Deck 4: Personal,legal,ethical,and Organizational Issues of Information Systems

Question 1

Copyright laws do not cover online material.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A credit card company selling its customers' mailing addresses to its competitors is considered to be ethical.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Log files are small text files with unique ID tags that are embedded in a Web browser and saved on the user's hard drive.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Information in databases can now be cross-matched to create profiles of people and predict their behavior,based on their transactions with educational,financial,and governmental institutions.

Question 5

Even a small response for a spam is worthwhile return on the investment because,sending these e-mails are very inexpensive.

Question 6

Cookies can be considered an invasion of privacy.

Question 7

Information technologies have a direct effect on the nature of jobs.

Question 8

Having a clear,specific policy can help prevent legal actions users might take against an organization,as in cases of termination.

Question 9

Cookies cannot provide information about the user's location and computer equipment.

Question 10

A person making two copies of a software package he just bought and selling one of the copies to his friend is considered to be illegal as well as unethical.

Question 11

A supervisor fires a programmer who has intentionally spread viruses to the organization's network.The supervisor's behavior is both ethical and legal.

Question 12

A patent protects product names and identifying marks.

Question 13

An organization can generate revenue by licensing its patent to others.

Question 14

Information technology has eliminated more types of jobs than it has created.

Question 15

Sometimes cookies are useful or innocuous.

Question 16

Information technologies have led to "job deskilling."

Question 17

Information technologies have decreased the ease of access to information for hackers as well as for legitimate organizations.

Question 18

Private information on the Web-what is posted by a person-is not subject to censorship because of our constitutional freedom of expression.

Question 19

Spamming has created decency concerns,because these e-mails often contain explicit language or nudity and can be opened by children.

Question 20

Some "information paranoia" is valid because information about almost every aspect of people's lives is now stored on various databases.

Question 21

Dell,Microsoft,and Unisys Corporation created a partnership to design a voting system for several U.S.states.This is an example of ____.

A)cybersquatting
B)the digital divide
C)a virtual organization
D)telecommuting

Question 22

Green computation helps an organization save on energy costs.

Question 23

Replacing meetings over computer networks with actual face-to-face meetings is one of the goals of green computing.

Question 24

In the context of the important concepts regarding Web and network privacy,____ refers to issues involving both the user's and the organization's responsibilities and liabilities.

A)phishing
B)nonrepudiation
C)spoofing
D)accountability

Question 25

In the context of the important concepts regarding Web and network privacy,_____ is a method for binding all the parties to a contract.

A)phishing
B)nonrepudiation
C)cybersquatting
D)synchronous communication

Question 26

____ generated by Web server software,record a user's actions on a Web site.

A)Viruses
B)Spam mails
C)Image maps
D)Log files

Question 27

Job ____ occurs when skilled labor is eliminated by high technology or when a job is downgraded from a skilled to a semiskilled or unskilled position.

A)deskilling
B)reskilling
C)mobility
D)divide

Question 28

_____ involves the design,manufacture,use,and disposal of computers and servers in such a way that there is minimal impact on the environment.

A)Sniffing
B)Soft computing
C)Green computing
D)Cybersquatting

Question 29

Information technology and the Internet have,in essence,resulted in two societal groups: the information rich and the information poor.This is called the ____.

A)cyber divide
B)cyber squat
C)digital act
D)digital divide

Question 30

Information technologies have created job upgrading.

Question 31

Generally,____ laws protect tangible material,such as books and drawings.

A)copyright
B)patent
C)trademark
D)logo

Question 32

____ has created decency concerns,because these e-mails often contain explicit language or nudity.

A)Phishing
B)Spoofing
C)Sniffing
D)Spamming

Question 33

Amazon.com uses ____ to provide customized book recommendations based on past purchases.

A)cookies
B)spam
C)spyware
D)adware

Question 34

The ____ means you can use copyrighted material for certain purposes,such as quoting passages of a book in literary reviews.

A)Communications Decency Act
B)Fair Use Doctrine
C)Digital Millennium Act
D)ACM Code of Ethics

Question 35

You make two copies of a software package you just bought for personal use,incase the original software fails and you need a backup.This action is ____.

A)illegal and unethical
B)legal but unethical
C)illegal but ethical
D)legal and ethical

Question 36

The increasing popularity of the smartphones may result in stress-related injuries of the users' hands,arms,back,and eyes.

Question 37

A virtual organization needs central offices and organizational hierarchy for participants to contribute their expertise.

Question 38

____ is registering,selling,or using a domain name to profit from someone else's trademark.

A)Sniffing
B)Phishing
C)Cybersquatting
D)Cyberbullying

Question 39

A banker uses the information a client enters in a loan application to sell other financial products to this client.This action is _____.

A)illegal and unethical
B)ethical but illegal
C)legal but unethical
D)legal and ethical

Question 40

Clerical workers using computers for word-processing tasks is an example of job _____.

A)reskilling
B)upgrading
C)divide
D)mobility

Question 41

A ____________________ can eliminate existing cookies and prevent additional cookies from being saved on a users hard drive.

Question 42

Provide an example of how information technology has created concerns about privacy in the workplace.

Question 43

Information technology and the Internet have created a(n)____________________ between the information rich and the information poor which has implications for education.

Question 44

A(n)_________________ is an intellectual property that protects new processes.

Question 45

Unsolicited e-mail sent for advertising purposes is called ____________________.

Question 46

____________________ is a legal umbrella covering protections that involve copyrights,trademarks,trade secrets,and patents for "creation of the mind" developed by people or businesses.

Question 47

____________________ organizations are networks of independent companies,suppliers,customers,and manufacturers connected via information technologies so that they can share skills and costs and have access to each other's markets.

Question 48

A(n)____________________ protects product names and identifying marks.

Question 49

Describe the issue with laws that regulate collecting and using information.

Question 50

Economic "____________________" can occur when companies installing coaxial and fiber-optic cables for Internet connections focus on higher-income communities,where more residents are expected to use the Internet.

Question 51

In the context of concepts regarding Web and network privacy,a(n)____________________ is a set of rules specifying the legal and ethical use of a system and the consequences of noncompliance.

Question 52

What is being done to lessen consumers' reluctance to make online shopping purchases?

Question 53

The most common way to index and link databases is by using ____________________.

Question 54

With ____________________,managers can supervise employees' performance-the number of errors they make,their work speeds,and their time away from the desk.

Question 55

____________________ is computing that promotes a sustainable environment and consumes the least amount of energy.

Question 56

____________________ are small text files with a unique ID tag that are embedded in a Web browser and saved on the user's hard drive.

Question 57

____ is collecting data from Web sites,usually for competitive intelligence.

A)Web hosting
B)Data warehousing
C)Phishing
D)Web harvesting

Question 58

_____________________ ,also known as virtual work,has enabled some people to perform their jobs from home.

Question 59

Two commonly used technologies for data collection are cookies and ____________________.

Question 60

_____ prevents new adware from being installed on your computer.

A)Antispyware
B)Spam filter
C)Keylogger
D)Digital adware

Question 61

List two criteria for a successful green computing strategy.

Question 62

Some Web sites require you to enter your name,address,and employment information before you're allowed to use the site.What type of privacy issues does this raise?

Question 63

With information technologies,one skilled worker might be capable of doing the job of several workers.Provide some examples of this phenomenon.

Question 64

What are some of the moral guidelines of the Association for Computing Machinery's (ACM)code of ethics? List at least three.

Question 65

Provide examples of when public information can be censored.

Question 66

Describe ways to solve health problems related to computer equipment.

Question 67

List at least three questions or statements a knowledge worker should ask to avoid ethical issues before making a decision.

Question 68

What is an example of job deskilling?

Question 69

Define the two categories of intellectual property.

Question 70

What three important concepts help to deal with the legal and privacy issues of the Internet?

Question 71

What are the three advantages provided by patents?

Question 72

Define and describe green computing.

Question 73

What are some of the causes of health issues related to information technology?

Question 74

List at least three advantages of virtual organizations.

Question 75

What is the length of copyright and patents in the United States?

Question 76

Describe examples of steps being taken to offset the digital divide.

Question 77

Describe the privacy concern posed by ease of access to e-mail.