Deck 2: Computers: the Machines Behind Computing

Question 1

Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits were introduced in fifth-generation computers.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

An object code must be translated into source code for a computer to read and execute it.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Extended ASCII is a data code that allows the representation of 1024 characters.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A computer with a 32-bit processor can perform calculations with larger numbers better than a 64-bit system.

Question 5

Identify the type of computers that has the highest storage capability.

A) Subnotebooks
B) Notebooks
C) Personal computers
D) Supercomputers

Question 6

Fourth-generation languages (4GLs) are also called procedural languages.

Question 7

A server is a set of programs for controlling and managing computer hardware and software.

Question 8

Inkjet printers produce characters by projecting onto paper electrically charged droplets of ink that create an image.

Question 9

Computers cannot store massive amounts of data in small spaces.

Question 10

A byte is a single value of 0 or 1.

Question 11

The arithmetic logic unit and the control unit are part of the Basic Input/Output System.

Question 12

The hardware component of a computer system consists of programs written in computer languages.

Question 13

The__________tells the computer what to do, such as instructing the computer which device to read or send output to.

A) main memory
B) motherboard
C) operating system
D) control unit
E) Select

Question 14

In network-attached storage (NAS), as the number of users increases, its performance increases.

Question 15

ENIAC is an example of a first-generation computer.

Question 16

A(n)__________, a memory device, uses laser beams to access and store data.

A) video adapter
B) memory chip
C) optical disc
D) digital card
E) Select

Question 17

Spreadsheet software is more powerful than financial planning software.

Question 18

A(n) _____ is a communication interface through which information is transferred one bit at a time.

A) serial port
B) parallel port
C) extended capability port
D) enhanced parallel port

Question 19

Computers perform all tasks using a combination of arithmetic and logical operations.

Question 20

To make a computer understand a program, the source code must be first translated into__________code.

A) ASCII
B) object
C) ternary
D) UTF-8
E) Select

Question 21

A petabyte is equal to _____ bytes.

A) 230
B) 240
C) 250
D) 260

Question 22

Third-generation computers operated on _____.

A) integrated circuits
B) vacuum tube technology
C) parallel processing
D) optical discs

Question 23

_____ holds data when the computer is off or during the course of a program's operation.

A) Random access memory
B) Read-only memory
C) Secondary memory
D) Programmable read-only memory

Question 24

A(n) _____ is an interface between a computer and a printer that enables the computer to transfer multiple bits of information to the printer simultaneously.

A) parallel port
B) serial port
C) arithmetic logic unit
D) control unit

Question 25

__________bits equal one byte.

A) Six
B) Eight
C) Thirty-two
D) Sixty-four
E) Select

Question 26

Which of the following is true of memory devices?

A) The contents of flash memory cannot be reprogrammed.
B) The contents of random access memory cannot be reprogrammed.
C) The contents of programmable read-only memory cannot be reprogrammed.
D) The contents of cache random access memory cannot be reprogrammed.

Question 27

In a(n) _____ file, each alphabetic, numeric, or special character is represented with a 7-bit binary number.

A) Extended Binary Code Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)
B) Unicode
C) American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
D) Extended ASCII

Question 28

Which of the following best defines an operating system (OS)?

A) It is a set of programs for controlling and managing computer hardware and software.
B) It is a computer and all the software for managing network resources and offering services to a network.
C) It is a collection of disk drives used for fault tolerance and is typically found in large network systems.
D) It is the main circuit board containing connectors for attaching additional boards.

Question 29

Corel Quattro Pro is an example of__________.

A) word-processing software
B) spreadsheet software
C) database software
D) desktop publishing software
E) Select

Question 30

_____ is an example of a secondary memory device.

A) An inkjet printer
B) An optical disc
C) Random access memory
D) Read-only memory

Question 31

Which of the following is true of fifth-generation languages (5GLs)?

A) They are the easiest computer languages to use.
B) They contain a series of 0s and 1s representing data or instructions.
C) They are machine dependent and need to be changed after every use.
D) They use artificial intelligence technologies, such as knowledge-based systems.

Question 32

Trackballs are ideal for notebook computers because they _____.

A) occupy less space than a mouse
B) rely on optical scanning of the data on a notebook
C) allow faster and more precise cursor positioning than a mouse
D) rely on light detection to determine which menu item has been selected

Question 33

Which of the following is a difference between read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM)?

A) ROM is volatile memory, whereas RAM is nonvolatile memory.
B) ROM is secondary memory, whereas RAM is main memory.
C) ROM is nonvolatile memory, whereas RAM is volatile memory.
D) ROM is main memory, whereas RAM is secondary memory.

Question 34

_____ allows data to be stored in multiple places to improve a system's reliability.

A) A remote access server
B) Network-attached storage
C) Random access memory
D) A redundant array of independent disks

Question 35

Identify the type of computers that has the highest price.

A) Subnotebooks
B) Notebooks
C) Personal computers
D) Supercomputers

Question 36

A__________is an input device for computers.

A) mouse
B) printer
C) monitor
D) speaker
E) Select

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true of laser printers?

A) They are most suitable for home users.
B) They use toners to create high-quality outputs.
C) They are used to generate three-dimensional outputs.
D) They use solid ink to generate two-dimensional outputs.

Question 38

In the context of storage devices, CD-ROMs and DVDs are examples of _____.

A) magnetic tape
B) magnetic disks
C) optical discs
D) main memory devices

Question 39

Microsoft PowerPoint is the most commonly used__________software.

A) desktop publishing
B) presentation
C) graphics
D) project management
E) Select

Question 40

__________include gallium arsenide chips that run at higher speeds and consume less power than silicon chips and optical technologies.

A) Second-generation computers
B) Third-generation computers
C) Fourth-generation computers
D) Fifth-generation computers
E) Select

Question 41

In the context of computer operations, division is a(n) _____.

A) arithmetic operation
B) storage operation
C) logical operation
D) retrieval operation

Question 42

A(n)__________, made of Mylar, is used for random-access processing of data in a computer.

A) video adapter
B) optical disc
C) cassette tape
D) magnetic disk
E) Select

Question 43

UNIX is a type of _____.

A) storage area network
B) application software
C) remote access server
D) operating system

Question 44

A(n)__________is a type of server that stores computer software, which users can access from their workstations.

A) database server
B) Web server
C) application server
D) file server
E) Select

Question 45

_____ means saving data in computer memory.

A) Stream
B) Retrieval
C) Syndication
D) Storage

Question 46

Beginning in the 1940s, first-generation computers used _____.

A) transistors
B) vacuum tube technology
C) integrated circuits
D) laser technology

Question 47

__________are compatible with the IBM System/360 line introduced in 1965.

A) Minicomputers
B) Mainframe computers
C) Personal computers
D) Super computers
E) Select

Question 48

Computer designers have concentrated on technology using gallium arsenide instead of silicon because silicon:

A) cannot be used for the mass production of electronic devices.
B) cannot emit light and has speed limitations.
C) is soft and fragile.
D) is expensive.

Question 49

A(n) _____ is an input device used to grade multiple-choice and true/false tests.

A) optical character reader
B) magnetic character sensor
C) magnetic ink character recognition system
D) optical mark recognition system

Question 50

The most common type of main memory is a semiconductor memory chip made of__________.

A) arsenic
B) germanium
C) silicon
D) manganese
E) Select

Question 51

_____ consists of a series of 0s and 1s representing data or instructions.

A) Assembly language
B) A fourth-generation language
C) Machine language
D) A fifth-generation language

Question 52

Java and C++ are examples of _____.

A) assembly language
B) high-level languages
C) machine language
D) compiler languages

Question 53

Which of the following is true of fourth-generation languages (4GLs)?

A) They are the easiest computer languages to use.
B) They are composed of rigorous command syntaxes.
C) They contain a series of 0s and 1s representing data or instructions.
D) They use artificial intelligence technologies, such as knowledge-based systems.

Question 54

An Extended ASCII data code allows representation of maximum _____ characters.

A) 128
B) 256
C) 512
D) 1024

Question 55

A write once, read many (WORM) disc is a common type of _____.

A) magnetic storage
B) optical storage
C) random access memory
D) compact disc read-only memory

Question 56

Which of the following statements is true of an inkjet printer?

A) It uses multicolor ink cartridges to print digital photographs.
B) Its output for a mainframe computer is called soft copy.
C) It uses laser-based technology that creates electrical charges on a rotating drum to attract toner.
D) It is used in office environments that have high-volume and high-quality printing requirements.

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of an input device?

A) A barcode reader
B) A cathode ray tube
C) An inkjet printer
D) An organic light-emitting diode

Question 58

_____, which is used for online storage and backup, involves multiple virtual servers that are usually hosted by third parties.

A) Kernel storage
B) Buffer storage
C) Cache storage
D) Cloud storage

Question 59

In the context of storage measurements, a _____ is the size of a character.

A) nibble
B) decibel
C) byte
D) node

Question 60

A(n)__________is the enclosure containing the computer's main components.

A) disk drive
B) computer chassis
C) expansion slot
D) parallel port
E) Select

Question 61

Every character, number, or symbol on the keyboard is represented as a(n) _____ in computer memory.

A) decimal number
B) hexadecimal number
C) octal number
D) binary number

Question 62

Codes written for one type of computer using__________do not work on another type of computer.

A) assembly language
B) structured query language
C) a fourth-generation language
D) a fifth-generation language
E) Select

Question 63

Gallium arsenide _____ than silicon.

A) is more fragile
B) is more suitable for mass production
C) emits less light
D) operates at lower temperatures

Question 64

A(n) _____ is a step-by-step direction for performing a specific task, which is written in a language the computer can understand.

A) array
B) server
C) cache
D) program

Question 65

Jacob, a data analyst, is working on a project from home and needs to download some data from his office network. Which of the following server platforms will best serve Jacob's purpose?

A) Remote access servers
B) Web servers
C) Application servers
D) Disk servers

Question 66

The Clipboard's contents are typically stored in _____.

A) read-only memory
B) random access memory
C) magnetic disks
D) magnetic tape

Question 67

The supervisor program in an operating system (OS) is also known as the _____.

A) kernel
B) metadata
C) applet
D) cache

Question 68

A _____ is a peripheral device for recording, storing, and retrieving information.

A) disk drive
B) motherboard
C) control unit
D) processor

Question 69

Which of the following is true of magnetic tape?

A) It is made of metal.
B) It stores data sequentially.
C) It resembles compact discs.
D) It is a main memory device.

Question 70

The wordcomputerconsists of 64 bits, which is equivalent to _____ bytes.

A) 6
B) 8
C) 16
D) 32

Question 71

Computers and communication systems use _____ to represent information between computers and network systems.

A) source codes
B) nanotubes
C) data codes
D) servers

Question 72

Second-generation computers used _____.

A) vacuum tube technology
B) transistors
C) integrated circuits
D) laser technology

Question 73

A(n) _____ is a common output device for soft copy.

A) liquid crystal display
B) floppy disk
C) laser printer
D) electrostatic plotter

Question 74

The__________is the heart of a computer.

A) main memory
B) basic input/output system
C) central processing unit (CPU)
D) serial port
E) Select

Question 75

A _____ is a link between devices connected to a computer.

A) motherboard
B) control unit
C) disk drive
D) bus

Question 76

Identify an advantage of a mouse over a trackball.

A) A mouse processes more information than a trackball.
B) A mouse is more precise in positioning the pointer than a trackball.
C) A mouse occupies less space than a trackball.
D) A mouse is stationary, whereas a trackball has to be moved around.

Question 77

An American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) file defines up to _____ characters.

A) 64
B) 128
C) 256
D) 1024

Question 78

_____ is used for drafting and has replaced traditional tools, such as T-squares, triangles, paper, and pencils.

A) Graphics software
B) Project management software
C) Computer-aided design software
D) Presentation software

Question 79

Which of the following is true of the supervisor program of an operating system (OS)?

A) It controls compilers in the OS.
B) It prioritizes tasks performed by the CPU.
C) It transfers data among other parts of the computer system.
D) It generates checksums to verify that data is not corrupted.