Deck 50: Respiratory Diseases

Question 1

If asthma symptoms persist after administering a client's bronchodilator, what action should be taken?

A) Administer oxygen and epinephrine, monitor vital signs, and call for assistance.
B) Lay the client supine, administer epinephrine, and release the client to travel to the hospital.
C) Check the client's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs); monitor vital signs; and call for assistance.
D) Ask the client to lean over the back of a chair, monitor vital signs, and call for assistance.

Answer 1

Administer oxygen and epinephrine, monitor vital signs, and call for assistance.

Question 2

Which of the following terms is associated with tuberculosis?

A) Blue bloater
B) Barrel chest
C) Status asthmaticus
D) Cavitation

Answer 2

Cavitation

Question 3

Children who are asthmatics should be closely monitored for malocclusion because of the correlation of posterior crossbite and which of the following conditions?

A) Mouth breathing
B) Bronchospasm
C) Deviated septum
D) Xerostomia

Answer 3

Mouth breathing

Question 4

Bacteria associated with periodontal disease may be directly related to the potential for respiratory infection. These bacteria, along with epithelial changes in lung tissue associated with the inflammatory process, may increase the patient's susceptibility to a lower respiratory infection.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 5

Which of the following terms best defines difficulty in breathing?

A) Dyspnea
B) Cavitation
C) Status asthmaticus
D) Xerostomia

Question 6

All of the following produce asthma symptoms except one. Which is the one exception?

A) Decreased secretions
B) Mucosal inflammation
C) Contraction of smooth muscles
D) Generalized narrowing of bronchi and bronchioles

Question 7

Which of the following terms has been associated with chronic bronchitis?

A) Blue bloater
B) Barrel chest
C) Mantoux skin screening
D) Cavitation

Question 8

Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is a mild form of tuberculosis, which is often caused by low patient compliance.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is the most common risk factor for COPD?

A) Air pollutants
B) Occupational irritants
C) Cigarette smoking
D) Underdeveloped lungs

Question 10

What is the major concern associated with treating a client with tuberculosis?

A) Disease transmission
B) Proper client positioning to avoid symptom exacerbation
C) Stress prevention
D) Use of local anesthesia with epinephrine

Question 11

Which of the following dental drugs often contains sulfite preservatives that may cause sensitivity among asthmatics?

A) Chlorhexidine
B) Epinephrine
C) Xylocaine
D) Nitrous oxide

Question 12

Which of the following irritants has been found to be an occupational irritant for some dental office personnel?

A) Methacrylates
B) Scents and house sprays
C) Dust mites
D) Pollens and molds

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about chronic bronchitis?

A) Chronic bronchitis is most prevalent in children and teenagers.
B) Chronic bronchitis is the same as a "smoker's cough."
C) Persons with chronic bronchitis are in less danger of developing heart failure.
D) Chronic bronchitis is more prevalent in females.

Question 14

Under what conditions should a client with active tuberculosis be treated?

A) Using nitrous-oxide sedation in a dental office for routine procedures
B) Using strict infection-control procedures in a dental office especially equipped for clients with tuberculosis
C) In a dental office using universal precautions
D) In a hospital setting for emergency dental care only

Question 15

Which of the following is not normally a symptom of an asthma attack?

A) Dyspnea
B) Perspiration
C) A need to lie down
D) Feeling of pressure or tightness in the chest

Question 16

Which of the following drugs should the asthmatic patient avoid?

A) Aspirin-containing medications
B) Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
C) Topical anesthetics
D) Acetaminophen

Question 17

When treating a client with a history of asthma, the dental hygienist must be mindful of precipitating factors reported by the client and avoid the factors during professional care. To avoid decreased lung function, the client should be placed in a supine position.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 18

Which of the following is an appropriate precaution to be taken when treating a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A) Place client in supine position.
B) Use nitrous oxide as a sedative to reduce stress-induced reactions.
C) Assess salivary flow related to medication-induced xerostomia.
D) Plan fewer, longer appointments to reduce anxiety.

Question 19

Which condition is considered a severe asthmatic attack that does not respond to treatment?

A) Dyspnea
B) Extrinsic asthma
C) Intrinsic asthma
D) Status asthmaticus

Question 20

The management of COPD begins with reducing the risk factors associated with disease. As the disease progresses, a client's physician must implement a plan to manage exacerbations.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 21

The use of the ultrasonic scaler is either contraindicated or to be used cautiously with many lung diseases due to the possibility of pathogens found in bacterial plaque and periodontal pockets possibly being aspirated into the lungs.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 22

Which of the following is a common pulmonary test to measure lung function?

A) Bronchoscopy
B) CT scan
C) Sputum cytology
D) Spirometry

Question 23

All bronchodilators are considered long-acting inhaled beta₂-adrenergic agonists, because they temporarily dilate or relax the muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes that tighten during an asthma attack.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 24

Which of the following best describes the onset of most asthma attacks?

A) Chest tightness and pressure
B) Extreme dyspnea
C) Mild wheezing and coughing
D) Feeling of suffocation

Question 25

All of the following are reasons to request a medical consultation except one. Which is the one exception?

A) Cases of persistent moderate to severe asthma
B) Reported symptoms suggesting poorly controlled asthma
C) Clients taking systemic corticosteroids, such as prednisone
D) None of the above

Question 26

Which of the following classifications of medications is taken on a daily basis to achieve and maintain control of asthma?

A) Short-acting inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonists
B) Inhaled synthetic corticosteroids
C) Systemic corticosteroids
D) Inhaled antiasthmatics (mast cell stabilizers)

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true concerning the epidemiologic data about tuberculosis (TB)?

A) TB is a relatively young disease, emerging in the United States in late 20th century.
B) Those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at great risk for contracting TB.
C) Healthcare workers are rarely at risk even when caring for high-risk individuals.
D) Immigrants from high occurrence countries are not at risk for TB due to vaccinations.

Question 28

Which of the following statements is not true about alpha-1 antitrypsin?

A) Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency involves a genetic predisposition to emphysema.
B) Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a fatty acid found in the blood that promotes the activity of elastase in the lungs.
C) Those with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency may not have any other predisposing factors that would lead to severe emphysema.
D) Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency can be diagnosed by a blood test.

Question 29

Which of the following is the best risk management strategy when treating clients with asthma?

A) Avoidance of precipitating factors
B) Being prepared with an office emergency kit
C) Treating asthma clients in a hospital setting only
D) Using nitrous oxide with every patient to improve breathing

Question 30

Use of a rubber dam during dental procedures is contraindicated with COPD patients, because it may cause more breathing problems.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.