Question 1

Fructose and glucose are both ____.&#10;A) &#8203;six-carbon sugars&#10;B) disaccharides&#10;C) monosaccharides&#10;D) disaccharides and six-carbon sugars&#10;E) monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars

Accepted Answer

Fructose and glucose are both monosaccharides, meaning they are simple sugars, and they each contain six carbon atoms, making them six-carbon sugars as well.

Question 2

Fats are major constituents of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;proteins&#10;B) genes&#10;C) photosynthesis&#10;D) cell membranes&#10;E) nucleic acids

Accepted Answer

Fats, also known as lipids, are major constituents of cell membranes. They form the phospholipid bilayer that surrounds and protects the cell, and also play a role in cellular signaling and transport. Fats are not major constituents of proteins, genes, photosynthesis, or nucleic acids.

Question 3

An -OH group is a(n) ____ group.&#10;A) &#8203;carboxyl&#10;B) hydroxyl&#10;C) amino&#10;D) &#8203;methyl&#10;E) carbonyl

Accepted Answer

An -OH group is called a hydroxyl group.

Question 4

Hydrogenation is a chemical process that ____.&#10;A) &#8203;turns liquid oil to solid fats&#10;B) turns amino acids into proteins&#10;C) turns DNA into lipids&#10;D) creates stable alternative energy sources&#10;E) creates unstable alternative energy sources

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation is a chemical process that turns liquid oil to solid fats by adding hydrogen atoms to unsaturated fatty acids. This is commonly used in the food industry to create foods with a longer shelf life and a more desirable texture.

Question 5

Cellulose is ____.&#10;A) &#8203;a polysaccharide found in cell walls of plants&#10;B) a component of cell membranes&#10;C) an oligosaccharide found in animals&#10;D) formed by hydrolysis of monosaccharides&#10;E) a component of invertebrate exoskeletons

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is a polysaccharide that is found in the cell walls of plants. It provides structural support to the plant cell wall.

Question 6

An -NH&#8322; group is a(n) ____ group.&#10;A) &#8203;carboxyl&#10;B) hydroxyl&#10;C) amine&#10;D) methyl&#10;E) carbonyl

Accepted Answer

The -NH₂ group is an amine group, as it contains a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A carboxyl group contains a carbon atom bonded to both an oxygen and a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyl group contains an oxygen and a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom, a methyl group contains a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and a carbonyl group contains a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.

Question 7

Although carbon dioxide contains carbon, it is not considered an &#34;organic&#34; compound because ____.&#10;A) &#8203;it is not found in the earth's crust&#10;B) it is not present in living cells&#10;C) the carbon atom is not bonded to at least one hydrogen atom&#10;D) the carbons are not in chains or rings&#10;E) it is too small

Accepted Answer

An organic compound is defined as a compound that contains carbon bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. Carbon dioxide (CO2) does contain carbon, but it does not have any hydrogen atoms bonded to it. Therefore, it is not considered an organic compound.

Question 8

What kind of reaction produces small molecules by cleaving large molecules?&#10;A) &#8203;oxidation&#10;B) &#8203;reduction&#10;C) condensation&#10;D) hydrolysis&#10;E) decarboxylation

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis involves breaking down molecules by adding water, resulting in smaller molecules being produced by cleaving larger molecules.

Question 9

The sugars in DNA and RNA ____.&#10;A) &#8203;have a different number of carbon atoms&#10;B) have the same structural formulas&#10;C) are the two components of sucrose&#10;D) are monosaccharides&#10;E) are disaccharides

Accepted Answer

The sugars in DNA and RNA are monosaccharides; DNA contains deoxyribose, and RNA contains ribose. Both are five-carbon sugars, making them monosaccharides.

Question 10

Which of the following may characterize monosaccharides?&#10;A) &#8203;An amino group&#10;B) Carbon and hydrogen 1:2 ratio&#10;C) A backbone of eight carbon atoms&#10;D) One carbonyl group&#10;E) The presence of glycerol and fatty acids

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides are simple sugars which contain one carbonyl group. An amino group is characteristic of amino acids, and a backbone of eight carbon atoms is not typical for monosaccharides. A 1:2 carbon to hydrogen ratio is common in many biomolecules, including carbohydrates, but it is not specific to monosaccharides. The presence of glycerol and fatty acids is a characteristic of lipids, not monosaccharides.

Question 11

Typical fat molecules have ____ fatty acid chain(s).&#10;A) &#8203;one&#10;B) two&#10;C) three&#10;D) four&#10;E) five

Accepted Answer

The answer of Typical fat molecules have ____ fatty acid...

Question 12

A hydrolysis reaction results in ____.&#10;A) &#8203;bond formation of a macromolecule&#10;B) bond breakage of a macromolecule&#10;C) lipid molecule creation&#10;D) nucleic acids creation&#10;E) &#8203;most macromolecules

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hydrolysis reaction results in ____.&#10;A) &#8203;bond...

Question 13

Polysaccharides ____.&#10;A) &#8203;are composed of three linked monosaccharides&#10;B) contain only straight monomer chains&#10;C) are always made of glucose molecules&#10;D) may be insoluble and difficult to break down&#10;E) are formed by cleavage reactions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polysaccharides ____.&#10;A) &#8203;are composed of three linked...

Question 14

A single atom of carbon may form up to ____ covalent bonds with other atoms.&#10;A) &#8203;two&#10;B) three&#10;C) four&#10;D) five&#10;E) six

Accepted Answer

The answer of A single atom of carbon may form...

Question 15

Sucrose is composed of____.&#10;A) &#8203;two molecules of fructose&#10;B) two molecules of glucose&#10;C) a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose&#10;D) &#8203;a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose&#10;E) a monosaccharide and a disaccharide

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sucrose is composed of____.&#10;A) &#8203;two molecules of...

Question 16

Which feature is characteristic of all polysaccharides?&#10;A) &#8203;energy usage&#10;B) always branched chains&#10;C) fructose subunits&#10;D) only consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms&#10;E) produced by condensation reactions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which feature is characteristic of all polysaccharides?&#10;A)...

Question 17

&#10;The figure above illustrates a ____ reaction that produces one ____ and a ____.&#10;A) condensation; hydroxyl; polymer&#10;B) condensation; water molecule; polymer&#10;C) cleavage; water molecule; monomer&#10;D) rearrangement; water molecule; polymer&#10;E) rearrangement; hydrogen ion; polymer

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;The figure above illustrates a ____...

Question 18

Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by ____.&#10;A) &#8203;animals&#10;B) plants&#10;C) protists&#10;D) bacteria&#10;E) archaea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy...

Question 19

Glucose and fructose ____.&#10;A) &#8203;form rings with the same number of carbon atoms&#10;B) have two oxygen atoms as part of their ring structure&#10;C) have identical functional groups&#10;D) contain the same number of hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups&#10;E) form the same polysaccharide molecule

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucose and fructose ____.&#10;A) &#8203;form rings with...

Question 20

Oligosaccharides include ____.&#10;A) sucrose only&#10;B) glucose only&#10;C) fructose only&#10;D) lactose only&#10;E) both sucrose and lactose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oligosaccharides include ____.&#10;A) sucrose only&#10;B) glucose only&#10;C)...

Question 21

Which lipid type does not have fatty acid tails?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;phospholipids&#10;B) &#8203;polysaccharides&#10;C) &#8203;unsaturated fats&#10;D) &#8203;steroids&#10;E) saturated fats&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which lipid type does not have fatty...

Question 22

A helix is one possible ____ structure of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;primary; proteins&#10;B) &#8203;primary; carbohydrates&#10;C) &#8203;primary; lipids&#10;D) &#8203;secondary; proteins&#10;E) tertiary; proteins&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A helix is one possible ____ structure...

Question 23

Triglycerides are ____.&#10;A) &#8203;carbohydrates&#10;B) &#8203;nucleotides&#10;C) &#8203;proteins&#10;D) &#8203;neutral fats&#10;E) amino acids&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Triglycerides are ____.&#10;A) &#8203;carbohydrates&#10;B) &#8203;nucleotides&#10;C) &#8203;proteins&#10;D) &#8203;neutral...

Question 24

Lipids ____.&#10;A) &#8203;yield less energy per gram than do carbohydrates&#10;B) &#8203;include cartilage and chitin&#10;C) &#8203;include fats consisting of three fatty-acid molecules and one glycerol molecule&#10;D) &#8203;are composed of monosaccharides&#10;E) are only found in animals&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lipids ____.&#10;A) &#8203;yield less energy per gram...

Question 25

&#10;In the figure above, the honeycomb on which the bee is standing is made up primarily of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;carbohydrates&#10;B) &#8203;nucleotides&#10;C) &#8203;proteins&#10;D) &#8203;lipids&#10;E) amino acids&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;In the figure above, the honeycomb...

Question 26

Cholesterol ____.&#10;A) &#8203;has a rigid backbone of four nitrogen rings&#10;B) is the most common steroid in animal tissue&#8203;&#10;C) is a lipid with a fatty-acid component&#8203;&#10;D) &#8203;is needed to inhibit sexual development and maturity&#10;E) is needed to lubricate feathers&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cholesterol ____.&#10;A) &#8203;has a rigid backbone of...

Question 27

&#10;What are the arrows pointing to in the accompanying figure?&#10;A) &#8203;double ionic bonds&#10;B) &#8203;single ionic bonds&#10;C) &#8203;double covalent bonds&#10;D) &#8203;single covalent bonds&#10;E) &#8203;hydrogen bonds

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;What are the arrows pointing to...

Question 28

Polyunsaturated fats ____.&#10;A) &#8203;have fewer hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats&#10;B) &#8203;are more characteristic of animal fats than plant fats&#10;C) &#8203;have no double bonds&#10;D) &#8203;are solid at room temperature&#10;E) are gas at room temperature&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polyunsaturated fats ____.&#10;A) &#8203;have fewer hydrogen atoms...

Question 29

&#10;What type of sugar is shown in the figure above?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;deoxyribose&#10;B) &#8203;ribose&#10;C) &#8203;phosphate&#10;D) &#8203;nitrogenous&#10;E) adenine&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;What type of sugar is shown...

Question 30

What may be a result of the denaturation of proteins?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;formation of hydrogen bonds&#10;B) &#8203;loss of three-dimensional structure&#10;C) &#8203;removal of R groups from amino acids&#10;D) &#8203;no change in enzyme activity&#10;E) formation of covalent bonds&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What may be a result of the...

Question 31

&#10;The figure above illustrates a(n) ____.&#10;A) &#8203;guanine nucleotide&#10;B) &#8203;cytosine nucleotide&#10;C) &#8203;thymine nucleotide&#10;D) &#8203;adenine nucleotide&#10;E) uracil nucleotide&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;The figure above illustrates a(n) ____.&#10;A)...

Question 32

&#10;What type of molecule is shown in the accompanying figure?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;saturated fatty acid&#10;B) &#8203;unsaturated fatty acid&#10;C) &#8203;triglyceride&#10;D) &#8203;wax&#10;E) steroid&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of  &#10;What type of molecule is shown...

Question 33

The interaction of two or more polypeptide chains in a hemoglobin molecule is its ____ structure.&#10;A) &#8203;primary&#10;B) &#8203;secondary&#10;C) &#8203;tertiary&#10;D) &#8203;quaternary&#10;E) combined&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The interaction of two or more polypeptide...

Question 34

Steroids ____.&#10;A) &#8203;have no fatty-acid component&#10;B) &#8203;consist of three rings&#10;C) &#8203;have the same type of functional groups attached to them&#10;D) &#8203;are a specialized type of wax&#10;E) are a specialized type of phospholipid&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Steroids ____.&#10;A) &#8203;have no fatty-acid component&#10;B) &#8203;consist...

Question 35

Which type of lipid is composed of long-chain fatty acids attached to long-chain alcohols?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;triglycerides&#10;B) &#8203;phospholipids&#10;C) &#8203;sterols&#10;D) &#8203;waxes&#10;E) &#8203;most neutral fats

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of lipid is composed of...

Question 36

The order of amino acids is the ____ structure of proteins.&#10;A) &#8203;primary&#10;B) &#8203;secondary&#10;C) &#8203;tertiary&#10;D) &#8203;quaternary&#10;E) stereo&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The order of amino acids is the...

Question 37

All steroids have ____.&#10;A) &#8203;the same number of double bonds&#10;B) &#8203;one or more fatty acids&#10;C) &#8203;four rings of carbon to which other atoms are attached&#10;D) &#8203;the same functional groups&#10;E) the same number and positions of double bonds&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of All steroids have ____.&#10;A) &#8203;the same number...

Question 38

Which of the following is found in every nucleotide?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;ribose&#10;B) &#8203;a single phosphate group&#10;C) &#8203;a single carbon ring&#10;D) &#8203;a double nitrogen ring&#10;E) nitrogen&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is found in...

Question 39

What kind of bonds link amino acids to form the basic sequence of a protein?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;disulfide&#10;B) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;C) &#8203;ionic&#10;D) &#8203;peptide&#10;E) noncovalent&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of What kind of bonds link amino acids...

Question 40

Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;three-carbon&#10;B) &#8203;four-carbon&#10;C) &#8203;five-carbon&#10;D) &#8203;six-carbon&#10;E) seven-carbon&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;three-carbon&#10;B)...

Question 41

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 42

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.
a.amino acid
b.glucose
c.glycerol
d.fatty acid
e.nucleotide
the basic unit of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Question 43

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 44

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.
a.amino acid
b.glucose
c.glycerol
d.fatty acid
e.nucleotide
the basic unit of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Question 45

Matching Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.a six-carbon sugar
b.found in DNA and RNA
c.principal components of cell membranes
d.affect metabolic reaction rates
glucose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching Choose the one most appropriate item...

Question 46

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 47

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 48

Which molecule is incorrectly matched with its monomer?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;fat; fatty acid&#10;B) &#8203;starch; ribose&#10;C) &#8203;protein; amino acid&#10;D) &#8203;glycogen; glucose&#10;E) nucleic acids; nucleotide&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which molecule is incorrectly matched with its...

Question 49

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 50

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 51

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 52

Matching Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.a six-carbon sugar
b.found in DNA and RNA
c.principal components of cell membranes
d.affect metabolic reaction rates
glucose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching Choose the one most appropriate item...

Question 53

Matching Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.a six-carbon sugar
b.found in DNA and RNA
c.principal components of cell membranes
d.affect metabolic reaction rates
glucose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching Choose the one most appropriate item...

Question 54

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 55

Matching Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.a.a six-carbon sugar
b.found in DNA and RNA
c.principal components of cell membranes
d.affect metabolic reaction rates
glucose

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching Choose the one most appropriate item...

Question 56

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.
a.amino acid
b.glucose
c.glycerol
d.fatty acid
e.nucleotide
the basic unit of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Question 57

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 58

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 59

Classification. The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active molecule. Answer the questions by
matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a.-COOH
b.-CH₃
c.-NH₂
d.-OH
e.

f.-PO43-
g.-CHO
The group on the carboxyl-terminal end of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are chemical functional groups...

Question 60

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.
a.amino acid
b.glucose
c.glycerol
d.fatty acid
e.nucleotide
the basic unit of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Question 61

Match the molecules below with their functions&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;glycogen&#10;b.&#8203;cellulose&#10;c.&#8203;starch&#10;d.&#8203;phospholipid&#10;e.&#8203;wax&#10;f.&#8203;steroid&#10;g.&#8203;cholesterol&#10;h.&#8203;DNA&#10;i.&#8203;RNA&#10;contains information to build a new cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the molecules below with their functions&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;glycogen&#10;b.&#8203;cellulose&#10;c.&#8203;starch&#10;d.&#8203;phospholipid&#10;e.&#8203;wax&#10;f.&#8203;steroid&#10;g.&#8203;cholesterol&#10;h.&#8203;DNA&#10;i.&#8203;RNA&#10;contains...

Question 62

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;amino acid&#10;b.&#8203;glucose&#10;c.&#8203;glycerol&#10;d.&#8203;fatty acid&#10;e.&#8203;nucleotide&#10;Which two units combine in various ways to form lipids?&#10;A) a and b&#10;B) a and c&#10;C) b and c&#10;D) b and d&#10;E) c and d

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Question 63

Choose the monomer with its polymer.&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;glucose&#10;b.&#8203;nucleotide&#10;c.&#8203;fatty acid&#10;d.&#8203;amino acid&#10;hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the monomer with its polymer.&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;glucose&#10;b.&#8203;nucleotide&#10;c.&#8203;fatty acid&#10;d.&#8203;amino...

Question 64

Classification. The following are basic building blocks of biopolymers. Match the building blocks with the statements below.
a.amino acid
b.glucose
c.glycerol
d.fatty acid
e.nucleotide
the basic unit of proteins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are basic building blocks...

Deck 3: Molecules of Life