Deck 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The muscle tissue cells that are nonstriated and appear in the viscera or internal organs, such as the walls of the intestines, are

A) skeletal.
B) glial.
C) smooth.
D) fibrous.

Answer 1

smooth.

Question 2

____ explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they interact with one another.

A) Anatomy
B) Mitosis
C) Filtration
D) Physiology

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

A patient complains of pain in her bladder. In which body cavity are the bladder, lower colon, rectum, and urinary and reproductive systems located?

A) Pelvic
B) Mediastinum
C) Pleural
D) Abdominal

Answer 3

Pelvic

Question 4

A group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform a more complex function than any tissue alone is called a(n)

A) organ.
B) system.
C) cell.
D) endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 5

Movement of water from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration is called

A) absorption.
B) filtration.
C) diffusion.
D) osmosis.

Question 6

The smallest living components in our body are

A) cells.
B) organs.
C) electrons.
D) osmosis.

Question 7

The transverse imaginary body plane

A) divides front and back (coronal) of the body.
B) divides the body lengthwise (two equal halves).
C) divides superior and inferior portions of the body.
D) divides the body into axial and appendicular.

Question 8

The type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord is

A) epithelial.
B) connective.
C) membrane.
D) muscle.

Question 9

The section of biology dealing with human structure is

A) psychiatry.
B) anatomy.
C) surgery.
D) physiology.

Question 10

The four phases of cell division all occur in

A) diffusion.
B) mitosis.
C) osmosis.
D) filtration.

Question 11

Caudal is defined as toward the ____.

A) head
B) feet
C) tail
D) chest

Question 12

The thoracic and abdominal cavities are separated by the

A) pleura.
B) diaphragm.
C) spinal column.
D) peritoneum.

Question 13

Visceral muscles are

A) smooth and voluntary.
B) smooth and involuntary.
C) striated and voluntary.
D) striated and involuntary.

Question 14

The doctor tells the nurse that the patient is complaining of pain in the thoracic cavity. The patient is complaining of pain in the thoracic cavity. The anatomical structure(s) which is/are not in the thoracic cavity is/are the _____.

A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Blood vessels
D) Small intestine

Question 15

Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?

A) First phase
B) Latent phase
C) Final phase
D) Spindle phase

Question 16

The largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles, is the

A) nucleus.
B) ribosome.
C) mitochondrion.
D) Golgi apparatus.

Question 17

In anatomical terminology, posterior means

A) toward the tail.
B) toward the head.
C) toward the back.
D) below the trunk.

Question 18

The plasma membrane is constructed so that

A) it is strong enough to keep the cell whole.
B) nutrients can enter and waste products can leave.
C) only oxygen can pass through.
D) blood cells can pass through.

Question 19

The anatomical term ____ means toward the midline.

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) medial
D) cranial

Question 20

When several organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, they form

A) tissues.
B) systems.
C) cells.
D) membranes.

Question 21

Passive transport in movement of material across cell membranes includes

A) infiltration and diffusion.
B) pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
C) osmosis and filtration.
D) anaphase and telophase.

Question 22

List in order of complexity the structural levels of organization of the body. Place a comma between each answer choice (a, b, c, d, etc.).

A)Body as a whole
B)Cellular
C)Organs
D)Tissue
E)Chemical
F) System

Question 23

When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal distal order, the assessment is performed from

A) the shoulder to the fingers
B) front to back.
C) fingers to the center of the body
D) center of the body to the fingers

Question 24

What are the characteristics of life that all cells exhibit? (Select all that apply.)

A) Growth
B) Metabolism
C) Reproduction
D) Responsiveness
E) Homeostasis
F) None of the above

Question 25

The passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side is called

A) metabolism.
B) mitosis.
C) filtration.
D) osmosis.

Question 26

Which are among the 11 body systems? (Select all that apply.)

A) Lymphatic
B) Cellular
C) Digestive
D) Reproductive
E) Accessory
F) Spinal cord

Question 27

Epithelial membranes function is to:

A) Secrets mucous, line ends of bones and line bursae
B) Line ends of bones, secrete synovial fluid, line internal surfaces of organs
C) Cover the wall of lower digestive tract, secrets mucous and lines lungs, peritoneum and pericardium
D) Line lungs, peritoneum and pericardium and secrete synovial fluid

Question 28

Cardiac tissue is striated, involuntary tissue that branches out to form networks found only in the wall of the heart. This type of tissue is

A) epithelial.
B) connective.
C) muscle.
D) nervous.

Question 29

When a cell engulfs or surrounds foreign material, this process is called

A) pinocytosis.
B) phagocytosis.
C) absorption.
D) diffusion.

Question 30

The thin sheets of tissue that secrete mucus and line the body surfaces that open to the outside environment are

A) mucous membranes.
B) serous membranes.
C) striated, involuntary.
D) visceral, involuntary.

Question 31

Tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures are

A) connective.
B) epithelial.
C) nerve.
D) muscle.

Question 32

The three functions of epithelial tissue are _____________, ___________, and __________.

Question 33

A type of tissue that stores fat is called

A) peripheral tissue.
B) adipose tissue.
C) osseous tissue.
D) muscle tissue.

Question 34

A muscle that separates the ventral cavity into the thoracic and abdominal cavity is called the ________________________.