Deck 16: The Final Passage: Dying and Bereavement

Question 1

A chart showing the number of teens who died from homicide during the past year represents death as a(n)

A) statistic.
B) analogy.
C) boundary.
D) anxiety.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When Ahmad thinks of death, he thinks of a wake, a funeral, and a memorial service. Ahmad defines death as

A) a statistic.
B) an event.
C) a thief of meaning.
D) an analogy.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Who is clinically dead?

A) John, who is not responsive to pain
B) Naomi, who is not breathing and whose heart is not beating
C) Helga, who exhibits no cortical functioning
D) John, Naomi, and Helga, would all be considered clinically dead.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Kim's statement, "I cannot believe that I am dying so young, I have so much more to do," provides a nice example of the concept of death as a

A) mystery.
B) thief of meaning.
C) fear.
D) boundary.

Question 5

Jac is living in Ghana and is said to be dying a "good death." This means that he

A) is in his teens.
B) has made peace with his friends and family.
C) will take his own life.
D) has sacrificed an animal to the "god of the living."

Question 6

In the country of Rigermortis, dead individuals are buried in bright yellow coats and the bereaved are sent pencils in the mail. In Rigermortis, a yellow coat and a pencil would serve as ____ of death.

A) states
B) objects
C) events
D) analogies

Question 7

After an accident, Steve's heart is not beating and he has stopped breathing. Steve is

A) whole-brain dead.
B) mourning.
C) in a persistent vegetative state.
D) clinically dead.

Question 8

Which question best exemplifies the concept of death as a mystery?

A) Will my crippled body be made whole after I die?
B) Why was I given cancer?
C) Does my family really like me?
D) How many people die from homicide each year?

Question 9

Believing that the dead lose all contact with the living best exemplifies the concept of death as a(n)

A) mystery.
B) event.
C) statistic.
D) boundary.

Question 10

A flat electroencephalogram for 10 minutes is one of the criteria for

A) clinical death.
B) euthanasia.
C) whole-brain death.
D) death as a mystery.

Question 11

In the United States,

A) each state has its own definition of death.
B) all 50 states and the District of Columbia use clinical death as the definition of death.
C) all 50 states and the District of Columbia use whole-brain death as the definition of death.
D) all 50 states and the District of Columbia use persistent vegetative state as the definition of death.

Question 12

When attempting to determine if someone is "whole-brain dead," a physician would be unlikely to ask,

A) "Do the brain cells still contain neurotransmitters?"
B) "Does the body respond to a pinprick?"
C) "Has there been any movement for the past hour?"
D) "Are the pupils responsive?"

Question 13

After seeing a cat run over by a car, Felix says, "That thing is as dead as a cooked pig." This provides an example of death as a(n)

A) boundary.
B) image.
C) analogy.
D) event.

Question 14

The concern over who will care for family members after one dies best fits with the concept of death as a(n)

A) fear.
B) thief of meaning.
C) event.
D) statistic.

Question 15

Determining how many people in a culture are killed in accidents, die from AIDS, and how long people in general can expect to live are examples of viewing death as a(n)

A) mystery.
B) statistic.
C) event.
D) boundary.

Question 16

A religion that believes that sinners spend eternity in a burning hell supports the notion that death is a

A) mystery.
B) thief of meaning.
C) punishment.
D) boundary.

Question 17

Which is not associated with "death as a state of being?"

A) Being transformed into a pure energy
B) Being with God and endlessly happy
C) Being nothingness
D) Being afraid of dying

Question 18

In some South Pacific cultures, the life force is thought to leave the body during illness and sleep. What cultural implication toward death does this belief support?

A) There is no such thing as death.
B) People die many times throughout their lives.
C) Death is a living entity.
D) Souls represent the embodiment of God.

Question 19

When a death occurs, _____ traditionally cover the mirrors in the house.

A) Muscogee Creek tribespeople
B) Orthodox Jews
C) Greeks
D) Cubans

Question 20

The definition of death

A) varies within and between cultures.
B) is the same for everyone within a culture.
C) is the same across all cultures.
D) never changes.

Question 21

_____ was the first country to officially legalize physician-assisted suicide.

A) The United States
B) China
C) Brazil
D) The Netherlands

Question 22

The Dutch supreme court established a policy in which physicians who engage in assisted suicide will not be prosecuted as long as

A) the patient making the request is incompetent.
B) the patient only makes a suicide request one time.
C) there is only minimal hope that the individual will recover.
D) another physician reviews that case and agrees with the request.

Question 23

According to Oregon's physician-assisted suicide law,

A) only older adults can request this procedure.
B) people who have a terminal illness can voluntarily request a lethal dose of medication.
C) family members must request this procedure in person.
D) the deadly drugs must be administered directly by a physician.

Question 24

By definition, euthanasia is defined as the practice of ending life for reasons of

A) mercy.
B) health.
C) speed.
D) religiosity.

Question 25

Dr. Rahman has made a career out of studying mercy killing and new surgical options to extend life. She is most likely interested in

A) grief.
B) death as a statistic.
C) bioethics.
D) death as an object.

Question 26

Individuals in permanent comas or persistent vegetative states

A) are considered dead both clinically and according to the whole-brain standard of death.
B) are considered dead by the clinical but not the whole-brain standard of death.
C) will not regain consciousness but do not meet the whole-brain standard of death.
D) will regain consciousness but do not meet the whole-brain standard of death.

Question 27

Dr. Steinmetz decides to follow the wishes of her patient and withhold treatment for the patient's terminal cancer, thus allowing the patient to die. This is an example of

A) a near-death experience.
B) passive euthanasia.
C) bioethics.
D) active euthanasia.

Question 28

Between 1998 and 2011, about _____ patients had died under the terms of the Oregon Death with Dignity Act.

A) 50
B) 500
C) 5000
D) 50,000

Question 29

Which U.S. state passed the first law legalizing physician-assisted suicide?

A) California
B) Oregon
C) Washington
D) Idaho

Question 30

Dr. Kelly has just purposely killed a patient by injecting her with a lethal amount of medication. This patient had an incurable illness and requested to die rather than go through a long, painful treatment. This is an example of

A) clinical death.
B) passive euthanasia.
C) active euthanasia.
D) inducing a persistent vegetative state.

Question 31

The first Supreme Court case on passive euthanasia involved a case in which a family wanted to allow Nancy Cruzan to die by

A) taking her off a respirator.
B) giving her a lethal injection.
C) letting her take a lethal dose of medication.
D) ending force feedings.

Question 32

Bioethics concerns the interface between human values and technological advances in

A) philosophy.
B) health and life sciences.
C) religion.
D) computer science.

Question 33

A person in a persistent vegetative state would be

A) considered clinically dead.
B) capable of keeping his or her heart beating without consciousness.
C) able to engage in primitive thought.
D) considered whole-brain dead.

Question 34

Which is the best example of active euthanasia?

A) Administering a drug overdose
B) Pulling the plug on a respirator
C) Not performing a potentially life-saving surgery
D) Withdrawing an experimental drug that might prevent a disorder

Question 35

In the case of Terri Schiavo, the argument for passive euthanasia was that she would not regain the capacity for ____.

A) consciousness
B) respiration
C) motor reflexes
D) vocalization

Question 36

Susan's cortical functioning has ceased, but her brain stem is still active. Susan would be best described as

A) in a persistent vegetative state.
B) whole-brain dead.
C) clinically dead.
D) consciously aware.

Question 37

Which of the following is not part of the definition of active euthanasia?

A) Deliberate act of ending a life
B) Based on statement by an individual who wants to die
C) Decision made by someone with legal authority to do so
D) Must involve individual in persistent vegetative state or whole-brain dead

Question 38

After Maxine was in a severe car accident, her parents were informed that she was brain dead but could be kept alive if she was put on a respirator immediately. Her family's decision to not put her on the respirator would be considered

A) a durable power of attorney.
B) active euthanasia.
C) murder.
D) passive euthanasia.

Question 39

The "Ethics Task Force" of the European Association of Palliative Care challenged the term "passive euthanasia" arguing that

A) "there is no such thing as 'mercy killing.'"
B) "ending life is always active."
C) "this procedure is unethical."
D) "the definition must include the word physician."

Question 40

Dr. Axle teaches bioethics. What lecture title would be most representative of his field?

A) "The Reliability of the Electroencephalogram"
B) "Pupillary Responses in Rats"
C) "Mercy Killing: Legal or Illegal?"
D) "Axons and Dendrites: Synaptic Partners"

Question 41

Which would have a terminal phase with the longest trajectory?

A) Death due to a massive stroke
B) Death due to breast cancer
C) Death due to a car accident
D) Death due to sudden heart failure

Question 42

What originally led to Terri Schiavo's life-threatening medical condition?

A) Car accident
B) Head trauma from violent robbery
C) Physiological imbalance as the result of an eating disorder
D) Side effects from treatment for cancer

Question 43

Most people confront the death of their parents when they are

A) adolescents.
B) young adults.
C) middle-aged.
D) elderly.

Question 44

Why was the controversial intervention with Terri Schiavo considered to be a form of passive euthanasia?

A) She removed her own tube
B) Her parents were involved in the decision
C) No physician was involved in the process
D) Removing the tube did not directly lead to her death

Question 45

Sandy knows she is going to die in a few months. She seems calm and concerned more about how to help her family deal with her death than with her own mortality. She seems to be disconnecting herself from people and things and at peace. Sandy is most likely in the ____ stage of dying.

A) denial
B) bargaining
C) depression
D) acceptance

Question 46

In Kübler-Ross's original theory, the emotion of ____ was thought to immediately precede feelings of acceptance.

A) anger
B) euphoria
C) depression
D) resignation

Question 47

According to research presented in your text, understanding how adults deal with death is probably best understood from the perspective of ____ theory.

A) cognitive-developmental
B) attachment
C) psychoanalytic
D) terror management

Question 48

Tricia has just been informed that she has terminal cancer. According to Kübler-Ross's original model, her first reaction would involve

A) depression.
B) anger.
C) bargaining.
D) denial.

Question 49

What is the correct sequence of Kübler-Ross's original "five stages of dying"?

A) Depression, acceptance, denial, bargaining, anger
B) Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
C) Anger, depression, denial, acceptance, bargaining
D) Bargaining, denial, acceptance, anger, depression

Question 50

Before she died, Lee completed a document specifying her wishes to be taken off life support should she be in a position where she could not speak for herself and her recovery was all but impossible. Because the form did not give authority to anyone else to speak for her, Lee's document was most likely a(n)

A) living will.
B) EEG.
C) survey of near-death experiences.
D) durable power of attorney.

Question 51

Koua feels guilty and ashamed over the fact that she has AIDS and how her terminal illness is affecting her family. Kübler-Ross would argue that Koua is in the _____ stage of dying.

A) anger
B) depression
C) denial
D) bargaining

Question 52

Death anxiety would likely be the lowest for

A) Sally, who is 80 years old.
B) Jesse, who is 45 years old.
C) Rikki, who is 30 years old.
D) Lake, who is 21 years old.

Question 53

Nathan wants to be sure that, in the event he is incapable of communicating, no life support will be used even if doctors want to keep him alive. He also wants to give his wife the legal right to speak for him in that situation. In order to do all this with one document, Nathan should complete a(n)

A) living will.
B) healthcare durable power of attorney.
C) EEG.
D) survey of near-death experiences.

Question 54

Stacey has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. She is currently going to different doctors to determine whether her diagnosis is correct. Stacey is probably in the ____ stage of dying.

A) depression
B) anger
C) denial
D) bargaining

Question 55

A(n) ____ is often used to describe the duration of time between the onset of dying and death itself.

A) death trajectory
B) end-of-life scenario
C) hospice
D) final scenario

Question 56

For whom would a "Do Not Resuscitate" order be most appropriately applied?

A) Mack, who is brain-dead
B) Mike, whose heart stopped
C) Mort, whose liver failed
D) Mary, who has Alzheimer's

Question 57

Brent has been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Today, he spent hours praying: "Please, I'll do anything. Just give me one more chance. I'm so sorry. I'll be the best person, just please give me another chance." Brent is most likely in the ____ stage of dying.

A) bargaining
B) acceptance
C) depression
D) denial

Question 58

While they differ in some respects, both a living will and a durable power of attorney

A) identify someone to act on your behalf if you become incapacitated.
B) make it legal for a physician to perform active euthanasia.
C) allow others to know one's preferences concerning issues like whether you want to be put on life support.
D) cannot be written until a person is about to lose the ability to make his or her own decisions.

Question 59

Devin has been told he only has a few more months to live. He is totally unable to deal with people, because he knows everyone he sees is going to outlive him. "It's not fair. Why is this happening to me?" is something he says over and over to himself. He feels frustrated and alone. He is most likely in the ____ stage of dying.

A) depression
B) anger
C) denial
D) bargaining

Question 60

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross's stage theory of dying was initially developed as a research project

A) investigating how the terminally ill cope with dying.
B) probing into the suffering of inmates at Holocaust death camps.
C) designed to determine the impact of hospice care.
D) testing the effectiveness of an antidepressant medication.

Question 61

Jensen is dying. She is explaining to her family that she would like to spend her last days alone in her country home with just her husband. These arrangements are an example of

A) passive euthanasia.
B) denial.
C) death anxiety.
D) a final scenario.

Question 62

The hospice philosophy is best summarized as

A) "prevent death at all costs."
B) "promote death with dignity."
C) "die a natural death (i.e., drugs have no place in death)."
D) "everyone should die at home."

Question 63

Death anxiety

A) consists solely of the component of fear.
B) is very hard to measure.
C) appears independent from pain, punishment, and humiliation.
D) is expressed identically in public and private settings.

Question 64

All stage theories of dying are based on the notion that

A) the faster the death trajectory, the better.
B) there are great cultural differences in the dying process.
C) there is a specific direction to the developmental pattern of reacting to one's death.
D) the unconscious mind plays a major role in death anxiety.

Question 65

According to ____ theory, the primary motive of humans is to ensure that life continues.

A) attachment
B) Kübler-Ross's stage
C) cognitive-developmental
D) terror management

Question 66

Ninety-year-old Albert is terminally ill and has decided to die at home. He has also decided that he would like to have visits from a nurse who can provide assistance in making his process of dying more comfortable. This indicates that Albert is involved in ____ hospice care.

A) implicit
B) outpatient
C) passive
D) nonpalliative

Question 67

Nobel, who has terminal cancer, has been in a depressed state for several weeks. The most effective way to help him move out of this stage would be to

A) convince him to strike a bargain for his health.
B) let him alone, since it usually passes within a month.
C) have a frank, open discussion with him about his feelings.
D) tell him that he is being selfish by denying his friends a chance to say good-bye to him.

Question 68

Which is the best example of an end-of-life issue?

A) Deciding on whether to have a memorial service after you die
B) Focusing on whether you are going to heaven or hell
C) Differentiating between clinical and whole-brain death
D) Trying to raise enough money for a comfortable retirement

Question 69

When compared to terminally-ill hospital patients, hospice patients are more likely to be

A) mobile.
B) anxious.
C) depressed.
D) avoided by a spouse.

Question 70

You're buying a book that explains the contextual theory of dying. Which of these would most likely be title for this book?

A) Understanding the Stages of Death
B) Physiological Criteria for Defining Death
C) Factors That Influence Coping with Death
D) A Task-Based Approach to Coping with Death

Question 71

Corr (1991-1992) suggests that a dying individual must face four tasks (e.g., spiritual energy, bodily needs, psychological security). This approach views coping with death as a(n)

A) bioethical dilemma.
B) holistic process.
C) invariant sequence of reactions.
D) psychosomatic disorder.

Question 72

In 1967, Dr. Cicely Saunders founded St. Christopher's

A) Hospital.
B) Physician-Assisted Suicide Center.
C) Hospice.
D) Terror Management Program.

Question 73

Making your choices known about how you want your life to end constitutes your

A) final scenario.
B) end-of-life issues.
C) death anxiety.
D) passive euthanasia.

Question 74

Before he dies, Juan is checking his insurance, rewriting his will, and making arrangements for his funeral. Juan is dealing with

A) death anxiety.
B) bereavement.
C) end-of-life issues.
D) grief work.

Question 75

Bernie hates being around his older relatives because their frailty reminds him that some day he will grow old and die. This belief best fits with the ____ approach to dying.

A) death as an event
B) terror management theory
C) death as a mystery
D) Kübler-Ross

Question 76

With regard to her theory, Kübler-Ross would agree with all of the following possibilities except

A) some individuals do not experience any of the stages of dying.
B) some individuals go through the stages of dying in a different order.
C) individuals progress through stages at different rates.
D) different individuals may have different emotional responses.

Question 77

Who is an example of someone using the most common way of dealing with death anxiety?

A) Jean, who is becoming more fearful the older she gets
B) Martin, who lives life to the fullest
C) Norma, who seeks professional counseling
D) Louis, who becomes more committed to his church

Question 78

Bernie is trying to decide whether or not to be cremated. This best exemplifies

A) a final scenario.
B) an end-of-life issue.
C) bioethics.
D) grief work as rumination.

Question 79

As a hospice staff member, you would be most unlikely to hear your supervisor say,

A) "We must make every effort to satisfy the realistic life goals of our clients."
B) "Inform the clients that it is OK to end their relationships before they die."
C) "Be sure to inform clients that they can have as many drugs to relieve pain as they need."
D) "Remember that fear is a natural part of the dying process, so you should try and encourage it in the clients."

Question 80

Afi is terminally ill. She is being sent to an institution that provides for people who are dying and their families. Afi is most likely being sent to a(n)

A) skilled care nursing home.
B) hospital.
C) hospice.
D) intermediate care nursing home.