Deck 4: Hardware and Software

Question 1

To run a program,a computer first transfers the program from disk to ________.

A) the main memory
B) the CPU
C) the processor
D) the read-only memory

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Memory is said to be ________ if contents are lost when power is off.

A) nonvolatile
B) volatile
C) random
D) swapped

Answer 2

B

Question 3

One ________ is equivalent to 1,024 kilobytes.

A) terabyte
B) megabyte
C) gigabyte
D) bit

Answer 3

B

Question 4

One ________ is equivalent to 1,024 gigabytes.

A) petabyte
B) terabyte
C) megabyte
D) kilobyte

Question 5

Which of the following is an output hardware device?

A) keyboard
B) flatbed plotter
C) CPU
D) magnetic disk

Question 6

When a user needs to load more data into an existing program,which of the following instructions will an operating system direct the CPU to attempt?

A) wait for the existing program to be closed
B) restart the existing program
C) place the new data into unused memory
D) replace the memory used by the existing program with the new data

Question 7

Which of the following is used to receive and process thousands of requests from a large number of users?

A) a data bus
B) a stand-alone server
C) a server farm
D) a client computer

Question 8

A(n)________ is a program that controls a computer's resources.

A) cache
B) operating system
C) CPU
D) bus

Question 9

Which of the following is true of a 32-bit CPU?

A) It cannot effectively utilize more than 4GB of main memory.
B) It has a higher speed than any other processor.
C) It is ideal for creating large, complicated spreadsheets.
D) It is more expensive than the 64-bit CPU.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of nonvolatile memory?

A) magnetic disk
B) cache
C) main memory
D) buffer

Question 11

Computers represent data using binary digits,called ________.

A) dots
B) pixels
C) tags
D) bits

Question 12

Which of the following is considered input hardware?

A) keyboards
B) printers
C) speakers
D) screen projectors

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of volatile memory?

A) magnetic disk
B) magnetic tape
C) optical disk
D) cache

Question 14

Which of the following is true about client computers?

A) They receive and process multiple service requests per minute.
B) They have software that enables them to connect to a network.
C) They have limited video displays or no display at all.
D) They require a minimum of 4GB main memory to process information.

Question 15

To execute an instruction,data is moved from the main memory to the CPU via the ________.

A) bus
B) operating system
C) cache
D) application

Question 16

The number of bits to represent a single character is referred to as a ________.

A) byte
B) kilobyte
C) terabyte
D) megabyte

Question 17

A computer with a quad-processor has ________ CPUs.

A) eight
B) four
C) two
D) sixteen

Question 18

CPU speed is expressed in cycles called ________.

A) hertz
B) bytes
C) bits
D) meters per second

Question 19

A ________ is 1,024 bytes.

A) kilobyte
B) megabyte
C) gigabyte
D) terabyte

Question 20

Which of the following is true of a server?

A) It is used to send requests.
B) It can be accessed by not more than one user at a time.
C) It is typically accessed from another computer via a network.
D) It cannot process emails and Web sites.

Question 21

The central processing unit is referred to as the brain of the computer.

Question 22

________ is a type of computer software that is installed into devices such as printers,print servers,and various types of communication devices.

A) Firmware
B) Desktop program
C) Operating system
D) Browser

Question 23

McCann Systems,a leading IT firm,develops customized billing software to meet the needs of its individual customers: In this case,the software developed by the firm is referred to as a(n)________.

A) vertical-market application software
B) horizontal-market application software
C) one-of-a-kind application software
D) operating systems software

Question 24

Programs that control a server computer's resources are referred to as ________.

A) client operating systems
B) client application programs
C) server operating systems
D) server application programs

Question 25

Which of the following is an open-source operating system?

A) Opera
B) Windows
C) Linux
D) Mac OS

Question 26

Some computers have two or more CPUs.

Question 27

The speed and costs of central processing units are the same across multiple hardware vendors.

Question 28

Application programs that run within a browser,without the need to be preinstalled on client computers,are referred to as ________.

A) thin-client applications
B) firmware
C) desktop programs
D) thick-client applications

Question 29

An individual buying a computer program ________.

A) accrues liability for the usage of the program
B) can install the program on multiple computers
C) just buys a license to use the product
D) can use the same license to activate another program

Question 30

Which of the following is true about operating systems software?

A) Both client and server computers need to run on the same operating system.
B) The operating system performs a majority of application-specific tasks.
C) Both client and server computers need an operating system.
D) A single version operating system can be used for different types of hardware.

Question 31

Which of the following is true of in-house custom-developed software?

A) They are less expensive than off-the-shelf software.
B) An organization can tailor its applications to fit its requirements.
C) Developing custom software is easier than using a horizontal application.
D) Custom-developed software need not be adapted to changing needs.

Question 32

The CPU performs arithmetic and logical comparisons and stores results of operations in memory.

Question 33

Which of the following is the most widely used operating system in business?

A) Linux
B) Windows
C) Unix
D) Mac OS

Question 34

Which of the following is true of thick-client applications?

A) A thick-client application is an application program that need not be preinstalled on the client.
B) They generally have more features and functions than thin-client applications.
C) A thick-client application does not need a server connection to run.
D) Update installation and version management are inexpensive when large numbers of users work on the same version of the application.

Question 35

Which of the following refers to an application that runs on personal computers and does not need to connect to any server to run?

A) a thick-client application
B) a thin-client application
C) a firmware
D) a desktop program

Question 36

Hardware consists of electronic components that input,process,output,and store data.

Question 37

________ is computer code as written by humans and that is understandable by humans.

A) Bytecode
B) Machine code
C) Source code
D) Binary code

Question 38

Software that provides capabilities common across all organizations and industries is known as ________ software.

A) vertical-market application
B) market-wide
C) horizontal-market application
D) generic-application

Question 39

The CPU reads data and instructions from a read-only memory.

Question 40

________ is the process whereby multiple operating systems share the same hardware.

A) Machine coding
B) Virtualization
C) License sharing
D) Cloud computing

Question 41

Main memory is also called cache memory.

Question 42

A server farm can process only one service request per minute.

Question 43

A terabyte is a larger unit than a petabyte.

Question 44

USB connectors complicated the connection of peripheral gear to computers for users.

Question 45

A bit is represented either as a zero or a one.

Question 46

Optical disks are the most common storage devices.

Question 47

When you work on a spreadsheet program like Excel,the program is loaded into the cache for processing.

Question 48

The CPU loads programs into the memory as chunks.

Question 49

A computer is faster if it has a large cache.

Question 50

A specification that a computing device has 100 million bytes of memory means that the device could hold up to 100 million characters.

Question 51

Processing many programs at the same time needs lots of main memory.

Question 52

A gigabyte is 1,024 terabytes.

Question 53

A 64-bit CPU can address more main memory than a 32-bit CPU.

Question 54

Computers can function in the absence of operating system software.

Question 55

Constant memory swapping will reduce the speed of a computer.

Question 56

Saving your work frequently is advised to tackle the issue of memory volatility.

Question 57

The CPU keeps rarely used instructions in the cache.

Question 58

An exabyte is 1,024 petabytes.

Question 59

Application programs can be processed by both client and server computers.

Question 60

A client computer can be part of a public network.

Question 61

Server computers cannot host virtual machines.

Question 62

Explain how computer programs are licensed to individuals and organizations.

Question 63

Modifying existing firmware requires knowledge of special programs and techniques.

Question 64

Briefly describe how a computer works.

Question 65

What is an operating system? How is it different from an application program?

Question 66

How does a computer store data,and what are the different specifications of data size?

Question 67

What are the different categories of application programs?

Question 68

What are the two important software constraints? Explain with suitable examples.

Question 69

Differentiate between client and server computers.

Question 70

What are the drawbacks of developing custom application software for an organization?

Question 71

What is unique about Linux as an operating system?

Question 72

A host operating system controls the activities of the virtual machines it hosts.

Question 73

How does open source work? How is it different from closed source projects?

Question 74

What is firmware?

Question 75

Explain the four major nonmobile client operating systems and their functions.

Question 76

Describe the basic components of a generic computer.

Question 77

Modifications to the source code of an open source program cannot be added to the product.

Question 78

What is virtualization?

Question 79

Code needed for the execution of thin-client application is loaded dynamically by a browser.

Question 80

The general public can access and alter a closed source code of a program.