Deck 42: Thoracic Surgery

Question 1

Which type of pressure is necessary within the thorax to maintain normal inhalation and expiration?

A)Negative
B)Positive
C)Internal
D)Blunt

Answer 1

A
Negative,or subatmospheric,pressure is needed to avoid pressure changes that can be caused by openings in the thoracic wall.An uncontrolled opening in the thoracic wall can cause pressure change and be fatal.

Question 2

Which would be a reason for performing a bronchoscopy?

A)To obtain a biopsy specimen
B)To insert a chest tube
C)To excise a wedge resection
D)To perform a tracheotomy

Answer 2

A
Bronchoscopy (direct visualization of the tracheobronchial tree through a bronchoscope)is done for the following purposes: diagnosis (securing an uncontaminated secretion for culture,obtaining a biopsy specimen,or finding the cause of a cough or hemoptysis)or intervention (removing a foreign body,excising a small tumor,applying medication,aspirating the bronchi,or providing an airway during performance of a tracheotomy).

Question 3

Which is a reason for inserting an airway stent?

A)Alternative to endotracheal intubation
B)Palliative care for obstruction of neoplasm
C)To prevent postoperative bleeding
D)To assist with laser use in the thoracic cavity

Answer 3

B
The most common reasons for using airway stents are palliation of obstructing neoplasm,postradiation therapy,after lung transplant,and after fistula repair.

Question 4

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Bloody in the pleural space

Question 5

Which ribs have no fixation anteriorly?

A)5th, 6th, and 7th ribs
B)7th and 8th ribs
C)8th, 9th, and 10th ribs
D)11th and 12th ribs

Question 6

Which is an effective treatment for a spontaneous pneumothorax?

A)Chest radiograph
B)Radiation followed by chemotherapy
C)Pleurodesis
D)Thymectomy

Question 7

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Air in the pleural space

Question 8

A mediastinoscopy may be performed using a needle and syringe.

Question 9

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Funnel chest

Question 10

What type of bronchoscope is mainly used for foreign body removal and to find the cause of persistent bleeding?

A)Indirect
B)Rigid
C)Flexible
D)Bypass

Question 11

Which is a factor that influences the choice of incisions for thoracic surgery?

A)Patient age
B)Surgeon preference
C)Intrapleural pressure
D)Hemodynamic quality

Question 12

Where is the thymus located?

A)Middle of the esophagus
B)Hilus of the lung
C)Anterior section of the mediastinum
D)Base of the visceral pleura

Question 13

What type of tube is used to restore an airtight pleural cavity and maintain negative pressure?

A)Jackson-Pratt drain connected to a reservoir
B)Chest tube connected to a closed water-seal drainage system
C)A Penrose drain covered with sterile gauze
D)Sengstaken-Blakemore tube

Question 14

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Diaphragmatic bulging

Question 15

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Collection of pus and fluid in intrathoracic spaces

Question 16

What process,caused by a puncture of the left pleural cavity,may result in a collapsed right lung?

A)Pectus excavatum
B)Median sternotomy
C)Mediastinal shift
D)Segmental resection

Question 17

Which lung has three lobes and a straighter bronchus?

A)Left
B)Right lower
C)Left lower
D)Right

Question 18

A thymectomy is performed to relieve the symptoms of what disease?

A)Graves' disease
B)Tuberculosis
C)Bronchospasm
D)Myasthenia gravis

Question 19

Chylothorax is a complication of thoracic surgery.

Question 20

What type of device is used to prolong resuscitation after a patient is removed from cardiopulmonary bypass?

A)BCMA
B)ACLS
C)CPRS
D)ECMO

Question 21

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Compression of lung due to intrapleural pressure changes

Question 22

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Pigeon chest

Question 23

Match each condition with its definition.
a.Hemothorax
b.Pectus carinatum
c.Mediastinal shift
d.Thoracic outlet syndrome
e.Hiatal hernia
f.Pectus excavatum
g.Empyema
h.Pneumothorax
Vessel and nerve impingement at first rib