Question 1

What term is used to describe an allele present on the same chromosome?&#10;A)Amorph&#10;B)Cis&#10;C)Genotype&#10;D)Karyotype

Accepted Answer

An allele present on the same chromosome is referred to as "cis" because it is on the same side of the chromosome. The opposite of cis is trans, which describes two alleles present on different chromosomes. Amorph refers to a non-functional or null allele, genotype is the combination of alleles an individual has, and karyotype is a complete set of chromosomes for an individual or species.

Question 2

DNA is defined as&#10;A)Deoxyribonucleic acid&#10;B)Deoxyribonucleic alkali&#10;C)Digoxin neural assessment&#10;D)Diploid nucleotide analysis

Accepted Answer

DNA is commonly known as Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. The other choices are not relevant to the definition of DNA.

Question 3

Which type of gene expresses a trait that does not allow the expression of a trait encoded by an alternative allele at the same locus on the other chromosome?&#10;A)Aggressive&#10;B)Co-dominant&#10;C)Dominant&#10;D)Recessive

Accepted Answer

A dominant gene expresses a trait that masks the expression of a recessive allele at the same locus on the other chromosome. Therefore, the expression of the dominant allele prevents the expression of the alternative allele.

Question 4

In a pedigree,an X-linked trait will exhibit a recognizable pattern of inheritance because&#10;A)females carry one X and one Y chromosome and males carry one X and one Y chromosome&#10;B)females carry two X chromosomes and males carry one X and one Y chromosome&#10;C)females carry two X chromosomes and males carry two Y chromosomes&#10;D)females carry two Y chromosomes and males carry one X and one Y chromosome

Accepted Answer

X-linked traits are carried on the X chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes while males have one X and one Y chromosome. Therefore, the pattern of inheritance of an X-linked trait will be easily recognizable because it will be expressed differently in males and females due to their differences in sex chromosomes.

Question 5

What is the abbreviation for the amino acid glutamine?&#10;A)Gln&#10;B)Glu&#10;C)Gly&#10;D)Gtm

Accepted Answer

The abbreviation for glutamine is Gln.

Question 6

Which of the following is the method used for predicting genotype frequencies of offspring?&#10;A)Combination grouping&#10;B)Dominant grouping&#10;C)Dosage effect&#10;D)Punnett square

Accepted Answer

Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the possible genotype frequencies of offspring from a cross between two individuals with known genotypes. It allows for the tracking of alleles from parent to offspring and can be used to determine the probability of particular genotypes appearing in the offspring.

Question 7

Which of the following resulted in the determination of over 99% of the nucleotide sequences in the human genome?&#10;A)DNA microarrays&#10;B)Hardy-Weinberg equation&#10;C)Human Genome Project&#10;D)Knowledge of PCR

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome Project was a large-scale international project that aimed to determine the complete sequence of nucleotide bases that make up human DNA. The project determined over 99% of the nucleotide sequences in the human genome. DNA microarrays are used to study gene expression, while the Hardy-Weinberg equation is used to study the frequency of alleles in a population. Knowledge of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a fundamental technique used to amplify DNA, but it does not directly contribute to the determination of overall nucleotide sequences in the human genome.

Question 8

DNA is made up of nucleotides.How many bases do nucleotides have?&#10;A)Two&#10;B)Three&#10;C)Four&#10;D)Five

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides have four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Question 9

Which statement is true?&#10;A)Blood group antigen molecules are produced as a result of alleles at a nonspecific gene locus.&#10;B)Carbohydrate blood group antigens are produced directly by the allele.&#10;C)Enzymes are proteins that catalyze a chemical reaction.&#10;D)Red blood cell antigens cannot be a structural part of the red blood cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze a chemical reaction. This statement is true and accurately describes enzymes.

Answer: B
 Carbohydrate blood group antigens are produced directly by the allele. This statement is true and accurately describes the production of carbohydrate blood group antigens.

Answer: D
 This statement is false. Red blood cell antigens are actually structural parts of the red blood cell membrane. Therefore, this statement is not true.

Therefore, the best choices are C and B.

Question 10

RNA is defined as&#10;A)Recessive nucleotide analysis&#10;B)Red blood cell nucLe&#7491;r antigen&#10;C)Ribonucleic acid&#10;D)Ribonucleic alkali

Accepted Answer

RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that plays a crucial role in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

Option A is incorrect- There is no such term as recessive nucleotide analysis, and it has no relation to RNA.

Option B is incorrect - RBC nuclear antigen refers to the antigens present on the nucleus of red blood cells, and it has no relation to RNA.

Option D is incorrect - There is no such term as ribonucleic alkali, and it has no relation to RNA.

Question 11

The sex cells,either eggs or sperm,are ________ in humans,meaning that they contain one copy of each chromosome rather than two.&#10;A)complementary&#10;B)haploid&#10;C)homologous&#10;D)linear

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sex cells,either eggs or sperm,are ________...

Question 12

Which term refers to the fact that human cells,except for sexual cells,contain two sets of chromosomes?&#10;A)Diploid&#10;B)Karyotype&#10;C)Mitosis&#10;D)Polymerase

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to the fact that...

Question 13

What is the function of ribosomes?&#10;A)Produce complementary strand of mRNA&#10;B)Transcribe DNA into mRNA&#10;C)Translate mRNA into protein&#10;D)Unwind DNA

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the function of ribosomes?&#10;A)Produce complementary...

Question 14

When alleles at a given locus on both chromosomes are identical they are&#10;A)antithetical&#10;B)indecipherable&#10;C)heterozygous&#10;D)homozygous

Accepted Answer

The answer of When alleles at a given locus on...

Question 15

What is the term for sexual cell division?&#10;A)Meiosis&#10;B)Mitosis&#10;C)Mutation&#10;D)Replication

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the term for sexual cell...

Question 16

All of the following statements are true except&#10;A)The null phenotype is the inheritance of genes that code for no expression of the usual blood group antigens for that system.&#10;B)An amorphic gene expresses a phenotype and can be called the silent gene.&#10;C)Interaction among alleles or the products of different genes may modify the expression of a trait.&#10;D)The HLA genes are linked and are inherited as haplotypes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following statements are true...

Question 17

Which term refers to a genetic system that expresses two or more phenotypes?&#10;A)Amorphic&#10;B)Genotype&#10;C)Phenotype&#10;D)Polymorphic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to a genetic system...

Question 18

The site of the gene on the chromosome is the&#10;A)allele&#10;B)codon&#10;C)locus&#10;D)null

Accepted Answer

The answer of The site of the gene on the...

Question 19

The tendency for genes that are close together on the same chromosome to be inherited as a unit is called&#10;A)codonage&#10;B)linkage&#10;C)morphing&#10;D)replicating

Accepted Answer

The answer of The tendency for genes that are close...

Question 20

Most common blood group alleles result from which type of DNA modification?&#10;A)Chromosome crossover&#10;B)Gene deletion&#10;C)Multiple nucleotide transposition&#10;D)Single nucleotide polymorphism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most common blood group alleles result from...

Deck 2: Immunogenetics: the Origin of Antigens