Deck 32: Neural Control

Question 1

Cephalizationrefersto____.

A) ​atypeofsymmetry
B) ​neuronsconcentratedattheposteriorendofananimal
C) ​anetofneuralcells
D) ​neuronsdispersedthroughoutthebody
E) ​neuronsconcentratedattheanteriorendofananimal

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Whathappensfirstfollowinganeuronalstimulation?

A) ​Sodiumionsenterthecell.
B) ​Sodiumionsleavethecell.
C) ​Potassiumionsenterthecell.
D) ​Potassiumionsleavethecell.
E) ​Potassiumionsareinvolvedinpositivefeedback.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Intermsoftheevolutionofnervoussystems,whicheventstendtooccurinconcertwithoneanother?

A) ​brains;radialsymmetry
B) ​planaria;radialsymmetry
C) ​nervenet;bilateralsymmetry
D) ​cephalization;bilateralsymmetry
E) ​cephalization;radialsymmetry

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Theneurotransmitteracetylcholine____.

A) ​speedsheartrate
B) ​inducesskeletalmusclecontraction
C) ​increasesanxiety
D) ​hasaroleinmemoryandlearning
E) ​dilatespupils

Question 5

Whichneurotransmittergovernstheassociateddiseaseordisorder?

A) ​serotonin-stress
B) ​glutamate-Huntington'sdisease
C) ​dopamine-Huntington'sdisease
D) ​GABA-Parkinson'sdisease
E) ​epinephrine-Parkinson'sdisease

Question 6

Whichofthefollowingsequencesofinformationflowiscorrect?​

A) ​receptors→sensoryneurons→motorneurons→interneurons
B) ​sensoryneurons→receptors→motorneurons​
C) ​motorneurons→integrators→sensoryneurons
D) ​receptors→motorneurons→interneurons→sensoryneurons
E) ​sensoryneurons→interneurons→motorneurons

Question 7

Anactionpotentialcanbestbedescribedasa_____.

A) ​triggerzone
B) ​kineticactivity
C) ​briefreversalinthepolarityoftheelectricgradient
Acrosstheplasmamembrane
D) ​peakofenergythatdoesnotresolvetoitsformerstate
E) ​briefincreaseinthepolarityoftheelectricgradient
Acrosstheplasmamembrane

Question 8

Whatbridgesthegapbetweenaneuronsendingamessageandtheneuronreceivingit?

A) ​thresholdvalue
B) ​actionpotential
C) ​neurotransmitter
D) ​cytoplasm
E) ​dopamine

Question 9

Whichistrueofinterneurons?

A) ​Theydetectstimuli.
B) ​Theyreceiveandsendsignals.
C) ​Theycontrolmuscles.
D) ​Theycontrolglands.
E) ​Theyhavealongaxon.

Question 10

Theaccompanyingfigurebestrepresentswhathappensata(n)____.

A) ​neuromuscularjunction
B) ​musclefiber
C) ​postsynapticterminal
D) ​neuronalmembrane
E) ​negativefeedbackloop

Question 11

Therestingpotentialacrossatypicalneuronmembraneisapproximately____insiderelativetooutside.

A) ​-70microvolts
B) ​-70millivolts
C) ​-70volts
D) ​+70millivolts
E) ​+70megavolts

Question 12

Synapticintegrationmeansthat____.

A) ​positiveorexcitatorystimuliproduceanexcitatorypostsynapticpotential
B) ​thepositiveandnegativeionsneutralizeeachother
C) ​excitatoryandinhibitorysignalsaresummedinareceivingneuron
D) theadjacentneuronsinteractsothatexcitatoryandinhibitorystimulicanceleachotherout
E) ​excitatorysignalstakeprecedenceoverinhibitorysignals

Question 13

Retiredfootballplayersare_____timesmorelikelytodieofneurodegenerativebraindamagethanthegeneralpublic.

A) three
B) four
C) ​five
D) ​six
E) ​ten

Question 14

Actionpotentialsarepropagatedalonga(n)____.

A) ​sodiumchannel
B) ​axonintwodirections
C) ​gatedchannel
D) ​axon in one direction
E) ​dendrite

Question 15

Theneurontransportproteinsthatmaintaintherestingmembranepotentialandrestoreiongradientsfollowinganactionpotentialare____.

A) ​sodium-phosphoruspassivetransporters
B) ​sodium-potassiumpumps
C) ​sodium-chlorinegatedchannels
D) ​phosphorus-calciumpumps
E) ​phosphorus-chlorinegatedchannels

Question 16

Theperipheralnervoussystemis composed of the____.

A) ​brainandspinalcord
B) ​brainandsomaticnerves
C) ​spinalcordandsomaticnerves
D) ​spinalnervesandcranialnerves
E) ​spinalcordandspinalnerves

Question 17

Withinasinglemotorneuron,whatdirectiondoesanimpulsefollow?

A) ​dendrite→axon→cellbody
B) ​axon→dendrite→cellbody
C) ​dendrite→cellbody→axon
D) ​cellbody→dendrite→axon
E) ​cellbody→axon→dendrite

Question 18

Anexcitatorypostsynapticpotential____.

A) ​iscancelledoutbyaninhibitorypostsynapticpotential
B) ​hasahyperpolarizingeffect
C) ​willdrivethemembraneawayfromitspotential
D) ​issummedwithaninhibitorypostsynapticpotentialattheinputzoneofaneuron
E) ​workssothatonlyoneimpulsecanbereceivedatatime

Question 19

Thetransporterindicatedbytheletter"A"intheabovefigurerepresentsa(n)____.

A) ​activeBrtransporter
B) ​sodium-potassium cotransporter
C) ​passivepotassiumtransporter
D) ​calcium-phosphorustransporter
E) ​sodium-calciumtransporter

Question 20

Thetwomajordivisionsofthevertebratenervoussystemarethe____.

A) ​autonomicandperipheralsystems
B) ​sympatheticandparasympatheticsystems
C) ​cranialandspinalnerves
D) ​centralandperipheralnervoussystems
E) ​brainandspinalcord

Question 21

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
neuron membrane potential at which gated sodium channels open

Question 22

The fluid that covers the brain and spinal cord is ____.

A) ​part of the meninges
B) ​part of a rapid type of nerve conduction
C) ​involved in reflex actions
D) ​involved in the "jumping" of impulses
E) ​called cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

The parietal lobe is responsible for ____.

A) ​vision
B) ​sensory input
C) ​hearing
D) ​generating a motor response
E) ​inhibiting unsuitable behaviors

Question 24

What is the best description of a nerve?​

A) ​A bundle of sensory, motor, or both types of nerve fibers outside the central nervous system
B) ​A single extension of a neuron
C) ​The same as a neuron but found only within the central nervous system
D) ​A collection of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system
E) ​A set of sensory cells only found in the autonomic nervous system

Question 25

Which specific autoimmune disease involves neuroglial cells?​

A) ​cerebral palsy
B) ​rheumatoid arthritis
C) ​Grave's disease
D) ​multiple sclerosis
E) ​lupus

Question 26

Use the figure above showing a reflex arc to answer the following two questions.
A region where neurotransmitter molecules stimulate a neuron is indicated by the letter _____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) C and D

Question 27

Use the figure above showing a reflex arc to answer the following two questions.
A reflex pathway is the simplest pathway because it _____.

A) ​involves only one synapse
B) ​is evaluated and integrated by the medulla, not the cerebrum
C) ​does not involve conscious thought or learning
D) ​does not involve the central nervous system in any way
E) ​involves only one neurotransmitter

Question 28

Whichofthefollowingismismatched?

A) ​acetylcholine;musclecontraction
B) ​endorphin;painperception
C) ​norepinephrine;fight-or-flightresponse
D) ​serotonin;sexualfunction
E) ​GABA;majorinhibitorinthebrain

Question 29

Endorphinsare____.

A) ​neuromodulatorsonly
B) ​stimulatorsofbrainandnervousactivityonly
C) ​inhibitorsofpainperceptiononly
D) ​neuromodulatorsandstimulatorsofbrainandnervousactivity
E) ​neuromodulatorsandinhibitorsofpainperception

Question 30

Which of the following is used during the fight-or-flight response?

A) ​sympathetic nervous system
B) ​parasympathetic nervous system
C) ​norepinephrine
D) ​sympathetic nervous system and norepinephrine
E) ​parasympathetic nervous system and norepinephrine

Question 31

The interaction of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is best described as _____.

A) ​antagonistic
B) ​cooperative
C) ​overriding
D) ​synergistic
E) ​ineffective

Question 32

Learning new motor skills takes place when one consciously repeats an activity many times and mostly involves the _____.

A) ​hippocampus
B) ​amygdala
C) ​hypothalamus
D) ​corpus striatum
E) ​cerebellum

Question 33

Use the figure above showing a reflex arc to answer the following two questions.
Stretch-sensitive muscle spindles are indicated by the letter _____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) ​C and D

Question 34

The main center for homeostatic control of the internal environment is the ____.

A) ​pons
B) ​medulla oblongata
C) ​hypothalamus
D) ​thalamus
E) ​cerebellum

Question 35

The part of the brain that controls the basic responses necessary to maintain life (such as breathing and heartbeat) is the ____.

A) ​medulla oblongata
B) ​corpus callosum
C) ​pineal gland
D) ​cerebellum
E) ​cerebral cortex

Question 36

The center for control of motor skills and posture is the ____.

A) ​cerebrum
B) ​medulla oblongata
C) ​cerebellum
D) ​brain stem
E) ​hypothalamus

Question 37

Which pairing of nerves and functions is part of the peripheral nervous system?​

A) ​somatic nerves; flight-fight response
B) ​autonomic nerves; control skeletal muscle
C) ​autonomic nerves; control internal organs
D) ​parasympathetic neurons; prepare body for danger
E) ​sympathetic neurons; housekeeping tasks in the body

Question 38

Themajordivisionsoftheperipheralnervoussystemarethe____.

A) ​somaticandautonomicsystems
B) ​sympatheticandparasympatheticsystems
C) ​peripheralandcentralsystems
D) ​afferentandautonomicsystems
E) ​cranialandskeletalnerves

Question 39

What happens when an action potential arrives at an axon terminal?​

A) ​Membrane voltages stimulate the axon.
B) ​The action potential starts a chain reaction.
C) ​A neurotransmitter builds up so it can be used again.
D) ​The action potential causes an influx of phosphorous ions.
E) ​Chemicals relay the message at a synapse.

Question 40

Nerve impulses coming into the spinal cord enter via ____.

A) ​intervertebral disks
B) ​neuroglia
C) ​the dorsal roots
D) ​Broca's area
E) ​ventral roots

Question 41

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
a response intensifies the conditions that caused its occurrence

Question 42

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
brief reversal of the voltage difference across a cell membrane

Question 43

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
neurotransmitter molecule

Question 44

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
both receives and sends signals

Question 45

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
sodium-potassium pump

Question 46

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
neuroglia

Question 47

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
corpus callosum

Question 48

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
receptor

Question 49

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
controls muscles and glands

Question 50

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
voltage difference across a cell membrane

Question 51

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
ganglion​

Question 52

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
muscle spindle

Question 53

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
frontal lobe

Question 54

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
autonomic nervous system​

Question 55

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
peripheral nervous system​

Question 56

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
ganglion

Question 57

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
detects a stimulus​

Question 58

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
voltage difference across a cell membrane that is not receiving stimulation

Question 59

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
a.cells that nurture and support neurons
b.sensory neuron
c.interneuron
d.acetylcholine or GABA
e.motor neuron
f.a type of active transporter
g.sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h.membrane potential
i.resting membrane potential
j.modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k.action potential
l.positive feedback
m.threshold potential
n.produced by a Schwann cell
o.cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
myelin sheath

Question 60

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
cerebellum

Question 61

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
meninges

Question 62

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
neurotransmitter molecule

Question 63

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​
a.​parasympathetic
b.​sympathetic
decreases heart rate

Question 64

Respond to the following items in reference to the four cell types listed below.​
a.​sensory neurons
b.​interneurons
c.​motor neurons
d.​Schwann cells
cells that pick up environmental signals

Question 65

Respond to the following items in reference to the four cell types listed below.​
a.​sensory neurons
b.​interneurons
c.​motor neurons
d.​Schwann cells
cells that form myelin

Question 66

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
nerve net

Question 67

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
midbrain

Question 68

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
medulla oblongata

Question 69

Respond to the following items in reference to the four cell types listed below.​
a.​sensory neurons
b.​interneurons
c.​motor neurons
d.​Schwann cells
neuroglia cell type

Question 70

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​
a.​cerebrum
b.​hypothalamus
c.​pons
d.​cerebellum
e.​medulla oblongata
This region functions in homeostasis.

Question 71

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​
a.​parasympathetic
b.​sympathetic
slows digestion

Question 72

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
white matter​

Question 73

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
hypothalamus

Question 74

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​
a.​cerebrum
b.​hypothalamus
c.​pons
d.​cerebellum
e.​medulla oblongata
This region connects the spinal cord to the midbrain.

Question 75

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​
a.​parasympathetic
b.​sympathetic
inhibits urination

Question 76

Respond to the following items in reference to the four cell types listed below.​
a.​sensory neurons
b.​interneurons
c.​motor neurons
d.​Schwann cells
cells that are restricted to the brain and spinal cord

Question 77

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
limbic system

Question 78

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
a.​integrates body position, motions, balance
b.​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c.​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d.​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e.​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f.​acetylcholine is an example
g.​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h.​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i.​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
j.​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k.​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
l.​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
m.​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n.​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o.​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance
thalamus

Question 79

Respond to the following items in reference to the four cell types listed below.​
a.​sensory neurons
b.​interneurons
c.​motor neurons
d.​Schwann cells
cells that carry signals to muscle cells

Question 80

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​
a.​parasympathetic
b.​sympathetic
decreases adrenal gland secretions