Deck 7: Diseases and Conditions of the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

A tick-carried bacterium causes _____, which is characterized by symptoms of arthritis, malaise, myalgia, and neurologic and cardiovascular signs.

A) ankylosing spondylitis
B) Lyme disease
C) systemic lupus erythematosus
D) kyphosis

Answer 1

B
Ticks that bite the skin spread Lyme disease by injecting the bacterium from their guts into the human body when securing a blood meal.

Question 2

The onset of a stiff and painful shoulder after injury or a period of disuse is typical of

A) a compression injury of the shoulder.
B) a shoulder avulsion.
C) bursitis.
D) adhesive capsulitis ("frozen shoulder").

Answer 2

D
Adhesive capsulitis is a condition in which a shoulder is significantly limited in its range of motion (ROM) as a result of inflammation, scarring, thickening, and shrinkage of the capsule that surrounds the normal shoulder joint. With time the pain subsides, but the mobility of the shoulder often remains permanently impaired, or frozen.

Question 3

_____ is an injury that is the result of overuse, overstretching, or forcible stretching of a muscle beyond its functional capacity. It sometimes involves a tendon or ligament.

A) Avulsion
B) Sprain
C) Shin splints
D) Strain

Answer 3

D
A strain is an injured tendon, muscle, or other tissue resulting from overuse, overstretching, or excessive forcible stretching of the tissue beyond its functional capacity.

Question 4

A lateral curvature of the spine is known as

A) kyphosis.
B) lordosis.
C) lumbago.
D) scoliosis.

Question 5

A progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal muscles is known as

A) muscular dystrophy (MD).
B) multiple sclerosis.
C) myasthenia gravis.
D) none of the above.

Question 6

Chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease of bones and joints caused by degenerative changes in the cartilage is called

A) chondromalacia.
B) osteochondroma.
C) osteoarthritis.
D) rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Question 7

Which of the following statement(s) about fibromyalgia is/are true?

A) It is a painful debilitating syndrome that causes chronic pain in muscles and soft tissues surrounding joints.
B) The cause is unknown.
C) Diagnosis includes pain at specific tender points.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 8

A bone that is normally in contact with a joint but becomes separated from that joint causing loss of joint function is a

A) fracture.
B) separation.
C) dislocation.
D) dorsiflexion.

Question 9

Wasting away or deterioration of muscle is called

A) hypertrophy.
B) ankylosis.
C) atrophy.
D) myositis.

Question 10

_____ is an injury to the shoulder muscles and is usually the result of acute trauma or degenerative changes. It leaves the individual unable to abduct his or her arm.

A) A strain
B) A frozen shoulder
C) A torn rotator cuff
D) Bursitis

Question 11

_____ is a surgical procedure necessary because of peripheral vascular disease and consequent gangrene. Trauma, malignancy, or congenital defects are additional reasons.

A) Amputation
B) Arthroscopy
C) Fasciectomy
D) None of the above

Question 12

An unpleasant sensation or complication that sometimes follows the removal of an appendage is called

A) fibrositosis.
B) myositosis.
C) phantom limb.
D) sciatica.

Question 13

Inflammation of the joints caused by excessive uric acid levels in the blood and joints is

A) myositis.
B) bursitis.
C) fibrositis.
D) gouty arthritis.

Question 14

Which statement is true about osteomalacia?

A) Osteomalacia can be caused by too much sunlight.
B) Osteomalacia is called rickets in children and can impact the growing skeleton.
C) The treatment involves taking vitamin B.
D) None of the above is true.

Question 15

_____ is/are a tendon injury that produces immediate, severe pain, inflammation, and immobility of the affected part.

A) Tendonitis
B) A fracture
C) A severed tendon
D) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is true about bursitis?

A) Bursitis is curable.
B) Bursitis usually involves the joint.
C) The prognosis for bursitis is guarded with treatment.
D) The patient is advised to apply heat to bursitis.

Question 17

An infection in a bone, which can lead to an abscess formation and sequestrum if not properly cared for, is called

A) osteomyelitis.
B) rickets.
C) osteochondroma.
D) osteitis.

Question 18

An inflammatory response at the heel bone, which is a common problem in individuals active in sports and especially in runners, is

A) hallux valgus.
B) plantar fasciitis.
C) spur.
D) both b and c.

Question 19

The name of the injury involving the semilunar cartilages in the knee is

A) rotator cuff tear.
B) torn meniscus.
C) sciatic injury.
D) compression injury.

Question 20

A vitamin D deficiency can cause the abnormal metabolic bone disease called

A) osteoporosis.
B) osteogenesis imperfecta.
C) osteomalacia.
D) osteoclasis.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is/are true about osteoporosis?

A) Osteoporosis rarely causes permanent disability.
B) Osteoporosis is a silent disease until a bone breaks to cause pain.
C) No specific diagnostic data are available to confirm osteoporosis.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 22

Tumors in muscles are very common.

Question 23

The majority of joints are of the slightly movable type.

Question 24

The complete skeleton is formed by the end of the third month of gestation.

Question 25

When it is necessary for a patient with osteoarthritis to use a cane to lessen the strain on a joint, always examine cane tips to be certain that they are not dangerously worn.

Question 26

The major supporting element or "glue" in the connective tissue is

A) ligaments.
B) cartilage.
C) collagen.
D) tendons.

Question 27

The skeletal system is composed of 306 bones.

Question 28

Inflammation of the bursae is called polymyositis.

Question 29

A strained muscle is more serious than a sprained muscle.

Question 30

Tough, dense, fibrous bands of connective tissue that hold bones together are called

A) ligaments.
B) cartilage.
C) collagen.
D) tendons.

Question 31

A bunion is also called hallux valgus.

Question 32

Osteoporosis occurs more often in men in a 4:1 ratio.

Question 33

A bone tumor weakens the bone and makes it more susceptible to fracture when subjected to the slightest strain. This is called

A) a simple fracture.
B) a pathologic fracture.
C) both of the above.
D) none of the above.

Question 34

Overuse and overpronation are the most common factors that predispose an individual to shin splints.

Question 35

A patient reporting bone pain, with or without local swelling, and systemic symptoms

A) requires a timely medical evaluation.
B) needs the earliest appointment available.
C) neither of the above.
D) both a and b.

Question 36

Risk factors for primary bone tumors include

A) prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy (RT).
B) a history of Paget's disease.
C) both of the above.
D) none of the above.

Question 37

A strong, tough strand or cord of dense connective tissue that serves as attachment for muscle to bone is

A) a ligament.
B) cartilage.
C) collagen.
D) a tendon.

Question 38

Muscles are classified as either voluntary or involuntary.

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true about Lyme disease?

A) It is curable with early treatment.
B) Vaccine for Lyme disease is readily available.
C) Lyme disease only exists in the northeast part of the United States.
D) None of the above is true.

Question 40

A degenerative disorder of the metatarsal-phalangeal joint of the great toe is called

A) hammertoe.
B) hallux valgus.
C) hallux rigidus.
D) polymyositis.

Question 41

Fractures, or broken bones, are classified by the nature of the fracture, which is the result of the mechanism of injury.