Deck 4: Hardware and Software

Question 1

A ________ is 1,024 bytes.

A)kilobyte
B)megabyte
C)gigabyte
D)terabyte

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is considered to be input hardware?

A)keyboard
B)printers
C)speakers
D)screen projectors

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A computer with a quad-processor has ________ CPUs.

A)8
B)4
C)2
D)16

Answer 3

B

Question 4

One ________ = 1024 kilobytes.

A)terabyte
B)megabyte
C)gigabyte
D)bit

Question 5

For some commercial Web sites,the server is actually a large collection of computers,called a ________,that coordinates all of their activities.

A)networking terminal
B)workstation
C)server farm
D)data bus

Question 6

Users employ ________ computers for word processing,spreadsheets,database access,and so forth.

A)client
B)cached
C)licensed
D)volatile

Question 7

Which device listed below is an example of an output hardware device?

A)keyboard
B)flatbed plotter
C)CPU
D)magnetic disk

Question 8

A(n)________ is a program that controls the computer's resources.

A)cache
B)operating system
C)CPU
D)bus

Question 9

Which of the following patterns represents the value 11011?

A)closed; closed; open; closed; closed
B)open; closed; open; open; closed
C)closed; open; open; open; closed
D)open; closed; closed; open; open

Question 10

Memory is said to be ________ if contents are lost when power is off.

A)cached
B)volatile
C)random
D)swapped

Question 11

CPU speed is expressed in ________.

A)hertz
B)bytes
C)bits
D)meters per second

Question 12

All computer data is represented by ________,irrespective of type.

A)dots
B)pixels
C)tags
D)bits

Question 13

One ________ is equivalent to 1024 gigabytes.

A)petabyte
B)terabyte
C)megabyte
D)kilobyte

Question 14

Which of the following is true of a client?

A)They usually have multiple CPUs.
B)They have software that enables them to connect to a network.
C)They have limited video displays or no display at all.
D)They can process emails or large shared databases.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of a server?

A)Single but powerful CPUs are used by all servers.
B)Extensive video displays characterize all servers.
C)Processing shared databases is one of its functions.
D)Servers cannot process emails and Web sites.

Question 16

The CPU has a small amount of very fast memory called ________.

A)the main memory
B)a data channel
C)a serial bus
D)a cache

Question 17

Which of the following is true of a 32-bit CPU?

A)It cannot effectively utilize more than 4GB of main memory.
B)It has a higher speed than any other processor.
C)It is ideal for creating large,complicated spreadsheets.
D)It is more expensive than the 64-bit CPU.

Question 18

To execute an instruction,data is moved from the main memory to the CPU via the ________.

A)bus
B)operating system
C)cache
D)application

Question 19

Which of the following is part of volatile memory?

A)magnetic disk
B)magnetic tape
C)optical disk
D)cache

Question 20

When there is not enough memory to load additional programs in the main memory,the operating system removes some programs/data and replaces it with the newly requested programs/data through a process called ________.

A)data labeling
B)force programming
C)memory swapping
D)data paging

Question 21

________ is a type of computer software which is installed in special,read-only memory in devices like printers or communication devices.

A)Firmware
B)Instruction set
C)Operating system
D)Browser

Question 22

The CPU selects instructions,processes them,performs arithmetic and logical comparisons,and stores results of operations in memory.

Question 23

________ is the process whereby multiple operating systems share the same hardware.

A)Machine coding
B)Virtualization
C)License sharing
D)Cloud computing

Question 24

Application programs that require programs other than a browser on a user's computer are called ________.

A)thin-client applications
B)horizontal applications
C)vertical applications
D)thick-client applications

Question 25

Which of the following operating systems was developed by the open source community?

A)Opera
B)Windows
C)Linux
D)Mac OS

Question 26

Which of the following is true of thick-client applications?

A)A thick-client application is an application program that need not be preinstalled on the client.
B)All other things being equal,thin-client applications are preferred over thick client applications.
C)A thick-client application does not require preinstallation of client code.
D)In large organizations which use thick-client applications,update installation and version management are inexpensive.

Question 27

Software that provides capabilities common across all organizations and industries is known as ________ software.

A)vertical-market application
B)market-wide
C)horizontal-market application
D)generic-application

Question 28

Programs that control the server computer's resources are ________.

A)client operating systems
B)client application programs
C)server operating systems
D)server application programs

Question 29

A quad-processor computer has two CPUs.

Question 30

________ is computer code as written by humans and that is understandable by humans.

A)Open source
B)Machine code
C)Source code
D)Native code

Question 31

A flatbed plotter is an example of an input device.

Question 32

Which of the following is true of in-house custom-developed software?

A)They are less expensive than off-the-shelf software.
B)The organization has to tailor its applications to the software.
C)They are easy and comparatively cheap to make.
D)Custom-developed software require no adaption even if needs change.

Question 33

A grocery scanning checkout system is an example of ________.

A)vertical-market software
B)horizontal-market software
C)a one-of-a-kind application
D)an operating system

Question 34

A dual-processor computer has 16 or more CPUs.

Question 35

An individual buying a computer program ________.

A)accrues liability for the usage of the program
B)can install the program on multiple computers
C)just buys a license to use the product
D)can also use most other programs using the license

Question 36

Every computer has a(n)________,which is a program that controls that computer's resources.

A)operating system
B)browser
C)central processing unit
D)instruction set

Question 37

Hardware consists of electronic components and related gadgetry that input,process,output,and store data according to instructions encoded in computer programs or software.

Question 38

Printers are examples of output hardware.

Question 39

Which of the following operating systems is most commonly used?

A)Linux
B)Windows
C)Unix
D)Mac OS

Question 40

Optical disks are the most common storage devices.

Question 41

A gigabyte is 1,024 terabytes.

Question 42

The most frequently used instructions are stored in the cache.

Question 43

CPU speed is expressed in cycles called hertz.

Question 44

DVDs are the most common storage devices.

Question 45

Saving your work frequently is advised to tackle the issue of memory volatility.

Question 46

A switch representation of the binary notation 1010 will be open; closed; open; open.

Question 47

A specification that a computing device has 100 million bytes of memory means that the device could hold up to 100 million characters.

Question 48

Main memory of the computer contains instructions for the operating system (OS).

Question 49

Memory swapping is the process of transferring data between the main memory and the cache.

Question 50

To execute an instruction,the CPU moves the instruction from main memory via the cache.

Question 51

The term byte stands for binary digit.

Question 52

To run a program or process data,the CPU must first transfer the program or data from disk to main memory.

Question 53

An exabyte is 1,024 petabytes.

Question 54

USB connectors complicated the connection of peripheral gear to computers for users.

Question 55

The CPU keeps rarely used instructions in the cache.

Question 56

Most servers do not have a video display or even a keyboard.

Question 57

A terabyte is a larger unit than a petabyte.

Question 58

All computer data are represented by bits.

Question 59

When you work on a spreadsheet program like Excel,the program is loaded into the cache for processing.

Question 60

Main memory is also called cache memory.

Question 61

A thin-client application is an application program that must be preinstalled on the client.

Question 62

What are the different categories of application programs?

Question 63

What is virtualization?

Question 64

Differentiate between an operating system and an application program.

Question 65

List the four major operating systems and their usages.

Question 66

What are the drawbacks of developing custom application software for an organization?

Question 67

Virtualization is the process by which one computer hosts the appearance of many computers.

Question 68

What are the two important software constraints? Explain with suitable examples.

Question 69

Server computers need lots of main memory and very large disks.

Question 70

A thick-client application is one that runs within a browser and does not need to be preinstalled.

Question 71

Describe how computer data is sized.

Question 72

Describe the basic components of a generic computer.

Question 73

Large sites that require numerous servers will organize them through a data farm.

Question 74

What is unique about Linux as an operating system?

Question 75

Magnetic and optical disks are nonvolatile.

Question 76

Differentiate between client and server computers.

Question 77

A server farm can process only one service request per minute.

Question 78

How can individuals and firms buy computer programs?

Question 79

What are bits? Explain the various methods of representing binary notation.

Question 80

Briefly describe how a computer works.