Deck 37: Neurosurgery of the Brain and Peripheral Nerves

Question 1

Which is a reason for performing a thalamotomy?

A)To increase vision
B)To control hyperthermia
C)To relieve seizure activity
D)To repair a neural defect

Answer 1

C
A thalamotomy destroys a portion of the thalamus to relieve pain,epileptic seizures,involuntary tremors,rigidity of muscles,and emotional disturbances.

Question 2

Which monitoring device can help control cerebral edema?

A)Blood pressure cuff
B)Mass spectrometry
C)Ultrasound
D)Intraarterial catheter

Answer 2

D
Cerebral edema (brain swelling)must be controlled before,during,and after surgery.An intraarterial catheter is often inserted for continuous direct arterial blood pressure monitoring and for drawing blood samples.

Question 3

What condition causes erratic electrical rhythms in the brain?

A)Falx cerebri
B)Epilepsy
C)Neoplasms
D)Anxiety

Answer 3

B
Epilepsy is the erratic electrical rhythms in the brain that can cause disabling behaviors.It most commonly causes convulsive seizures.

Question 4

What procedure is performed to suture a divided nerve?

A)Neurolysis
B)Neurectomy
C)Neurexeresis
D)Neurorrhaphy

Question 5

Which is a layer of the meninges?

A)Cerebral mater
B)Frontal mater
C)Dura mater
D)Temporal mater

Question 6

Which part of the brain is composed of gray matter?

A)Brainstem
B)Inner tissue
C)Outer cerebral cortex
D)Circle of Willis

Question 7

What piece of personal property is removed from a patient before cranial surgery?

A)Rings
B)Contact lenses
C)Hearing aide
D)Hair

Question 8

Which is one reason cerebral revascularizations are primarily performed?

A)To close a dural defect
B)To prophylactically prevent development of a major brain attack
C)To create a fistula
D)To decompress the subdura

Question 9

What type of diagnostic is used with three-dimensional brain mapping?

A)MRI
B)CT
C)Digital holography
D)PET

Question 10

Which procedure relieves the pain of trigeminal neuralgia,or tic douloureux?

A)A stereotaxy procedure
B)A radiofrequency retrogasserian rhizotomy
C)Stereotactic depth reimplantation
D)Thalamotomy

Question 11

Which statement is true regarding intracranial pressure (ICP)?

A)Increased ICP allows increased cerebral cortex perfusion.
B)A normal adult ICP reading is from 5 to 8 mm Hg.
C)Manual blood pressure readings determine accurate ICP readings.
D)A ventricular catheter is the most accurate method of monitoring ICP.

Question 12

What type of headrest is used to stabilize the patient's head during cranial procedures?

A)May stand
B)Mayfield
C)Horseshoe
D)Wilson

Question 13

Areas of bone in the skull can be replaced with which of the following materials?

A)Silastic sponge
B)Tissue sling
C)Prolene mesh
D)Sterile polymethyl methacrylate

Question 14

Which is a potential risk of placing a patient in a semi-Fowler's position?

A)Hearing loss
B)Air embolism
C)Urinary retention
D)Hypercapnia

Question 15

Which is one of the most common brain tumors?

A)Basal cell sarcoma
B)Glioblastoma multiforme
C)Subdural hematoma
D)Cranioglioma

Question 16

A galea is defined as

A)a tough, highly vascular tissue over the cranium.
B)the skin layer over vessels and muscles in the brain.
C)lining of the cranium and spinal cord.
D)the circulating fluid that helps bathe the brain.

Question 17

Which is a measure taken during a craniotomy to decrease blood loss?

A)Hyperthermia
B)Lithotomy position
C)Neuroradiology
D)Controlled hypotension

Question 18

A corpus callosotomy is performed to prevent secondary generalized seizures a patient may have.

Question 19

What temporary form of hemostasis is placed along the scalp edges?

A)Gel foam
B)Silk sutures
C)Raney clips
D)Patties with epinephrine

Question 20

An opening in the skull made to expose the brain and its intracranial structures is a

A)craniorrhaphy.
B)craniopexy.
C)cranioplasty.
D)craniotomy.

Question 21

Mannitol is given to increase intracranial pressure (ICP)in patients with intracranial hemorrhage.