Deck 10: Multiple Murder, School, and Workplace Violence

Question 1

Which of the following is not a fundamental question of investigative psychology?

A) What are the important behavioral features of the crime that may help identify the perpetrator?
B) Are there any other crimes that are likely to have been committed by the same person?
C) What are the important behavioral features of the crime that may help prosecute the perpetrator?
D) Does the victim's body show signs of ossification?

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The primary difference between what qualifies as serial murders and what qualifies as mass murders is

A) premeditation.
B) the selection of victims.
C) a cooling-off period.
D) the number of victims.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What kind of offender would be most likely to engage in undoing at a murder scene?

A) Sadistic
B) Shy
C) Psychopathic
D) Emotionally distraught

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In investigative psychology,any behavior that goes beyond what is necessary to commit the crime is called

A) restructuring.
B) undoing.
C) staging.
D) signature.

Question 5

Which type of profiling is often used in the search for property offenders?

A) Residential
B) Racial
C) Geographical
D) Equivocal

Question 6

The term reconstructive psychological evaluation is synonymous with

A) criminal profiling.
B) identity assessment.
C) psychological autopsy.
D) postmortem profiling.

Question 7

Which practice accounts in part for the fact that ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented in arrest statistics?

A) Racial profiling
B) Geographic profiling
C) Psychological autopsy
D) Criminal profiling

Question 8

A serial violent offender who does not specifically search for victims is using which one of Rossmo's four hunting patterns?

A) Poacher
B) Scavenger
C) Hunter
D) Troller

Question 9

The strongest determining factor of victim selection for most serial murders is the ________ of the victim.

A) availability
B) appearance
C) sexuality
D) psychological characteristics
E) social isolation

Question 10

The murders at Virginia Tech in 2007 is an example of

A) domestic terrorism.
B) spree terrorism.
C) serial murder.
D) classic mass murder.

Question 11

In which type of crime scene is there evidence that the offender used planning and premeditation?

A) Reconstructive crime scene
B) Spontaneous crime scene
C) Mixed crime scene
D) Organized crime scene

Question 12

Investigative psychology is to ________ as profiling is to ________.

A) the crime scene; the offender
B) criminal analysis; criminal tendencies
C) forensics; anthropology
D) anthropology; forensics

Question 13

The tendency to gather evidence that confirms one's pre-existing expectations,while failing to seek contradictory information is called

A) biased profiling.
B) pre-existing orientation.
C) confirmation bias.
D) skewed reconnaissance.

Question 14

According to the text,criminal profiling is currently most useful in identifying the perpetrator of what type of offense?

A) Serial homicide
B) Drug-induced crime
C) Political crimes
D) Serial rape

Question 15

Psychological profiling has its roots in

A) behaviorism.
B) psychometrics.
C) psychoanalysis.
D) politics.
E) behaviorism.

Question 16

A term coined by Havelock Ellis that refers to self-arousal and the self-gratification of sexual arousal is

A) autoeroticism.
B) authochthonous.
C) autoplasty.
D) autophagy.

Question 17

The primary difference between staging and undoing is

A) the relationship between offender and victim.
B) the reason behind the action.
C) the of aggression involved in the crime.
D) the amount of clothing left on the victim.
E) the placement of the victim's body.

Question 18

The modus operandi

A) is an unusual pattern that is not necessary to commit the offense.
B) refers to the procedures an offender engages in to successfully commit a crime.
C) is a consistent, unchanging behavior the offender uses across all crimes.
D) is a crucial link investigators must focus on when linking crimes.

Question 19

Jenkins' 1988 study of serial killers in England found that

A) serial killers had a long history of violent offenses before caught.
B) serial killers began killing at a late age.
C) serial killers had extensive juvenile records.
D) the majority were former police officers.

Question 20

Which of the following is not listed in the text as a motive of male serial murderers?

A) Domination
B) Sexual excitement
C) Media attention
D) Material gain

Question 21

A large majority of workplace homicides do not involve murder between coworkers or supervisors within an organization but occur in robberies and related crimes by people outside the organization.

Question 22

According to La Fon (2002),the two basic types of psychological autopsies are

A) suicide and equivocal death.
B) empirical and anecdotal.
C) compensatory and reconstructive.
D) testimonial and random.

Question 23

Which worker would be least at risk for Type I workplace violence?

A) Sandy, who works 6 p.m. until closing at the Burger King counter.
B) David, who works the midnight shift at the Mobil Station.
C) Gretchen, who works 3-11 p.m. as a nursing assistant at the hospital.
D) Al, who owns his own liquor store and often works alone 3 p.m.- midnight.

Question 24

There has been an overabundance of research directed at mass murderers.

Question 25

Serial murder by children or adolescents is an exceedingly rare event.

Question 26

Which of the following was reported by the National Center for Education Statistics?

A) Over the years, the percentage of youth homicides occurring at school remains more than 10 percent of the total number of youth homicides.
B) While fear of being harmed at school has decreased, the risk of being victimized by school violence has steadily increased.
C) More school shootings have occurred in Germany than in all other countries combined.
D) Students were more likely to be victims of serious violence or homicide away from school.

Question 27

Psychological profiling is the psychological description of criminal and noncriminal persons.

Question 28

Criminal profiling is most often used to determine an offender's specific identity.

Question 29

Children are more likely to be victims of violence away from school,as opposed to in school.

Question 30

When victims are chosen because the killer associates them with a primary target against whom revenge is sought,this is called

A) murder by proxy.
B) associative murder.
C) associative selection.
D) loyalty murder.

Question 31

Research by Fox and Levin found that most mass killings are motivated by

A) profit.
B) fear.
C) power.
D) revenge.

Question 32

Which sentence best summarizes the primary goal of a professional profiler?

A) The primary goal of a professional profiler is to provide information to investigators and law enforcement that is based on solid behavioral science.
B) The primary goal of a professional profiler is to enter the evil mind of the serial offender.
C) The primary goal of a professional profiler is to solve the most serious and heinous crimes.
D) The primary goal of a professional profiler is to support victims of serial murder and serial sexual assaults.

Question 33

An incident in which the offender commits serious physical or bodily harm to several workers within an organization is called

A) workplace violence.
B) workplace aggression.
C) occupational violence.
D) occupational aggression.

Question 34

The backgrounds of many school shooters include an interest in guns and other weaponry,and they often had easy access to firearms.

Question 35

Public mass shootings are also known as

A) active shooter situations.
B) domestic terrorism.
C) geographical profiling.
D) serial killing events.

Question 36

Research shows that criminal profiling should be restricted to serial murder and serial sexual assaults.

Question 37

Research has found that the two consistent characteristics of school shooters are

A) cruelty to animals and easy access to weapons.
B) desire for revenge and history of drug use.
C) interest in unusual hobbies and history of drug use.
D) peer rejection and social rejection.

Question 38

Kraemer,Lord,and Heilbrun (2004)found that serial offenders often prefer guns,while single victim offenders prefer hands on killing.

Question 39

The majority of mass murderers plan to die at the crime scene.

Question 40

Which term is central to the actuarial approach to crime scene investigation?

A) Case-focused
B) Single offender
C) Base rate
D) Mission-oriented

Question 41

Explain the concern with the term profiling.Include two flaws in modern profiling that were discussed in the text.

Question 42

Design a program that could be offered in schools to address school violence.Include details about what research tells us about the perpetrators of these attacks.

Question 43

Staging refers to the intentional ________ of a crime scene prior to the arrival of the police.

Question 44

Fox and Levin's (2003)five-category typology is based on the ________ for mass killings.

Question 45

Columbine's death toll was surpassed by the shootings at ________ in 2007.

Question 46

Of the forms of profiling discussed in the chapter,which would insurance companies be interested in? Explain the reasons for this interest.

Question 47

Psychological profiling is an assessment practice designed to help in the identification and prediction of ________ in known individuals.

Question 48

Geographic profiling focuses on the ________ of the crime.

Question 49

The actuarial approach concentrates on the description,understanding,and identification of a(n)________ offender.

Question 50

An organized crime scene indicates that the offender maintained ________ of him/herself and the victim.

Question 51

Research indicates that serial murderers generally begin their careers of repetitive homicide at a relatively ________ age.

Question 52

Discuss the differences in motive,victim selection,and method of killing between male and female serial killers.

Question 53

Elaborate on the usefulness of organized,disorganized,and mixed crime scene classification.

Question 54

Classic murders also may be called ________ mass murders.

Question 55

Serial murder is usually reserved for incidents in which an individual (or individuals)kills ________ or more victims in separate events.