Deck 16: Urogenital System

Question 1

Which of the following defects is strongly associated with oligohydramnios?

A)Pelvic kidney
B)Renal agenesis
C)Horseshoe kidney
D)Crossed ectopia
E)Polycystic kidney

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The allantois directly attaches to the _____________.

A)Urinary bladder
B)Rectum
C)Anal membrane
D)Perineum
E)None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Cranial migration of a horseshoe kidney is arrested by the ______________.

A)Dorsal aorta
B)Superior mesenteric artery
C)Inferior mesonephric artery
D)Umbilical arteries
E)None of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The ureteric bud grows out from the mesonephric duct in response to the secretion of _____________ by the metanephric blastema.

A)Sonic hedgehog
B)En-1
C)Pax-6
D)Glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor
E)Müllerian-inhibiting substance

Question 5

The urachus of the bladder is derived from the _______________.

A)Urogenital sinus
B)Fused müllerian ducts
C)Cloacal plate
D)Vitelline duct
E)Allantois

Question 6

The floor of the penile urethra in the male is homologous to what structure in the female?

A)Clitoris
B)Trigone of the bladder
C)Labia majora
D)Labia minora
E)Perineum

Question 7

If a genetically male individual was incapable of synthesizing testosterone but was otherwise normal,which of the following phenotypes would you expect to see?

A)Absent pubic hair, persisting paramesonephric ducts, uterus present
B)Indifferent external genitalia, some breast development, absent testes
C)Ductus deferens absent or atrophied, uterine tubes present, no beard
D)Indifferent external genitalia, uterine tubes present, uterus present
E)Ductus deferens absent or atrophied, atrophied paramesonephric ducts, absent pubic hair

Question 8

A genetically male embryo was affected by an environmental teratogen so that the testes never formed.Which of the following would be the expected phenotype?

A)A basically female phenotype with rudimentary uterus and tubes, female external genitalia, but also possessing male sexual ducts and accessory glands
B)A basically male phenotype with rudimentary male external genitalia and male genital ducts, but also with a rudimentary uterus and tubes
C)A basically female phenotype with female external genitalia, rudimentary uterus and tubes, and lacking in male sexual ducts
D)A basically male phenotype, but with underdeveloped male external genitalia and sexual ducts and no female internal genitalia
E)A basically male phenotype, with underdeveloped male external genitalia, but with no internal genital structures

Question 9

Which of the following is most strongly associated with exstrophy of the bladder?

A)Epispadias
B)Renal agenesis
C)Anal atresia
D)Pelvic kidney
E)Ectopic ureteral orifice

Question 10

The scrotum arises from the same indifferent structure as the ______________.

A)Uterus
B)Urethra
C)Labia minora
D)Lower vagina
E)Labia majora

Question 11

The ureteric bud grows out from the mesonephric duct in response to ___________ secreted by the metanephrogenic blastema.

A)Pax-2
B)Hoxb-8
C)Sonic hedgehog
D)Glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor
E)Fibroblast growth factor-2

Question 12

___________ is essential for development of the mesonephros.

A)WT-1
B)Hoxb-4
C)Wnt-1
D)Pax-2
E)En-2

Question 13

Which of the following does not connect directly with the primary nephric (wolffian)duct?

A)Metanephros
B)Cloaca
C)Nephrotomes
D)Mesonephric tubules
E)Ureteric bud

Question 14

Which of the following associations is correct?

A)Potter facies - hydramnios
B)Urachal fistula - hydramnios
C)Horseshoe kidney - superior mesenteric artery
D)Duplicated ureter - split ureteric bud
E)Bilateral renal agenesis - compensatory hypertrophy

Question 15

In the absence of gonads,which combination would be found in an embryo?

A)No development of internal genitalia; urethra present
B)Ductus deferens, uterus, and uterine tubes
C)Ductus deferens, no müllerian duct derivatives
D)Uterus, uterine tubes, no ductus deferens
E)No development of internal genitalia, urethra absent

Question 16

In development of the male reproductive system,the SRY gene product acts directly on the _______________.

A)Mesonephric (wolffian) ducts
B)Paramesonephric (müllerian) ducts
C)Undifferentiated gonad
D)Seminal vesicle
E)Genital tubercle

Question 17

_______________ is most commonly associated with exstrophy of the bladder.

A)Cryptorchidism
B)Rectovesical fistula
C)Epispadias
D)Ectopic testis
E)Horseshoe kidney

Question 18

The ductus deferens is derived from the ________________.

A)Urogenital sinus
B)Mesonephric duct
C)Paramesonephric duct
D)Prostatic utricle
E)Genital folds

Question 19

______________ stimulates outgrowth of the ureteric bud from the mesonephric duct.

A)Hoxc-8
B)Fibroblast growth factor-2
C)WT-1
D)Hoxd-9
E)None of the above

Question 20

A Potter facies is characteristically seen in newborns with which condition?

A)Bilateral renal agenesis
B)Crossed ectopia of the kidneys
C)Tracheoesophageal fistula
D)Cryptorchidism
E)Meckel's diverticulum

Question 21

The upward path of migration of a horseshoe kidney is blocked by the _____________.

A)Renal arteries
B)Umbilical arteries
C)Inferior mesenteric artery
D)Ureters
E)Allantois

Question 22

The mother of a 2-month-old girl tells the physician that she notices frequent leakage of small amounts of a clear yellowish fluid from the infant's umbilicus.An abnormality of what embryological structure is most likely to be the cause of this condition?

A)Ureteric bud
B)Allantois
C)Yolk stalk
D)Paramesonephric duct
E)Mesonephric duct

Question 23

In the absence of testosterone and in the presence of müllerian-inhibiting substance,which of the following organs would be formed?

A)Prostate
B)Uterus
C)Ovary
D)Seminal vesicle
E)Uterine tube

Question 24

Mesonephric tubules are retained in the adult as the ________________.

A)Efferent ductules
B)Seminiferous tubules
C)Uterine tubes
D)Ductus deferens
E)Epididymal duct

Question 25

The metanephrogenic blastema is induced by the _______________.

A)Pronephric duct
B)Ureteric bud
C)Mesonephric tubules
D)Allantois
E)Mesonephric duct

Question 26

The uterus arises from the _____________.

A)Mesonephric ducts
B)Urogenital sinus
C)Mesonephric tubules
D)Pronephric ducts
E)Paramesonephric ducts

Question 27

Exstrophy of the bladder is often associated with ______________.

A)Hypospadias
B)Epispadias
C)Bicornuate uterus
D)Rectovaginal fistula
E)Urachal fistula

Question 28

The labia majora are the female equivalent of what in the male?

A)Glans penis
B)Scrotum
C)Wall of penile urethra
D)Wall of prostatis urethra
E)Shaft of penis

Question 29

Which of the following pairs of structures is derived from the same indifferent structure?

A)Gartner's duct - ductus deferens
B)Efferent ductile - uterine tube
C)Labia minora - scrotum
D)Floor of penile urethra - labia majora
E)Urinary bladder - uterus