.
D) clinician's knees must remain at the same even plane as the hip.

Question 11

The following instrument handle characteristics or specifications are considered to lessen repetitive strain injuries (RSI) except:

A) diameter size.
B) rigidity or strength.
C) weight.
D) texture and shape (serrated or knurled handles allow the fingers to hold the instrument with less effort and as a result lessen fatigue and increase comfort).

Question 12

The fundamental components that a clinician must consider to achieve protective and productive hand activated instrumentation are the following except:

A) grasp.
B) adaptation.
C) lateral pressure.
D) calculus formation.

Question 13

In managing an instrument tip breakage, the dental hygienist must immediately stop instrumentation if a small metal fragment breaks off and inform the client. Low-speed or high-speed aspiration (suction) should be continued to prevent the client from swallowing the metal foreign object.

A) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 14

Which of the following assessment or treatment instruments use a pull and push stroke?

A) Hirschfeld files
B) Chisel scaler
C) Hoe scaler
D) Explorer

Question 15

Which set of treatment instruments are not used for supragingival and subgingival calculus removal where tissue is retractable?

A) Hoe
B) File
C) Sickle
D) Universal

Question 16

Which treatment instrument will roughen and crush the calculus along these apical regions for easier access?

A) Hirschfeld files
B) Area-specific curet
C) Diamond files
D) Chisel scaler

Question 17

Straighter shanked instruments are used mainly for anterior areas: however, what type of fulcrum will allow these instruments to be used in posterior areas?

A) Same arch
B) Opposite arch
C) Cross arch
D) Finger on finger

Question 18

Important factor(s) to consider in a probe design that is too fine and sharp is (are) the following?

A) Subject to damage during sterilization procedures
B) Trauma due to perforation of the nonkeratinizing epithelium junction
C) Patient comfort and safety
D) All of the above

Question 19

Clinicians who practice with finger reinforcement scaling techniques provide which of the following benefits?

A) Additional lateral pressure
B) Guides the instrument in a longer pull stroke
C) Protective scaling qualities
D) All of the above

Question 20

Fulcrums that move further away from the area being scaled may result in:

A) loss of control.
B) diminishing one's ability to scale the area.
C) enhancing access to deep periodontal pockets.
D) diminishing access to interproximal regions.

Question 21

The explorer is designed to detect and assess all of the following except:

A) calculus and dental caries.
B) irregularities in the margins of restorations.
C) gingival recession.
D) anatomic abnormalities.

Question 22

The best stroke to detect burnished calculus is which of the following?

A) Root planing stroke
B) Exploratory stroke
C) Scaling stroke
D) Horizontal stroke

Question 23

The pressure applied during periodontal assessment and treatment varies depending on the purpose of the instrumentation. To explore for calculus deposits, the stroke must have _____ pressure.

A) light
B) light to moderate
C) moderate to firm
D) firm

Question 24

All of the following fulcrum placements will aid in effectively scaling heavy calculus deposits with periodontal pockets in the maxillary right posteriors except:

A) extraoral.
B) intraoral.
C) opposite arch.
D) palm up.

Question 25

Which of the following scaling procedures must be considered to effectively scale heavy calculus deposits with periodontal pockets in the maxillary right posteriors?

A) Fulcrum placement
B) Clinician's position
C) Instrument selection
D) All of the above

Question 26

An operator is seated, scaling the mandibular arch with elbows raised to his or her own shoulder level. Which of the following should be done?

A) Stand up and bend over to the level that will lower the arms below shoulder level.
B) Raise the client's chair higher to improve access.
C) Raise his or her shoulders higher than the elbows.
D) Adjust the client's chair to a lower working height.

Question 27

What portion of the working end of the blade is best used to adapt to a tooth surface during scaling?

A) Entire length of the blade
B) Lower one-third of the blade
C) Only tip or toe of the blade
D) Upper one-third of the blade

Question 28

Comparing the various grasps, the palm-thumb grasp provides the most tactile sensitivity during scaling procedures. It is a very stable grasp where the thumb supplies the source of pressure.

A) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 29

A "basketweave" of strokes can be defined as which of the following?

A) A series of wavy pattern pull strokes
B) Combination of multidirectional strokes
C) Alternating push and pull strokes
D) Nonoverlapping strokes

Question 30

Fulcruming farther away from the immediate working area diminishes the stability of the fulcrum and loss of control. Therefore, an intraoral fulcrum is preferred for scaling or root debridement in periodontally involved areas for stability of the fulcrum.

A) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.