Deck 8: The Ict Industry

Question 1

​The terms outsourcing and offshoring are the same thing.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

​Most economists regard goods and services as a continuum, with intangible goods, such as __________, in the middle of the continuum.

A) ​hardware
B) ​software
C) ​computers
D) ​exports

Answer 2

B

Question 3

​Companies are classified into economic sectors according to the types of goods and services they provide.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

​Companies such as IBM and Sperry Rand launched the computer industry when they brought the first mainframes to market in the ________.

A) ​1940s
B) ​1950s
C) ​1960s
D) ​1970s

Question 5

​____________ reduces the cost of goods and services by using workers and manufacturing facilities in countries with inexpensive labor.

Question 6

​Moore's law accurately described the rate of chip innovation for the last 50 years.

Question 7

​In economics, _________ are things that can be used or consumed, whereas _________ are intangible actions performed for a consumer.

A) ​goods, services
B) ​services, goods
C) ​assets, services
D) ​none of the above

Question 8

​_______________ are two of the world's largest exporters of ICT services.

A) ​South Korea and U.S.
B) ​China and U.S.
C) U.S. and Japan​
D) ​India and Ireland

Question 9

​___________ states that every two years the number of transistors in an integrated circuit will double without raising its cost.

Question 10

​Worldwide, the ICT industry directly employs about _____ of the total workforce in jobs such as computer manufacturing, programming, and data security.

A) 4%​
B) ​14%
C) ​24%
D) ​40%

Question 11

​From the perspective of a business that creates and sells a technology product, the ____________maps the expected profitability of a product from its inception to its demise.

A) ​Roger's bell curve
B) ​product life cycle
C) ​Gartner Hype cycle
D) ​none of the above

Question 12

The __________ is made up of businesses that focus on digital equipment, software, communications technologies, and related services.​

A) ​ICT industry
B) ​stock market
C) ​dot-com industry
D) ​Internet

Question 13

​_________ technology displaces an existing business process, market, industry, or product.

Question 14

The information industry has three major facets: _________, computers, and telecommunications.​

Question 15

The growth of the ICT industry has a generally upward trend.​

Question 16

​The term product life cycle is frequently used to describe patterns in the way consumers adopt technology products.

Question 17

​A stock market _________ refers to a sharp rise in stock values that is later followed by a sudden decline.

Question 18

​A proprietary model called the __________ represents the position of a product during its life cycle of publicity.

A) ​Gartner Hype Cycle
B) ​Rogers' bell curve
C) ​Product life cycle
D) ​Disruptive technology

Question 19

​__________ goods are raw materials, tools, and machinery used by businesses to make consumer goods.

Question 20

The dot-com bubble occurred between the years 2008 and 2010.​

Question 21

​A manual calculator implements algorithms autonomously.

Question 22

​An abacus is an example of a(n) _________ calculator.

Question 23

​The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use ________ instead of mechanical switches as processing circuitry.

Question 24

In the context of economics, ___________ is a measurement of the amount of output that is produced per unit of input.​

Question 25

​ICT use in emerging nations lags behind its use in developed nations.

Question 26

​_________ is the monetary value of all the goods and services produced by a nation's workforce on an annual?basis.

A) Productivity​
B) ​GDP
C) ​ITC growth
D) ​PLC

Question 27

​Between 2001 and 2014, significant gains were made in global ICT use, with the highest gains in desktop computer purchases.

Question 28

​The ____________ was designed to tabulate the 1890 census and used cards with designated areas representing data fields.

A) ​Babbage's Analytical Engine
B) ​Schickard's Calculator
C) ​Atanasoff-Berry Computer
D) ​Hollerith Tabulating Machine

Question 29

​The U.S. Department of Homeland Security identifies six national security functions supplied by the ICT sector. Which one of the following is not one of them?

A) ​Provide identity management and trust support services
B) ​Provide disruptive technologies
C) ​Provide incident management capabilities
D) ​Provide Internet routing, access, and communications services

Question 30

​Babbage's __________ was an all-purpose computing device.

Question 31

​_____________ is the use of ICT technology to carry out politically motivated attacks designed to infiltrate, sabotage, or damage an opponent's information systems and defensive capabilities.

Question 32

​Which of the following i would be considered a mechanical calculator?

A) ​Schickard's Calculator
B) ​Pascaline
C) ​de Colmar's Arithmometer
D) ​all of the above

Question 33

​A calculation is based on a(n) ___________-the step-by-step process by which numbers are manipulated.

Question 34

​The Stuxnet virus that disabled Iranian nuclear centrifuges is an example of cyberwarfare.

Question 35

​The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use transistors instead of vacuum tubes as processing circuitry.

Question 36

​Based on existing laws governing international conflict, the ______________ sets out rules for conducting and responding to cyberwarfare.

A) ​Tallinn Manual
B) ​Cyberwarfare
C) ​SCADA
D) ​PLC

Question 37

​Which of the following would not be considered a disruptive technology?

A) ​Digital photography replacing film photography.
B) ​Smartphones replacing devices such as MP3 players.
C) ​Computers with word processors replacing typewriters.
D) ​Computers that run OS X replacing computers that run Windows 8.

Question 38

​Thomas de Colmar's _________ became the first mass-produced mechanical calculator.

Question 39

​__________ is the term that describes devices that automate many industrial tasks by receiving digital commands and converting them into real-world actions such as shutting down a power grid or opening a valve in a fuel pipeline.

Question 40

​A(n) ____________ calculator is a device that assists in the process of numeric calculations but requires the human operator to keep track of the algorithm.

A) mechanical​
B) ​manual
C) ​digital
D) ​algorithm

Question 41

​Atanasoff-Berry Computer is often considered the first electronic digital computer.

Question 42

When the PC version of the spreadsheet program __________ became available, the IBM PC quickly became the top-selling personal computer.​

Question 43

​_____ was the first commercially successful computer.

A) ​Z3
B) ​ENIAC
C) ​UNIVAC
D) ​Colossus

Question 44

ENIAC's memory held programs but not data.​

Question 45

Computer systems such as the Mark-8 and the MITS Altair are examples of early ______ computers.​

Question 46

​The Harvard Mark I was digital but used _________ rather than binary representation.

Question 47

​________ was an electronic device designed to decode messages that were sent between the German High Command and their field commanders in World War II.

Question 48

The Apple II computer included color graphics.​

Question 49

​Early computers that held both programs and data in memory became known as ________ architecture.

Question 50

Second-generation computers used ________ instead of vacuum tubes.​

Question 51

​_______-generation computers became possible by the development of integrated circuits.

A) ​First
B) ​Second
C) ​Third
D) ​Fourth

Question 52

A computer that used an Intel 4004 microprocessor would be considered a fourth-generation computer.​

Question 53

​Transistors performed functions similar to vacuum tubes, but they were larger and more power hungry.

Question 54

​It was not until the ______-generation of computers that portable operating systems, such as CP/M and UNIX, provided programmers with similar operating system commands across hardware platforms.

Question 55

​High-level programming languages were available for use on ________-generation computers

Question 56

​Most computer historians agree that computers have evolved through _______ distinct generations.

A) ​three
B) ​four
C) ​five
D) ​six

Question 57

​________ was designed to calculate trajectory tables for the U.S. Army.

A) ​ENIAC
B) ​Harvard Mark I
C) ​Colossus
D) ​Atanasoff-Berry Computer

Question 58

​Which of the following would be considered a third-generation computer?

A) ​IBM 360
B) ​UNIVAC
C) ​Z3
D) ​MITS Altair

Question 59

​Colossus used binary arithmetic.

Question 60

​________ computers, such as UNIVAC, can be characterized by their use of vacuum tubes to store individual bits of data.

A) ​First-generation
B) ​Second-generation
C) ​Third-generation
D) ​none of the above

Question 61

​Telegraphy remained the major technology for intercontinental communication well into the ________.

A) ​1930s
B) ​1940s
C) ​1950s
D) ​1960s

Question 62

​Prior to 1912, there were no laws or regulations restricting amateur radio transmission in the United States.

Question 63

The first telephones were connected by point-to-point networks, similar to those used by the telegraph system.​

Question 64

​Two-way radio technology went portable during World War I.

Question 65

​Apple released the first Apple Macintosh computer in what year? ___________

Question 66

​Which of the following would not be considered a common carrier?

A) ​Telegraph
B) ​Telephone
C) ​Cell phone services
D) ​Radio

Question 67

​Radio technology is the basis for cell phones and Wi-Fi.

Question 68

​The Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was brought to market in what year? ___________

Question 69

​___________ refers to transmitting text or symbolic information over long distances without the use of a living carrier, such as a courier.

Question 70

​A(n) ___________ is a device that transmits human voices over a distance using cables or airborne signals.

Question 71

​Transmitting data in a telegraph system used the _______ alphabet, a binary encoding system based on dots and dashes.

Question 72

A key feature of the Apple Lisa was its use of _______________.​

A) ​vacuum tubes
B) ​graphical user interface
C) ​transistors
D) ​VisiCalc

Question 73

​A(n) ___________ is any person or company that transports goods, passengers, or electronic signals over regular routes at set rates.

Question 74

​Guglielmo Marconi is credited as the person who invented the ___________, a device that sends and receives sound as electromagnetic waves.

Question 75

The success of an underwater telegraph cable depended on the discovery of __________, a rubber-like substance.

Question 76

​The first telephone was invented and patented by Alexander Graham Bell in ________.

A) ​1776
B) ​1876
C) ​1886
D) ​1906

Question 77

​The years between 1920 and 1960 are considered the Golden Age of ________.

Question 78

​Telephone networks are based on a hierarchy of interconnected stars. At the center of the star is a telephone ___________ that manages connections between callers.

Question 79

​A(n) __________ is a device that uses a low-power radio transmitter to carry out two-way voice communications.

A) ​cellular telephone
B) ​radio
C) ​telegraph
D) ​television

Question 80

​Samuel Morse developed and patented a telegraph system.