Deck 34: Radiation Oncology

Question 1

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) uses:

A) radioactive isotopes.
B) multileaf collimators.
C) cerrobend blocks.
D) permanent implants.

Answer 1

multileaf collimators.

Question 2

The accurate calculation and measurement of radiation dose for treatment of a therapy patient is referred to as:

A) brachytherapy.
B) simulation.
C) dosimetry.
D) linear energy transfer.

Answer 2

dosimetry.

Question 3

Gamma knife is primarily used to treat small benign or malignant lesions located in the:

A) abdomen.
B) breast.
C) brain.
D) prostate.

Answer 3

brain.

Question 4

The linac can produce a beam of electrons of varying energies when:

A) filtration is changed.
B) the target is removed.
C) IMRT is used.
D) simulation is required.

Question 5

_____ is done to relieve symptoms, not to cure.

A) Fractionation
B) Differentiation
C) Palliation
D) Conformal radiation

Question 6

The goal of radiation oncology is to:

A) destroy all tissue in the portion of the body where the cancer is located.
B) deliver a cancericidal dose to the tumor but limit the dose to normal tissue.
C) limit dose to the cancer and normal tissue to avoid toxicity.
D) deliver a large dose all at once to the cancer.

Question 7

The technique that uses radioactive material placed within the patient is called:

A) brachytherapy.
B) simulation.
C) dosimetry.
D) linear energy transfer.

Question 8

Treatment that is designed to deliver radiation to the exact target volume is called:

A) fractionation.
B) differentiation.
C) palliation.
D) conformal radiation.

Question 9

The method that is used to determine the volume of tissue that must be included in the radiation field is called:

A) brachytherapy.
B) simulation.
C) dosimetry.
D) linear energy transfer.

Question 10

Radiation has more effect on cancer cells because _____ than normal cells.

A) they are more highly differentiated
B) a greater percentage of these cells are undergoing mitosis
C) cancer cells undergo more direct interactions
D) it interacts more readily with cancer cells

Question 11

One way to treat cancer but minimize the toxic effects of radiation is to use:

A) fractionation.
B) differentiation.
C) palliation.
D) conformal radiation.

Question 12

Cancer can spread or metastasize by invading:

A) adjacent tissue.
B) normal tissue.
C) blood vessels.
D) anywhere close.

Question 13

Tomotherapy combines the principles of:
1)helical CT.
2)stereotaxis.
3)6 MV linear accelerator.

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 14

The retractable imaging device used to produce a digital image that is displayed immediately is called:

A) CyberKnife.
B) image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT).
C) electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs).
D) tomotherapy.

Question 15

The most common cancers that occur in the United States are:
1)prostate.
2)lymph.
3)lung.

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 16

Radiation oncology may be used in conjunction with:
1)surgery.
2)chemotherapy.
3)angiography.

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 17

The basic principle of cancer treatment with radiation is that radiation:

A) stimulates cancer cells to grow.
B) damages cancer cells but stimulates normal cells.
C) damages cancer cells and normal cells equally.
D) usually damages cancer cells more than normal cells.

Question 18

Port films are taken to:

A) verify location.
B) make blocks.
C) calculate dose.
D) see the tumor.

Question 19

The most common machine used to deliver external-beam therapy is the:

A) linear accelerator.
B) betatron.
C) cobalt-60 unit.
D) orthovoltage.

Question 20

The majority of cancers arise from the epithelium and are classified as:

A) sarcomas.
B) lymphomas.
C) myelomas.
D) carcinomas.