Deck 3: Understanding and Involving the Community

Question 1

The point at which an ordinary,stable phenomenon can turn into a crisis is referred to as

A)flight point.
B)tipping point.
C)ethnic instability.
D)turf war.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A community's informal power structure includes all of the following except:

A)Regulatory agencies
B)Ethnic groups
C)Political groups
D)Religious assemblies

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The social contract

A)means that, in a free society, people can do exactly as they please.
B)has been weakened by increased mobility and economic factors.
C)is dependent upon the government to support.
D)is a redistribution of accountability and authority.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Displacement

A)often occurs in a community "soft" on crime.
B)applies to criminal activity that has moved to a new location due to increased police presence.
C)is linked to factors such as availability of jobs and level of education.
D)All of the above

Question 5

Coleman saw the two most important elements in social capital as being

A)commitment and collaboration.
B)safety and security.
C)enforcement and control.
D)trustworthiness and obligations.

Question 6

According to the text,the importance of ___________ to all citizens is a central theme in the discussion of community.

A)corporate rights
B)special rights
C)individual rights
D)community rights

Question 7

If police expect to maintain order,they must maintain effective interactions with all of the following community organizations and institutions except

A)schools in the community
B)the Department of Human Services
C)health care providers
D)defense attorneys

Question 8

A neighborhood that objects to the placement of a homeless shelter within it provides an example of

A)diversion.
B)plea bargaining.
C)NIMBY.
D)diffusion.

Question 9

Community,as defined by the text,

A)applies only to neighborhoods where people know each other by name.
B)develops only after crime is totally eradicated from that specific neighborhood.
C)applies to a specific area and the individuals, organizations, and agencies in that area.
D)All of the above

Question 10

The broken windows phenomenon signifies

A)that people don't care about the neighborhood.
B)an impending crime wave.
C)an ineffective police force.
D)All of the above

Question 11

A sense of community can be undermined by

A)increased violent crime.
B)clashes between community groups.
C)severe social disorganization.
D)All of the above

Question 12

According to the text,plea bargaining,diversion,community alternatives to prison,capital punishment,and victim's rights are

A)controversial issues in the criminal justice system that affect police-community partnerships.
B)issues within a police officer's appropriate sphere of action.
C)proven methods of eliminating crime.
D)sustainable communities.

Question 13

What is the system operating in most states that removes juvenile status offenders and delinquents from the jurisdiction of the courts when possible?

A)Plea Bargaining
B)Charge Bargaining
C)Diversion
D)Parole

Question 14

According to the text,public peace is established by

A)the U.S. Constitution and Bill.
B)federal and state statutes.
C)the social contract of rights.
D)All of the above

Question 15

Teens,Crime,and the Community is a program that believes smarter youth make

A)stronger families.
B)harder workers.
C)less juvenile recidivism.
D)safer communities.

Question 16

When people do not care about their community,one of the signs of not caring would be

A)potholes.
B)empty houses.
C)broken windows.
D)high traffic counts.

Question 17

The system that tries to keep juvenile status offenders and delinquents from the court's jurisdiction is called

A)bifurcation.
B)rehabilitation.
C)diversion.
D)plea bargaining.

Question 18

Operating within each community is a power structure that can enhance or endanger

A)political groups.
B)neighborhood watch groups.
C)ethnic groups.
D)police-community relations.

Question 19

What city,in 1985,hosted its first citizen police academy?

A)Washington, DC
B)Los Angeles, California
C)Minneapolis, Minnesota
D)Orlando, Florida

Question 20

The social contract

A)provides that each person must give up some freedom.
B)provides that, in a free society, people can do everything they want without restriction.
C)has been weakened by increased mobility and economic factors.
D)Both b and c

Question 21

The face of America is changing rapidly; in the next few years,

A)the elderly population will decrease.
B)white dominance will end, and minorities will increase.
C)the number of immigrants will decrease.
D)All of the above

Question 22

Who shares the same goals as law enforcement?

A)Citizens
B)Government
C)Private security
D)All of the above

Question 23

What percentage of cases are estimated to be disposed through plea and charge bargaining?

A)90% to 95%
B)80% to 90%
C)50% to 55%
D)75% to 85%

Question 24

The _________ includes divisions of society with wealth and political influence such as federal,state,and local agencies and governments; commissions; and regulatory agencies.

A)criminal justice system
B)informal power structure
C)formal power structure
D)None of the above

Question 25

In Zimbardo's "broken windows" experiment,the car parked on an upscale street was left alone until it was towed away.

Question 26

The ABP was formed as a mechanism to help

A)combat street-level drug dealing in middle-class neighborhoods.
B)guard entrances to buildings and ask visitors to sign in.
C)patrol the U.S. borders, finding and detaining illegal immigrants.
D)walk the streets to deter prostitution.

Question 27

A group of signs,causes,and symptoms that occur together to foster specific crimes is called

A)broken windows phenomena.
B)incivilities.
C)NINBY.
D)syndrome of crime.

Question 28

Some citizen review boards require police officials to sit on them as members,which may result in the perception of impartiality.

Question 29

According to the text,police opposition to civilian review boards occurs because

A)civilians can't understand the complexities of police work.
B)police are able to objectively review actions of their colleagues.
C)it is a sign of distrust by the public to be reviewed by an outside source.
D)police discipline is handled internally.

Question 30

What term that describes a population's size,distribution,growth,density,employment rate,ethnic makeup,and vital statistics such as average age,education,and income?

A)Demographics
B)Belonging
C)Cohesiveness
D)Community

Question 31

A group of signs,causes,and symptoms that occur together to foster specific crimes is called the NIMBY syndrome.

Question 32

According to the text,citizens' police academies are designed to familiarize citizens with law enforcement.

Question 33

According to the text,most communities are

A)ghetto.
B)homogeneous.
C)heterogeneous.
D)suburban.

Question 34

If the community is unresponsive,community policing cannot succeed,no matter how hard the police work.

Question 35

Which of the following is an example cited by the text of how the security industry can assist law enforcement?

A)Serve civil documents
B)Respond to burglar alarms
C)Assist with traffic control
D)Monitor community watch programs

Question 36

VIPS stands for

A)very important person security.
B)volunteers in police service.
C)volunteers in public service.
D)None of the above

Question 37

According to the text,civilian oversight is

A)a recent development in American policing, having first been used in the 1970s.
B)becoming more prevalent.
C)not accepted by police agencies.
D)All of the above

Question 38

Government policies can destroy social capital.

Question 39

According to Coleman,the two most important elements in social capital are

A)honesty and integrity.
B)crime and punishment.
C)trustworthiness and obligations.
D)public and private enforcement.

Question 40

A community's strength and resilience of its social fabric is called

A)demographics
B)power base
C)structure
D)social capital

Question 41

When prosecutors charge a defendant with a lesser charge in exchange for a guilty plea,it is called _________________.

Question 42

According to the text,law enforcement frequently works with the Guardian Angels to help protect citizens from criminal activity.

Question 43

Increases in incivilities may increase the fear of crime and reduce citizens' sense of safety.

Question 44

Most communities have only a formal power structure.

Question 45

Citizens who demand to be involved in the review process maintain that internal police discipline is tantamount to allowing the "fox to investigate thefts in the chicken coop."

Question 46

Citizen patrols are a twentieth-century phenomenon.

Question 47

A _________________ is an area of a city usually inhabited by individuals of the same race or ethnic background who live in poverty and,to outsiders,apparent social disorganization.

Question 48

Improving the image of the police and increasing the public's willingness to cooperate is a positive outcome of citizen police academies.

Question 49

According to the text,the "civic" generation born in the first third of the 20th century is being replaced by baby boomers and Generation X-ers who have been characterized as being much more civic-minded.

Question 50

According to the text,community refers to a _____________________ served by a police department or law enforcement agency and the individuals,organizations,and agencies within that area.

Question 51

Citizen police academies train citizens to be police officers when the police are not available.

Question 52

Local police are usually happy to have the Guardian Angels in their community because they have a calming effect on the areas they patrol.

Question 53

A good relationship between private and public policing is important.

Question 54

Cracking down on crime often results in _________________,the relocation of crime and criminals to neighboring areas outside the enforcement zone.

Question 55

A theory called "the ecology of crime" remembers how criminal opportunities are created in neighborhoods.

Question 56

Demographics is not important to law enforcement.

Question 57

The "_________________" is the point at which an ordinary,stable phenomenon can turn into a crisis.

Question 58

Ghettos are the focus of many anticrime efforts,which is perceived as a bias on the part of law enforcement.

Question 59

NIMBY stands for _________________.

Question 60

Networks that link individuals to various levels of government,including the police,would be considered local social capital.

Question 61

The _________________ includes divisions of society with wealth and political influence such as federal,state,and local agencies and governments,commissions,and regulatory agencies.

Question 62

List and describe,as listed in the text,activities commonly performed by citizen patrols.

Question 63

The widening of the gap between those with wealth (the "haves")and those living in poverty (the "have-nots"),with a shrinking middle class,is known as a _________________

Question 64

According to the text,_________________ along with the police plays a major role in safeguarding Americans and their property.

Question 65

Analyze the concept of social capital and discuss the community factors that affect it.

Question 66

The _________________ provides that for everyone to receive justice,each person must relinquish some freedom.

Question 67

Outline and discuss the arguments on both sides of the citizen review debate-those favoring civilian review and those opposed to it.Can a balance be reached? Support your answer.

Question 68

_________________ is a system that removes juvenile status offenders and delinquents from the jurisdiction of the courts.

Question 69

According to the text,The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)is committed to promoting law enforcement - _________________ partnerships.

Question 70

Incivilities and social disorder occur when _________________ have eroded.

Question 71

The ______________ suggests that if it appears "no one cares," disorder and crime will thrive.

Question 72

Describe the formal and informal power structure in most communities.

Question 73

Discuss why incivilities are an indicator that normal social controls have eroded and how law enforcement and the community can work together to restore those social controls.

Question 74

Discuss how demographics play a role in policing.