Deck 7: Legal and Ethical Aspects of Sonography

Question 1

Which type of court-made law is based on custom and usage?

A) Statutory
B) Administrative
C) Common
D) Tort

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Implied consent is used when the patient is:

A) underage.
B) mentally impaired.
C) unconscious but in need of care.
D) undecided but in need of care.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Failure to use the same care that a reasonably prudent sonographer would use in the same or similar circumstance defines:

A) negligence.
B) defamation.
C) libel.
D) benign neglect.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When testifying at a trial, a sonographer should not:

A) be direct.
B) answer truthfully.
C) helpfully introduce additional information.
D) admit to not knowing or remembering, if that is the case.

Question 5

A charge of assault may result if a patient is:

A) allowed to fall.
B) verbally threatened.
C) slapped.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 6

The illegal restraint of another person's movement is:

A) battery.
B) detention.
C) false imprisonment.
D) kidnapping.

Question 7

_____ occurs when a negligent act or omission by a medical professional results in harm to the patient.

A) Medical malpractice
B) Negligence
C) Medical assault
D) A harmful act

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an unintentional tort?

A) Assault
B) Battery
C) Invasion of privacy
D) Negligence

Question 9

_____ laws are those that affect the individual rather than society as a whole.

A) Common
B) Civil
C) Constitutional
D) State

Question 10

The cornerstones of ethical conduct in our society are:

A) religion and law.
B) individual rights.
C) beneficence and nonmaleficence.
D) deontology and teleology.

Question 11

States may not restrict or regulate abortion procedures in the first trimester but may justify stringent regulations and prohibition of abortion in:

A) the second trimester.
B) the third trimester.
C) cases of sexual assault.
D) all of the above.

Question 12

A classic example of _____ is when a medical instrument is left inside a patient after surgery.

A) res ipsa loquitur
B) respondeat superior
C) deontology
D) breach of contract

Question 13

Duty, breach, cause, and injury are the four elements the plaintiff must establish in order to prove:

A) false imprisonment.
B) negligence.
C) assault.
D) battery.

Question 14

Which type of law is made by administrative agencies appointed by the president or governor?

A) Statutory
B) Administrative
C) Common
D) Tort

Question 15

A tort is a:

A) criminal wrong.
B) civil wrong.
C) felony.
D) misdemeanor.

Question 16

Which of the following is not an example of an intentional tort?

A) Invasion of privacy
B) Battery
C) Negligence
D) False imprisonment

Question 17

Which of the following statements about consent in untrue?

A) Consent to treat a minor patient usually is given by a parent/guardian.
B) Minor patients at least 7 years old should be included in the decision-making process.
C) Consent forms may be completed after the procedure.
D) The written consent form should be signed, witnessed, and dated.

Question 18

In hospital settings, applying restraints requires that:

A) the patient be informed as to the reason for the restraint.
B) a physician's order be documented in the patient's medical record.
C) a family member authorize their use.
D) a supervisor counter-sign the order.

Question 19

Patients have the right to:

A) request a chaperone.
B) make decisions about their treatment.
C) refuse to submit to a test or examination.
D) all of the above.

Question 20

Which type of law is enacted and enforced by federal or state legislators to help maintain the governmental right to uphold social order and to protect the rights of individuals?

A) Statutory
B) Administrative
C) Common
D) Tort

Question 21

Which doctrine of liability states that a hospital or healthcare facility, even if not the employer, can be held liable for a sonographer's negligence, if the sonographer is a contractor or independent agent?

A) Ostensible agency
B) Res ipsa loquitur
C) Master-servant
D) Borrowed servant

Question 22

_____ are concepts, goals, ideals, and behaviors formed by family, friends, culture, environment, education, and one's own life experiences.

A) Opinions
B) Values
C) Personality traits
D) Ethics

Question 23

Which of the following statements about providing keepsake images to parents is untrue?

A) The supervising physician should review the images first.
B) The supervising physician should deny release if abnormalities are found.
C) A written policy should be in place before offering keepsake images or tapes to patients.
D) The keepsake images or tape should be made first, before the diagnostic study.

Question 24

Before reporting a coworker for unethical behavior, you should

A) give serious consideration to being thought of as a "whistle blower."
B) gather relevant data to back your claim and keep a written record of events.
C)
C) go through the channels established by your place of employment.
D) do both b and

Question 25

A legal responsibility for the consequences of one's actions is:

A) negligence.
B) intentional tort.
C) medical malpractice.
D) liability.

Question 26

As patient advocates, sonographers should report concerns to any of the following except the:

A) quality assurance department.
B) risk management department.
C) HIPAA liaison.
D) referring physician.

Question 27

Which of the following best defines teleology?

A) Duty-based
B) Consequence-based
C) Principle-based
D) Motivation-based

Question 28

The failure to use reasonable care is:

A) liability.
B) negligence.
C) medical malpractice.
D) intentional tort.

Question 29

More than anything else in the past century, _____ has given rise to the most basic ethical questions and concerns.

A) managed care
B) stem cell research
C) advanced directives
D) selective termination

Question 30

Which kind of medical malpractice insurance policy protects the insured for incidents that occurred during the policy period but may not have been reported until after the policy expired?

A) Prior acts coverage
B) Occurrence
C) Tail
D) Claims-made

Question 31

Under the theory of _____, a sonographer's employer can be held liable for the sonographer's negligence as long as the sonographer was acting within the scope of employment.

A) captain of ship
B) ostensible agency
C) respondeat superior
D) res ipsa loquitur

Question 32

When making ethical decisions, it is important not to:

A) listen to hearsay.
B) identify too many options.
C) create conflict.
D) consult your institution's ethics committee too soon.