Deck 14: Surgical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Therapy

Question 1

What form of hepatitis is a major health care-associated problem transmitted by blood,saliva,semen,and other body fluids?

A)Hepatitis A
B)Hepatitis B
C)Hepatitis C
D)Hepatitis D

Answer 1

B
Hepatitis B can be harbored for up to 15 years and is found in practically all bodily fluids of infected people,except feces and urine.Its carriers are a major source of cross-infection.

Question 2

Which is an example of a helminthic disease?

A)Parasites
B)Blood-borne flukes
C)Influenza
D)Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob

Answer 2

B
Helminthic diseases include nematode diseases such as intestinal pinworms,hookworms,and trichinosis.Blood-borne flukes are a type of trematode disease.

Question 3

Which is one of the four phases of bacteria's reproduction stage?

A)Birth phase
B)Development phase
C)Log phase
D)Working phase

Answer 3

C
The log phase (exponential growth phase),is defined by the favorable condition for bacteria to multiply.The bacteria can double within minutes and proliferate into a state of disease.

Question 4

Why would a broad-spectrum antibiotic drug be given before a surgical procedure?

A)To allow development of a super-resistant bacteria
B)To cover any potential surgical contamination
C)For procedures associated with high risk of infection
D)To assess for any sensitivity or allergic reaction

Question 5

Which conditions may be indicative of a systemic infection?

A)Temp = 37.5° C, heart rate = 76
B)Temp = 38.5° C, respiratory rate = 26 to 30
C)White blood cell count = 5000, heart rate = 90
D)Temp = 36.5° C, respiratory rate = 18,

Question 6

Stomach acid provides what line of defense?

A)First
B)Second
C)Third
D)Fourth

Question 7

Which is an example of active immunity against the prevention of disease?

A)A preformed immunoglobulin
B)A vaccine or booster shot
C)Vitamin supplements
D)Protein power bar

Question 8

What is the definition of biofilm?

A)An implantable meshlike tissue that helps prevent adhesions in the peritoneum
B)A clear spray used on sterile instruments to keep infection rates low
C)A collection of microorganisms that develops on the surfaces of implanted medical devices
D)A patient-specific picture of organs or body tissues that define a disease process

Question 9

Which is the infectious process caused by exotoxins secreted by types of Staphylococcus aureus?

A)Septic shock
B)Plague
C)Toxic shock syndrome
D)Tuberculosis

Question 10

Which are two examples of diseases caused by exotoxins?

A)Tuberculosis, acute respiratory infection
B)Influenza, anthrax
C)Diphtheria, leprosy
D)Otitis media, E.coli

Question 11

Which is one example of an infection resistant to antibiotic therapy?

A)MRSA
B)Helicobacter pylori
C)Tetracycline
D)Rhinitis

Question 12

Which is an action that occurs during the viral infection stage?

A)Dormancy phase
B)Death of host cell
C)Exponential growth
D)Inflammatory response production

Question 13

Who has a higher risk of exposure to potentially harmful microorganisms?

A)Scrub person
B)Circulating nurse
C)Central processing technician
D)Fluoroscopy technician

Question 14

Which is a transmission route of viruses?

A)Vector contact
B)Insect bites
C)Skin-to-skin contact
D)Intact skin

Question 15

Which describe signs and symptoms of a localized infection?

A)Inflammation, red, painful, swelling
B)Generalized edema, lymphedema
C)Hematoma with clear exudate
D)Scaly rash with skin nodules

Question 16

Which is a type of antibiotic whose mechanism inhibits the cell wall synthesis?

A)Vancomycin
B)Sulfonamide
C)Tetracycline
D)Quinolone

Question 17

Which of the following is a common fungal infection transmission route?

A)Urine
B)Coughing
C)Fecal material
D)Spermatic fluid

Question 18

In what way can a health care-acquired infection (HAI)develop?

A)Patient not taking their medication
B)Having pain
C)It may begin at the surgical site
D)Brought in from home

Question 19

Which is not a sexually transmitted disease?

A)Gonorrhea
B)Herpes simplex
C)Shingles
D)Chlamydia

Question 20

Which is a recommendation for caring for a surgical patient with TB?

A)Use reusable anesthesia equipment as often as possible.
B)Operate on these patients as soon as possible to decrease the spread of the secretions.
C)Use respiratory isolation precautions for those patients with a positive TB sputum culture.
D)Keep these patients in an isolation room with positive pressure ventilation.

Question 21

Bacteria are transmitted only through insect bites.

Question 22

What treatment is recommended by the CDC as a onetime treatment for newborn babies?

A)Chicken pox vaccine
B)Instillation of 0.5% erythromycin into the eyes.
C)B-12 shot
D)Circumcision

Question 23

People with a compromised immune system are at risk for contracting tuberculosis (TB).

Question 24

Bacteria are very dangerous to humans.

Question 25

When is the best time to administer prophylactic antibiotics?

A)When the doctor decides the time is right
B)Whenever anesthesia has time
C)30 minutes to 1 hour before surgical incision
D)Don't need one if you aren't sick

Question 26

Resident flora aid in the synthesis of vitamins and folic acid while in the large intestine but may cause an infection if relocated to a surgical incision.