Question 1

Viruses are not included in the five kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

Viruses are not included in the five kingdoms.Scientists differ on the classification of viruses because they do not fit nicely into the characteristics of a "life form."

Question 2

Who is responsible for the theory of evolution?&#10;A)Louis Pasteur&#10;B)Charles Darwin&#10;C)Robert Hooke&#10;D)Robert Whittaker

Accepted Answer

Darwin formed taxonomic categories based on the phylogenetic (evolutionary)relationships between offspring from previous generations,contributing to our understanding of biology.He is considered the Father of Evolution.

Question 3

Gram-positive cell walls contain a lipid that becomes toxic (endotoxins)when in the bloodstream of the host.

Accepted Answer

Gram-negative cell walls contain a lipid that becomes toxic (endotoxins)when in the bloodstream of the host.

Question 4

What is the most severe type of malaria that humans can contract?&#10;A)Leishmania tropica&#10;B)Plasmodium falciparum&#10;C)Toxoplasma gondii&#10;D)Bacillus anthracis

Accepted Answer

Malaria is caused by many species of protozoa.Plasmodium falciparum is the most severe type of malaria that humans can contract.Female mosquitoes transfer this disease when they bite the skin.It is contained in their saliva.Symptoms include chills,fever,anemia,enlarged spleen,arthralgia,weakness,and vomiting.

Question 5

Virology is the study of viruses.

Accepted Answer

Virology is the study of viruses.

Question 6

How do viruses replicate?&#10;A)Via DNA and RNA duplication&#10;B)By lying dormant until the host cell is weakened&#10;C)Through fission&#10;D)By invading a host cell and taking over the replication process

Accepted Answer

Viruses do not seem to replicate in any of the previously described methods; instead,they assemble themselves in the same way that cars are assembled in a processing plant.In all living organisms except viruses,DNA is double stranded.RNA is replicated from the DNA information.Viruses invade a host cell and take over this replication process to make more viral DNA.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a component of an animal cell?&#10;A)Golgi complex&#10;B)Ribosomes&#10;C)Cytoplasm&#10;D)Chloroplasts

Accepted Answer

Animal cells lack the chloroplasts that plant cells use to store energy from the sun.Animal cells must manufacture their energy from food rather than from the sun.Inside each animal cell are many structures that work in unison.The nucleus contains the DNA of the cell.This is the genetic code of the animal.Other structures in the cell include ribosomes,mitochondria,Golgi complex,plasma membrane,cytoplasm,vesicles,and rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 8

Scientists have classified organisms into 10 different groups.

Accepted Answer

Scientists have classified organisms into seven different groups.These groups are based on structural similarities and the groups clarify how different organisms survive and interact with each other.This knowledge serves to aid scientists in understanding evolutionary changes.

Question 9

How can viruses be stopped from replicating and spreading?&#10;A)Inhibit the ability of the virus to attach to the host cell.&#10;B)Inhibit replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA/RNA.&#10;C)Inhibit the ability of the virus to assemble itself properly.&#10;D)All of the above are true.

Accepted Answer

(see Box 30-3)
Methods of Viral Inhibition
1.Inhibit the ability of the virus to attach to the host cell.If an antibody can be made to fit the viral coating,then it may be possible to inhibit the attachment of the virion to a host cell.
2.Inhibit replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA/RNA.By interjecting an antiviral agent that attaches itself to the DNA of the host cell,it may disrupt the replication process that codes for important proteins and enzymes used by the virion.Other components include disruption of specific nucleic acids,DNA polymerase,and other critical enzymes necessary to the formation of viral DNA/RNA strands.
3.Inhibit the ability of the virus to assemble itself properly.If protein synthesis is disrupted,the virion may not be able to build a necessary component that is needed to continue infecting new hosts.
4.Inhibit the ability of the virus to break out of the host cell.If the assembly process is disrupted or altered,it may be possible to inhibit the virion from assembling its components in the proper order or manner.This faulty virion cannot attach itself to the cell wall of the host to move out of the cell,where it can continue to reinfect new host cells.

Question 10

Louis Pasteur was able to show through his experiments that ____ was (were)responsible for spoilage of certain beverages,and thus paved the way for our understanding of germs.&#10;A)Flies&#10;B)Microorganisms&#10;C)Bacteria&#10;D)Spoilage

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur was able to show through his experiments that bacteria were responsible for spoilage of certain beverages,and thus paved the way for our understanding of germs.

Question 11

Charles Darwin is considered the Father of Evolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Charles Darwin is considered the Father of...

Question 12

The average life span of an adult in the 1600s was 40 years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The average life span of an adult...

Question 13

All forms of life can be seen without the aid of a microscope.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All forms of life can be seen...

Question 14

A vector&#160;is an entity by which infections are transferred,but the entity of transference does not have the disease and does not need to be a living organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A vector&#160;is an entity by which infections...

Question 15

Robert Hooke is considered the Father of Microbiology.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Robert Hooke is considered the Father of...

Question 16

What is the most obvious difference between animal cells and bacterial and plant cells?&#10;A)Lack of a chloroplast&#10;B)Lack of a cell wall&#10;C)Lack of cytoplasm&#10;D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most obvious difference between...

Question 17

What is the most common way to identify viruses?&#10;A)Reaction with antibodies&#10;B)Replication methods&#10;C)Shape and size&#10;D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most common way to...

Question 18

Which scientist is associated with the Golden Age of Microbiology?&#10;A)Robert Hooke&#10;B)Charles Darwin&#10;C)Robert Whittaker&#10;D)Louis Pasteur

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which scientist is associated with the Golden...

Question 19

Microbiology is the study of life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microbiology is the study of life....

Question 20

Which one of the following kingdoms does not consist of eukaryotic organisms?&#10;A)Monera&#10;B)Animalia&#10;C)Fungi&#10;D)Protista

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following kingdoms does...

Question 21

Match the term with the correct definition.
a.The study of microscopic organisms
b.A protein that accelerates a reaction by reducing the amount of energy required to initiate a reaction; also called a biological catalyst
c.A term that describes organisms that need oxygen to survive
d.The study of viruses
e.Requiring complex carbon and nitrogen for metabolic synthesis
f.A microorganism that can live with or without oxygen
g.A term that describes organisms that live in the absence of oxygen
h.The study of life
i.A microscopic organism that replicates exclusively inside the host's cell, using parts of the host cell including DNA, ribosomes, and proteins
j.Refers to microorganisms not visible without a microscope
Facultative anaerobe

Accepted Answer